Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alessandro Di Bella, Ronald Kwok, Thomas W. K. Armitage, Henriette Skourup, Rene Forsberg
Summary: The CS2 SARIn data can retrieve multiple valid sea ice height estimates, increase the number of valid sea surface height retrievals, and reduce the uncertainty of sea ice thickness.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Marc Naeije, Jerome Bouffard
Summary: The study validated the CryoSat-2 geophysical ocean product, Baseline-B (GOP), focusing on long-term monitoring, validation, and cross-calibration with other altimeter data. It was found that GOP CryoSat-2 performs better than RADS CryoSat-2 and is well suited for ocean and climate studies. The results provide valuable insights into the stability and accuracy of the CryoSat-2 altimeter data.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Geoffrey Dawson, Jack Landy, Michel Tsamados, Alexander S. Komarov, Stephen Howell, Harry Heorton, Thomas Krumpen
Summary: Satellite observations have been constrained to winter months, but a new method using neural networks trained with summer images has enabled accurate measurements of pan-Arctic sea ice thickness. The results show that the freeboard distributions in May and September closely match expected patterns of sea ice melt, although CryoSat-2 freeboards underestimate ice thickness compared to other observations, especially over thicker multi-year sea ice. Addressing uncertainties in the conversion from radar freeboard to ice thickness is crucial for creating a comprehensive pan-Arctic summer sea ice thickness dataset.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Juha Karvonen, Eero Rinne, Heidi Sallila, Petteri Uotila, Marko Makynen
Summary: We present a method that combines CryoSat-2 radar altimeter and Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar data to estimate sea ice thickness in the Barents and Kara seas. The method interpolates altimeter measurements between ground tracks using SAR segmentation and segmentwise SAR texture features. The results show improved spatial coverage and accuracy compared to using either CryoSat-2 or SAR data alone. The method is directly applicable to future SAR missions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jaya Sree Mugunthan, Claude R. Duguay, Elena Zakharova
Summary: This study evaluates the capability of different machine learning algorithms in classifying lake surface conditions using Sentinel-3 A/B SRAL data. By manually labeling a large number of radar waveforms and using complementary satellite data for training and testing, the study finds that ML algorithms can achieve high accuracies in discriminating between open water and different ice types. The results have important implications for lake ice mapping and water level/ice thickness detection.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ashley Morris, Geir Moholdt, Laurence Gray, Thomas Vikhamar Schuler, Trond Eiken
Summary: This study uses Global Navigation Satellite System and airborne laser measurements to validate the accuracy of CryoSat-2 in measuring elevation changes in the Austfonna ice cap. It finds that while signal penetration can introduce uncertainties, CryoSat-2's dhdt estimates are robust on multi-year timescales.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Michele Scagliola, Lisa Recchia, Luca Maestri, Davide Giudici
Summary: An analysis is presented on the impact of applying a second order correction for range migration on geophysical retrievals in delay/Doppler processing for Synthetic Aperture Radar altimeters. Compensating for range walk can increase accuracy of Level1b power waveforms, leading to reduced differences in Significant Wave Height compared to conventional altimetry.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ye Feng, Leiku Yang, Pengfei Zhan, Shuangxiao Luo, Tan Chen, Kai Liu, Chunqiao Song
Summary: This study investigates the integrated application of ICESat, ICESat-2, and CryoSat-2 missions to provide consecutive lake level series. The deviations between CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 data range from -0.78 m to 0.13 m. The quality of the synthesized time series is evaluated, with an average R (2) of 0.84. CryoSat-2 has the potential of filling the gap between ICESat and ICESat-2, and the three altimeters can effectively integrate for monitoring lake water level changes in the past two decades.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jeremie Aublanc, Pierre Thibaut, Amandine Guillot, Francois Boy, Nicolas Picot
Summary: A new level-2 processing chain dedicated to CryoSat-2 SARIn measurements over ice sheets is presented, showing significant improvements in performance compared to the ESA ground segment processor. The study compares surface height measurements between CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2, identifying biases and variations across the Antarctic ice sheet over a one-year period. Further research on the impacts of surface roughness and volume scattering on SARIn mode waveforms is needed for future enhancements in level-2 processing.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bjarke Nilsson, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Heidi Ranndal, Mikkel Lydholm Rasmussen
Summary: This paper utilizes the ICESat-2 satellite to observe ocean surface waves and compares the results with CryoSat-2 radar observations, demonstrating the agreement between these systems. The study finds a high correlation between the three ICESat-2 models and CryoSat-2 observations, indicating the potential of using ICESat-2 as an additional source of ocean data.
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. Mulero-Martinez, J. Gomez-Enri, R. Mananes, M. Bruno
Summary: This study assessed the potential of using high-resolution altimetry data for studying mesoscale surface circulation in coastal areas, such as the Gulf of Cadiz, Spain, by correcting for wind and bottom friction ageostrophic effects. The corrected altimeter measurements showed improved correlation and reduced root mean square error when compared to high-frequency radar data, indicating their usefulness for studying coastal dynamics and patterns.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Peng Chen, Zhiyuan An, Hui Xue, Yibin Yao, Xueying Yang, Rong Wang, Zhihao Wang
Summary: The study introduces a new retracking algorithm, INPPTR, which improves the accuracy of waveform data and can effectively process water levels in regions with complex terrain.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Bagnardi, N. T. Kurtz, A. A. Petty, R. Kwok
Summary: Comparing sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) estimates between ICESat-2 and CryoSat-2, this study found good agreement in both along-track and gridded monthly estimates, suggesting ICESat-2 complements the SSHA estimates from CryoSat-2.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaonan Liu, Weiya Kong, Hanwei Sun, Yaobing Lu
Summary: This study proposes a partial reconstruction method for SAR altimeter coastal waveforms to improve the success rate of retracking and retrieval precision of SSH. The results show that the average proportion of waveform quality improvement brought by partial reconstruction is 80.30%, the mean retracking success rate of reconstructed waveforms is 85.60%, and the mean increasing percentage is 30.98%. The proposed method has improved the SSH precision by a factor of two, as validated by comparison with mean sea surface (MSS) model data.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Frithjof Ehlers, Florian Schlembach, Marcel Kleinherenbrink, Cornelis Slobbe
Summary: In this work, we demonstrate the utilization of known UF-SAR retracking methods for FF-SAR waveforms, which contributes to consistent observations of sea surface height, significant wave height, and backscatter coefficient with both UF-SAR and FF-SAR. We implemented a multi-mission FF-SAR altimetry processor and compared ocean waveform statistics to UF-SAR data. The findings suggest the use of the UF-SAR SAMOSA model for retracking S3 FF-SAR waveforms and the SAMOSA zero-Doppler beam model for S6 FF-SAR waveforms.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carlo Noviello, Giuseppe Esposito, Ilaria Catapano, Francesco Soldovieri
Summary: This letter presents an imaging strategy using a Mini-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (M-UAV) radar system to effectively manage data collected on multiple lines. The strategy, called multilines imaging approach (MIA), utilizes 2-D reconstruction and interpolation to provide a 3-D representation. The effectiveness of MIA is evaluated using real data collected at archaeological sites in Italy.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yangqing Liu, Shuo Han, Francesco Soldovieri, Danilo Erricolo
Summary: A two-step strategy is proposed to solve an inverse scattering problem in 2-D geometry, utilizing convex optimization for total field estimation and Haar wavelet transform basis functions for reconstructing unknown contrast permittivity. The approach effectively addresses objects with relatively small electric size and is validated against experimental data.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Fabio Tosti, Gianluca Gennarelli, Livia Lantini, Ilaria Catapano, Francesco Soldovieri, Iraklis Giannakis, Amir M. Alani
Summary: The study examines the effectiveness of using ground-penetrating radar enhanced by microwave tomography inversion in assessing hollow trees, demonstrating high accuracy in locating the sapwood-cavity interface and evaluating the sapwood layer thickness. This method provides detailed information on the internal structure of trees, with a centimeter prediction accuracy, which is crucial for correct assessment of hollow tree's structural integrity.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ilaria Catapano, Gianluca Gennarelli, Giovanni Ludeno, Carlo Noviello, Giuseppe Esposito, Francesco Soldovieri
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Carlo Noviello, Gianluca Gennarelli, Giuseppe Esposito, Giovanni Ludeno, Giancarmine Fasano, Luigi Capozzoli, Francesco Soldovieri, Ilaria Catapano
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review of the current state of the art and challenges related to UAV-based ground-penetrating radar imaging systems. It discusses the available prototypes, main issues affecting system performance, major applicative areas, signal-processing approaches, and future perspectives.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastian E. Lauro, Elena Pettinelli, Graziella Caprarelli, Jamaledin Baniamerian, Elisabetta Mattei, Barbara Cosciotti, David E. Stillman, Katherine M. Primm, Francesco Soldovieri, Roberto Orosei
Summary: This study provides a detailed analysis of the physical and thermal properties of the South Polar Layer Deposits (SPLD) using data acquired by MARSIS. The frequency-dependent attenuation suggests that the SPLD are compositionally homogeneous at Ultimi Scopuli, and the results support the presence of perchlorate brines within liquid vein networks as the source of the bright basal reflections.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Roberto Mulero-Martinez, Carlos Roman-Cascon, Rafael Mananes, Alfredo Izquierdo, Miguel Bruno, Jesus Gomez-Enri
Summary: This study evaluated the quality performance of altimetry-derived wind speed (WS) retrievals from Sentinel-3A/B satellites over the Gulf of Cadiz in Spain, compared with in situ measurements and weather research and forecasting (WRF) model outputs. The results show satisfactory agreement between the data sets under low/high wind regimes, indicating the spatial assessment capability of satellite altimetry in complex water-covered zones.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Giovanni Ludeno, Ilaria Catapano, Francesco Soldovieri, Gianluca Gennarelli
Summary: This article investigates the capabilities of 24 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar technology to retrieve sea surface currents and directional wave spectra. The estimation performance of the radar sensor is first assessed by numerical tests in the case of synthetic sea wave fields with known characteristics. Finally, the estimation procedure is assessed on real data collected at San Vincenzo quay in the port area of Naples, Italy, and the achieved results highlight that 24 GHz FMCW MIMO radar is a viable technology for sea wave monitoring.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Benoit Laignel, Stefano Vignudelli, Rafael Almar, Melanie Becker, Abderrahim Bentamy, Jerome Benveniste, Florence Birol, Frederic Frappart, Deborah Idier, Edward Salameh, Marcello Passaro, Melisa Menende, Marc Simard, Emma Imen Turki, Charles Verpoorter
Summary: Coastal regions are complex environments with various hydrodynamic and bio-geomorphological contexts, facing socio-economic and ecological problems. Human activities and climate change greatly impact these areas, making systematic monitoring necessary. Remote sensing observations have contributed to better understanding coastal dynamics and measuring physical parameters for monitoring the coastal, estuarine and delta environments.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Letter
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sebastian Emanuel Lauro, Elena Pettinelli, Graziella Caprarelli, Luca Guallini, Angelo Pio Rossi, Elisabetta Mattei, Barbara Cosciotti, Andrea Cicchetti, Francesco Soldovieri, M. Cartacci, F. Di Paolo, R. Noschese, R. Orosei
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rosarosa Manca, Laura Chiarantini, Edoardo Tartaglia, Francesco Soldovieri, Costanza Miliani, Ilaria Catapano
Summary: This paper presents the potential of Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging (THz-TDI) as a non-invasive tool for characterizing the layered structure of maiolica wares. The study used THz-TDI to analyze samples with different stratigraphy and successfully identified glaze layers. However, layers applied over the white glaze were not detected due to their thickness being below the range resolution of the THz-TDI system. The study also identified hidden morphological features beneath the surface, providing insights into the manufacturing technique.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gianluca Gennarelli, Carlo Noviello, Giovanni Ludeno, Giuseppe Esposito, Francesco Soldovieri, Ilaria Catapano
Summary: This article proposes a 3-D imaging approach for contactless ground penetrating radar surveys. The imaging problem is solved using the singular value decomposition tool in the context of linear inverse scattering. A ray-based model accounting for electromagnetic signal propagation in an inhomogeneous medium is developed to accurately evaluate the kernel of the integral equation. The spatial resolution performance is analyzed based on theoretical concepts of diffraction tomography and the singular value decomposition of the scattering operator.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ilaria Catapano, Gianluca Gennarelli, Giuseppe Esposito, Giovanni Ludeno, Yan Su, Zongyu Zhang, Francesco Soldovieri
Summary: This letter introduces an imaging approach for MIMO GPR systems, which utilizes a linear approximation of the scattering phenomenon and a ray-based propagation model considering the air-soil interface. The approach extends the concept of interface reflection point to the case of MIMO GPR. The effectiveness of the approach is evaluated using synthetic and real data collected by the Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) on the Chang'E-5 (CE-5) lander.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Gianluca Gennarelli, Carlo Noviello, Giovanni Ludeno, Giuseppe Esposito, Francesco Soldovieri, Ilaria Catapano
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of a small and lightweight 24 GHz FMCW MIMO radar in the marine environment and presents a complete signal processing strategy. The validation of the proposed strategy is conducted through numerical tests and experimental trials, demonstrating satisfactory localization and tracking of marine targets.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gianluca Gennarelli, Giovanni Ludeno, Noviello Carlo, Ilaria Catapano, Francesco Soldovieri
Summary: This paper discusses 3D and 2D linear inverse scattering approaches based on the Born approximation and investigates the influence of model dimensionality on imaging performance. The analysis shows that 3D and 2D inversion approaches have almost identical imaging performance unless data are severely corrupted by noise.
