Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tadao Kondo, Seiji Hagihara, Yoshiaki Takaya, Kumi Yoshida
Summary: The bluish-purple petals of Chinese bellflower contain platyconin as the major anthocyanin, along with several minor pigments. Isolation and analysis revealed the presence of diacylated anthocyanins, which exhibit a stable bluish-purple color and contain a delphinidin chromophore. The relationship between structure and stability of these acylated anthocyanins was established through MS and NMR analyses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yaling Deng, Xianwen Ye, Yufan Chen, Hongmin Ren, Lanting Xia, Ying Liu, Minmin Liu, Haiping Liu, Huangang Zhang, Kairui Wang, Jinlian Zhang, Zhongwei Zhang
Summary: This study utilized UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technology and data mining methods to reveal the potential mechanism of Platycodon grandiflorum in treating lung cancer, identifying key bioactive components and targets, as well as potential signaling pathways involved. The results provide new insights into the action mechanism of Platycodon grandiflorum against lung cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiaojiao Zhang, Ying Li, Yuejun Li, Yeling Li, Xiaotang Gong, Linan Zhou, Jing Xu, Yuanqiang Guo
Summary: Acetylated glucomannan (PGP40-1) purified from Platycodon grandiflorum showed weak antitumor activity, which was enhanced after modification to selenized polysaccharide (Se-PGP40-1).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weiwei Tang, Jun-Jie Shi, Wei Liu, Xu Lu, Bin Li
Summary: A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) assisted genome mining strategy was applied to discover a glycosyltransferase (GT) named PgGT1 from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum. PgGT1 was found to catalyze the synthesis of platycoside E (PE) by sequentially attaching two beta-1,6-linked glucosyl residues to the glucosyl residue at the C3 position of platycodin D (PD). The study also revealed the crucial roles of residues S273, E274, and H350 in stabilizing the sugar donor and positioning the glucose for optimal glycosylation. These findings provide insights into the biosynthetic pathway of PE and have potential implications in industrial biotransformation.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Li, Hye Jin Yang
Summary: Six lignols, including two new compounds, were isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum root. These compounds showed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in murine macrophage cells. Further investigation into the potential anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds is warranted.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dong-Jun Lee, Ji-Weon Choi, Ji-Nam Kang, Si-Myung Lee, Gyu-Hwang Park, Chang-Kug Kim
Summary: In this study, a chromosome-scale genome assembly of Platycodon grandiflorum was reported, providing insights into its molecular basis. The genome of P. grandiflorum consists of nine pseudo-chromosomes with a high proportion of repeat sequences, and the expansion of the beta-amylin gene family related to triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis was also identified. This research contributes to the understanding of genome evolution in P. grandiflorum and facilitates genomic-assisted breeding for the production of important components.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xintong Ma, Shuai Shao, Fengqin Xiao, Hongyin Zhang, Rongrong Zhang, Miao Wang, Guangzhe Li, Mingming Yan
Summary: This study isolated and purified the whitening active extract of Platycodon grandiflorum (PGE) for the first time, and elucidated its whitening activity mechanism and chemical composition. The results demonstrated that PGE had significant anti-inflammatory effects and could enhance the whitening effect by inhibiting tyrosinase and melanin generation.
Review
Plant Sciences
Shengnan Zhang, Xiaoyun Chai, Guige Hou, Fenglan Zhao, Qingguo Meng
Summary: This review summarizes the chemical composition, pharmacological activities, molecular mechanism, toxicity, and uses of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) in local and traditional medicine over the last 12 years. PG contains a wide range of chemical components, among which triterpene saponins, especially platycoside D (PD), play a strong role in pharmacological activity, representing a natural phytomedicine with low toxicity that has applications in food, animal feed, and cosmetics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Jeong Lee, Heon-Woong Kim, Suji Lee, Ryeong Ha Kwon, Hyemin Na, Ju Hyung Kim, Chi-Do Wee, Seon Mi Yoo, Sang Hoon Lee
Summary: This report provides chromatographic and mass fragment ion data of 38 identified saponins in Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), including new compounds. Results showed that the roots of PG have the highest total content of saponins, with the platycodigenin group being the major component. Additionally, blanching of PG satisfied the optimal temperature condition for enzyme activation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luan Luong Chu, Nguyen Quang Huy, Nguyen Huu Tung
Summary: Ginsenosides are bioactive compounds found in the Panax species with various pharmaceutical properties. Microbial production, compared to plant extraction, offers advantages such as high efficiency and selectivity. This review summarizes the cell biological mechanisms of anticancer activities and current research on ginsenoside production, highlighting the use of microbial hosts as a promising approach.
Article
Acoustics
Wei Li, Yanqing Zhang, Xiaotong Zhao, Leilei Fang, Tan Yang, Junbo Xie
Summary: This study aimed to improve the extraction rate of Platycodon grandiflorum roots polysaccharides (PGPs) using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and compared it with heating water extraction (HWE) method. The results showed that UAE had significantly higher polysaccharides content and better antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity compared to HWE. The polysaccharides extracted with UAE and HWE exhibited different molecular weight distribution and monosaccharide composition.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Yun Jhang, Sung-Hyen Lee, Eun-Byeol Lee, Ji-Hye Choi, Sohyun Bang, Misun Jeong, Hwan-Hee Jang, Hyun-Ju Kim, Hae-Jeung Lee, Hyun-Cheol Jeong, Sung-Jin Lee
Summary: The study showed that Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) diets can increase the abundance of microorganisms in immunodeficient mice and are correlated with body weight, IgA, and IgM levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Li, Chunjing Guo, Qiang Chen, Yanguo Su, Huimin Guo, Ruoyang Liu, Changgang Sun, Shuqi Mi, Jinqiu Wang, Daquan Chen
Summary: The study developed a drug delivery platform to alleviate cytokine storms and improve lung inflammation in the treatment of lung injury. The platform utilized nanoparticles responsive to reactive oxygen species encapsulated in macrophage membranes, showing potent pulmonary targeting ability and anti-inflammatory effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jihyeon Jung, Yeon Jin Cho, Minju Jeong, Seung-Su Lee, Jong Hun Kim, Jong-Eun Kim, Nara Kim, Jiyun Lee, Jung Han Yoon Park, Ki Won Lee, Sung-Young Lee
Summary: Researchers from Hangzhou Xunda Biotechnology Co., Ltd. used response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design to determine the optimal conditions for extracting platycodin D from Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) root. They found that an ethanol concentration of 0%, a temperature of 50 degrees C, and an extraction time of 11 hours yielded a PD-rich extract with a content of 5.63 mg/g, which was close to the predicted value. The extract demonstrated inhibitory effects on mucin production and exhibited expectorant activity in mice. It also showed antioxidant activity and inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Youyang Shi, Yuanyuan Wu, Man Shen, Jianfeng Yang, Yuenong Qin, Sheng Liu, Chenping Sun
Summary: This study aimed to explore the protective role and potential molecular mechanisms of the Chinese herb Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) on Doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in a mouse model of breast cancer. The results showed that PG significantly alleviated myocardial damage and prevented cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by Doxorubicin. PG treatment led to decreased expression levels of cytochrome C and cleaved caspase-3, and increased levels of Bcl-XL, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein. Furthermore, PG remarkably enhanced the antimetastatic efficacy by regulating the balance of matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases.
INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES
(2023)