Review
Neurosciences
T. Warnecke, K-H Schaefer, I Claus, K. Del Tredici, W. H. Jost
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a significant role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Most PD patients experience symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, excessive saliva production, bloating, nausea, vomiting, delayed gastric emptying, and constipation. The accumulation of Lewy pathology in the GIT and central nervous system is thought to contribute to these symptoms. Complications, including malnutrition, dehydration, inadequate response to medications, pneumonia, intestinal obstruction, and megacolon, often require hospitalization. Diagnostic tools and novel treatment approaches are being developed, although more high-level evidence trials are needed. Additionally, the role of the GIT microbiome in PD is being increasingly recognized.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam J. Bindas, Kyla N. Nichols, Nicole J. Roth, Ryan Brady, Abigail N. Koppes, Ryan A. Koppes
Summary: Recent research suggests that the enteric nervous system (ENS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients may play a role in the development of the disease. In this study, a preformed fibril (PFF) PD model was used, and the effects of the local gut microbiome were simulated by co-administering butyrate and lipopolysaccharide. The results showed that isolated rat enteric neurons took up and retained PFFs, leading to an increase in the intensity of aggregated alpha-synuclein (a-Syn) compared to untreated controls. The morphology of growth cones was affected by PFF treatment, but not their dynamics. While no overall difference in spontaneous spike rate was observed, only the untreated controls responded to a dopamine stimulus relevant to PD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bilal Haider Shamsi, Mahanand Chatoo, Xiao Kang Xu, Xun Xu, Xue Qun Chen
Summary: Somatostatin (SST) and somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are crucial in the brain and gastrointestinal system, regulating various physiological functions and playing a role in cancer treatment. Understanding their functions in the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems in the gastrointestinal tract is essential for advanced medicine in basic and clinical research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zen-ichi Tanei, Yuko Saito, Shinji Ito, Tomoyasu Matsubara, Atsuko Motoda, Mikihiro Yamazaki, Yasuhiro Sakashita, Ito Kawakami, Masako Ikemura, Shinya Tanaka, Renpei Sengoku, Tomio Arai, Shigeo Murayama
Summary: Lewy body disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with various clinical diagnoses, such as Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, often accompanied by non-motor symptoms like constipation. The presence of Lewy pathology in the esophagus is significantly associated with autonomic failures and correlates closely with the progression of LBD in the peripheral nervous system.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Colin F. Craig, David I. Finkelstein, Rachel M. McQuade, Shanti Diwakarla
Summary: This article provides an in-depth exploration of the physiological, structural, and immunological changes theorised to underpin gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with Multiple system atrophy (MSA). It also highlights areas for future research in order to identify more suitable pharmaceutical treatments for gastrointestinal symptoms in MSA patients.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexis Fenyi, Charles Duyckaerts, Luc Bousset, Heiko Braak, Kelly Del Tredici, Ronald Melki
Summary: The study found that fixed tissue from Parkinson's disease and incidental Lewy body disease can promote the aggregation of monomeric alpha Syn into fibrillar assemblies, with significant variations in fibrillar assembly characteristics between regions and shorter lag phases in patients aged 80 and above.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rhian Stavely, Leah C. Ott, Niloufar Rashidi, Samy Sakkal, Kulmira Nurgali
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in gastrointestinal disorders, causing injury and dysfunction in the enteric nervous system, and offers potential opportunities for targeted therapeutics.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pooja A. Shah, Christine J. Park, Matthew P. Shaughnessy, Robert A. Cowles
Summary: Serotonin plays a crucial role as a neurotransmitter in the gastrointestinal system, affecting intestinal motility, inflammation, and cellular proliferation. Activation of serotonin receptors on different cell types induces well-known proliferation pathways, leading to enhanced intestinal epithelial proliferation and protection against injury from intestinal inflammation. Further research on serotonin's role in mucosal and enteric nervous system mitogenesis could have therapeutic implications for various GI diseases.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Abu Md Mamun Tarif, Md Nabiul Islam, Mir Rubayet Jahan, Akie Yanai, Kanako Nozaki, Koh-hei Masumoto, Koh Shinoda
Summary: HAP1 is highly expressed in excitatory motor neurons, inhibitory motor neurons, and interneurons in the enteric nervous system, while almost absent in sensory neurons. Most HAP1-ir neurons exhibit STB, with CGRP-ir neurons showing little to no HAP1-immunoreactivity. This suggests that sensory neurons may be more vulnerable to neurodegeneration compared to HAP1-expressing motoneurons/interneurons in the myenteric plexus.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy Marie Holland, Ana Carina Bon-Frauches, Daniel Keszthelyi, Veerle Melotte, Werend Boesmans
Summary: The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal function, and its dysfunction is closely linked to gastrointestinal diseases. Recent research indicates that the multifaceted connections between the ENS, intestinal epithelium, immune system, and gut microbiome are essential for maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis. Therefore, the ENS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of enteric neuropathies, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancer.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tinh Thi Nguyen, Peter Baumann, Oliver Tuescher, Sandra Schick, Kristina Endres
Summary: The gut and the brain communicate through various channels and interactions, collectively known as the gut-brain axis. The aging of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the gut can lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction and contribute to age-related diseases of the brain. Understanding the mechanisms of the aging ENS can provide insights into the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Thomas Koeglsperger, Svenja-Lotta Rumpf, Patricia Schliesser, Felix L. Struebing, Matthias Brendel, Johannes Levin, Claudia Trenkwalder, Guenter U. Hoeglinger, Jochen Herms
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Previous studies have identified cellular and molecular changes that occur before the appearance of Lewy bodies (LBs) in these neurons. Understanding these early pathological events may help in the development of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for PD.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jelena Jotanovic, Jelena Milin-Lazovic, Irina Alafuzoff
Summary: This study investigated the use of GI biopsies to confirm ongoing alpha-synucleinopathy. The results showed that 81% of subjects had alpha-synuclein in the GI biopsies, and 15% of subjects with sparse cerebral alpha-synucleinopathy displayed GI alpha-synuclein even many years prior to death. This raises questions about the reliability of assessing alpha-synuclein in peripheral tissue for confirming ongoing cerebral alpha-synucleinopathy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra D. Zinnen, Jonathan Vichich, Jeanette M. Metzger, Julia C. Gambardella, Viktoriya Bondarenko, Heather A. Simmons, Marina E. Emborg
Summary: This study reveals the similarity in microanatomy and expression of PD-related proteins between the human appendix and the ceca of common marmosets and rhesus macaques, suggesting that these NHP species are suitable for studying PD development linked to alpha-syn and tau pathological changes in the ENS.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Myat Noe Han, David I. Finkelstein, Rachel M. McQuade, Shanti Diwakarla
Summary: Abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract are common in Parkinson's disease, causing non-motor symptoms that impact patient quality of life. Current treatments are ineffective in PD patients, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. This review discusses the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier, enteric nervous system, and/or gut microbiome to alleviate PD-related gastrointestinal symptoms, and explores emerging therapies and repurposed drugs.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Manon Thierry, Susana Boluda, Benoit Delatour, Serge Marty, Danielle Seilhean, Franck Letournel, Franck Letournel, Marie-Laure Martin-Negrier, Francoise Chapon, Catherine Godfraind, Claude-Alain Maurage, Vincent Deramecourt, David Meyronnet, Nathalie Streichenberger, Andre Maues De Paula, Valerie Rigau, Fanny Vandenbos-Burel, Charles Duyckaerts, Danielle Seilhean, Susana Boluda, Isabelle Plu, Serge Milin, Dan Christian Chiforeanu, Annie Laquerriere, Beatrice Lannes, Marie-Claude Potier, Charles Duyckaerts
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Mahmoud Reza Azarpazhooh, Abolfazl Avan, Lauren E. Cipriano, David G. Munoz, Mandiyeh Erfanian, Amin Amiri, Saverio Stranges, Vladimir Hachinski
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
Benedicte Lelievre, Stephane Triau, Philippe Codron, Yoran Mariau, Frederique Papin-Lefebvre, Alexandre Collin, Guillaume Drevin, Gael Le Roux, Marie Briet, David Boels, Franck Letournel
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Adrienne L. Atayde, Corinne E. Fischer, Tom A. Schweizer, David G. Munoz
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maryam Abdollahi, Andrew F. Gao, David G. Munoz
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carole Lacout, Julien Cassereau, Pierre Lozac'h, Aline Gury, Alaa Ghali, Christian Lavigne, Franck Letournel, Geoffrey Urbanski
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Biographical-Item
Clinical Neurology
Jack Antel, Amit Bar-Or, David Munoz
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. Codron, F. Letournel, S. Marty, L. Renaud, A. Bodin, M. Duchesne, C. Verny, G. Lenaers, C. Duyckaerts, J-P Julien, J. Cassereau, A. Chevrollier
Summary: This study used STORM super-resolution imaging technique to analyze human brain tissue samples, successfully imaging pathological aggregates in the central nervous system of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, providing a more comprehensive understanding of common neurological disorders.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Alyona Ivanova, Christopher D. Witiw, Abdullah H. Ishaque, David G. Munoz
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Justin Z. Wang, Alexander P. Landry, Farshad Nassiri, Zamir A. Merali, Zeel Patel, Grace Lee, Lauren Rogers, Jeffrey A. Zuccato, Mathew R. Voisin, David Munoz, Derek S. Tsang, Normand Laperriere, Gelareh Zadeh
Summary: Surgery is the primary treatment for most meningiomas, but primary fractionated radiotherapy (fRT) is an option for larger meningiomas in challenging locations or high-risk patients. This study aimed to identify predictors of treatment response by assessing clinical factors in a large cohort of meningiomas treated with primary fRT.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Benjamin Andrew Davidson, Karl Narvacan, Shudong Zhang, David Munoz, Michael Cusimano
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Corinne Fischer, Wael Karameh, Tsz Wai Bentley Lo, Venkata S. Donkena, Gianfranco Dadone, Angela Golas, Luis Fornazzari, David Munoz, Tom Schweizer, Corinne Fischer
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Corinne Fischer, Saanika Venkatesh, Tom Schweizer, Mohamad-Ali Bahsoun, Nathan Churchill, David Munoz, Justin DiGregorio, Giordano Arezza, Corinne Fischer, April Khademi
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jahnavi Mundluru, Abdul Subhan, Tsz Lo, Luis Fornazzari, David Munoz, Tom Schweizer, Corinne Fischer, Nathan Churchill
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Conor Ledger, Wael K. Karameh, David G. Munoz, Corinne E. Fischer, Tom A. Schweizer
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY
(2020)