Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anniina Keskitalo, Eveliina Munukka, Anna Aatsinki, Wisam Saleem, Noora Kartiosuo, Leo Lahti, Pentti Huovinen, Laura L. Elo, Sami Pietila, Suvi P. Rovio, Harri Niinikoski, Jorma Viikari, Tapani Ronnemaa, Hanna Lagstrom, Antti Jula, Olli Raitakari, Katja Pahkala
Summary: This study investigated the impact of long-term dietary counseling on gut microbiota, finding higher abundance of Veillonella genus bacteria in the intervention group and an association between the study group and overall gut microbiota profile only in males.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jakob J. Malin, Christian J. H. von Wintersdorff, John Penders, Paul H. M. Savelkoul, Petra F. G. Wolffs
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal fluctuations in prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in non-travelling healthy volunteers and found that the abundance changes of prevalent ARGs were independent of travel behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gerald W. Tannock
Summary: The microbial community in the human colon, known as the gut microbiota, is essential for human health by deriving energy from plant polysaccharides and supporting physiological processes. Dietary interventions with specific plant glycans can modulate the microbiota, correcting dysbiosis and enhancing functional resilience.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qixing Nie, Yonggan Sun, Mingzhi Li, Sheng Zuo, Chunhua Chen, Qiongni Lin, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different dietary fibers on gut microbiota and related metabolites in rats. The results showed that different fibers had both common and specific effects on the gut microbiota and metabolites. Some fibers selectively increased the abundance of certain bacteria, such as Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, and Treponema, while decreasing the abundance of Clostridium perfringens and Bacteroides fragilis. It was also found that certain bacteria could produce indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and kynurenine.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yifan Zhong, Jiahong Cao, Yanfei Ma, Yu Zhang, Jianxin Liu, Haifeng Wang
Summary: Transforming the gut microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has become an intriguing intervention for various gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal disorders. This study investigated the effects of different diets on the gut microbiota post-FMT from donors with different diets. The results showed that different dietary fiber contents paired with FMT from different donors led to distinct patterns of gut microbiota and metabolites, highlighting the importance of precise dietary interventions post-FMT.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Zhang, Yunhui Zhang, Tong Mu, Jianxin Cao, Xiaoxia Liu, Xingbin Yang, Daoyuan Ren, Ke Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inulin, a dietary fiber, and gut microbiota, as well as the impact on distal intestine function. The results showed that inulin supplementation significantly reduced body weight, fat deposition, and fasting blood glucose levels, and induced changes in cecal microbiota structure and ileum transcriptomic profiling. Inulin also reversed the expression levels of certain bacterial species and intestinal genes. In conclusion, inulin may alleviate high-fat diet-induced fat deposition and metabolic disorders through regulating lipid metabolism in the ileum, with the interaction between sPLA2s and gut microbes playing important roles in the process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xin Yuan, Ruimin Chen, Ying Zhang, Xiangquan Lin, Xiaohong Yang, Kenneth L. McCormick
Summary: The study found that the gut microbiome in obese children with insulin resistance was significantly different from those without resistance, and the abundance of certain metabolism-related bacteria was correlated with the serum concentrations of adropin and ANGPTL4.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Julio Aires
Summary: This review examines the impact of antibiotics on intestinal microbiota during the perinatal period and early years of life, emphasizing the potential long-term effects on individual health. Antibiotics may interfere with neonatal gut establishment, leading to long-lasting impacts on intestinal ecosystem functions.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Manorama Kumari, Parul Singh, Basavaprabhu H. Nataraj, Anusha Kokkiligadda, Harshita Naithani, Syed Azmal Ali, Pradip. Behare, Ravinder Nagpal
Summary: Emerging evidence and understanding of the microbiome have identified beneficial commensals known as next-generation probiotics. Specific dietary interventions can modulate the abundance and activity of these beneficial bacteria in the gut, and combining specific probiotic-targeted diets can enhance their effectiveness.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Ahmed M. Arzika, Ramatou Maliki, Amza Abdou, Alio K. Mankara, Abdoul N. Harouna, Catherine Cook, Armin Hinterwirth, Lee Worden, Lina Zhong, Cindi Chen, Kevin Ruder, Zhaoxia Zhou, Elodie Lebas, Kieran S. O'Brien, Catherine E. Oldenburg, Victoria Le, Benjamin F. Arnold, Travis C. Porco, Jeremy D. Keenan, Thomas M. Lietman, Thuy Doan
Summary: The study evaluated the gut resistome of children from communities treated with 10 twice-yearly azithromycin distributions. Although macrolide resistance remained higher, the selection of non-macrolide resistance observed at earlier time points did not persist. Longitudinal resistance monitoring should be a critical component of mass distribution programs.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xin Yuan, Ruimin Chen, Kenneth L. McCormick, Ying Zhang, Xiangquan Lin, Xiaohong Yang
Summary: The study examined the characteristics of gut microbiota in obese Chinese children and adolescents of different metabolic statuses. It found distinct differences in gut microbiota between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO) groups, with dysbiosis already present in the MHO cohort. An association was observed between the abundance of certain metabolism-related bacteria and circulating inflammatory compounds in MHO children, suggesting a compensatory or remedial response to excess nutrients.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Belen Pastor-Villaescusa, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Alejandro Egea-Zorrilla, Rosaura Leis, Gloria Bueno, Raul Hoyos, Rocio Vazquez-Cobela, Miriam Latorre, Maria Dolores Canete, Javier Caballero-Villarraso, Angel Gil, Ramon Canete, Concepcion Maria Aguilera
Summary: The abundance of Actinobacteria was higher after placebo compared to metformin treatment, and the genus Bacillus was significantly higher after placebo intervention as well. The interaction between time and treatment showed a trend towards significance. Further studies with large sample sizes are needed to clarify the potential effects of metformin on gut microbiota in obese children and adolescents, controlled by lifestyle patterns.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xuanji Li, Jakob Stokholm, Asker Brejnrod, Gisle Alberg Vestergaard, Jakob Russel, Urvish Trivedi, Jonathan Thorsen, Shashank Gupta, Mathis Hjort Hjelmso, Shiraz A. Shah, Morten Arendt Rasmussen, Hans Bisgaard, Soren Johannes Sorensen
Summary: The study found a clear bimodal distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) acquired in early life, driven by the composition of the gut microbiome. Various environmental factors significantly impacted ARG load, with the importance of antibiotics diminishing over time since treatment.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beatriz Navajas-Porras, Sergio Perez-Burillo, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Konstantinos Douros, Silvia Pastoriza, Jose Angel Rufian-Henares
Summary: The gut microbiota of obese children extracts a lower concentration of antioxidant capacity compared to lean children. The total antioxidant capacity of foods is influenced by the gut microbiota, with lean gut microbiota showing higher antioxidant capacity. The method used for analysis can slightly influence whether the antioxidant capacity is released from plant or animal products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish, Yongai Xiong, Xun Song, Nazim Hussain, Qinchang Zhu, Zhendan He
Summary: This review discusses the roles of microbiota and nanomaterials in cancer therapy, microbiota interventions via nanomaterials, microbial inspiration via nanomaterials, and challenges associated with using nanomaterials in humans and animals. The potential of nanomaterials to alter the cancer-causing microbiome/microbiota and their metabolites, as well as the cancer microenvironment, suggests novel strategies for cancer treatment. Further in vivo clinical trials are needed to determine the exact mechanisms of action in treating cancer with nanomaterials.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Qiaoyu Wu, Mengmeng Ji, Siyu Yu, Ji Li, Xiaogang Wu, Xiaotang Ju, Binbin Liu, Xiaojun Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the microbial mechanisms of differential N2O emissions in agricultural soils. Results show that N2O accumulation in black soil is significantly higher than in fluvo-aquic soil, regardless of nitrogen and carbon conditions. The abundance of denitrifying genes is higher in fluvo-aquic soil, but the gene ratios responsible for N2O production to reduction do not differ significantly between the two soils. However, the bacterial communities in the soils exhibit obvious discrepancies, with N2O-generating bacteria more abundant in black soil and N2O-reducing bacteria more abundant in fluvo-aquic soil. This knowledge can aid in developing strategies for mitigating N2O emissions in agricultural soils by regulating N2O metabolism phenotypes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lei Si, Xiaoying Chen, Menglu Ouyang, Xia Wang, Guofang Chen, Yong-jun Cao, Guojun Wu, Jinli Zhang, Jingfen Zhang, YuKai Liu, Shihong Zhang, Lili Song, Candice Delcourt, Hisatomi Arima, Lidan Wang, Thomas Lung, Mingsheng Chen, Craig S. Anderson, Stephen Jan
Summary: The cost-effectiveness analysis involved in the ENCHANTED study in China showed that low-dose alteplase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) did not save overall healthcare costs or improve quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) compared to standard-dose alteplase. From an economic standpoint, there is no justification to shift from the standard-of-care thrombolysis in AIS to the use of low-dose alteplase.
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pei Dai, Pinglang Ruan, Yu Mao, Zhongxiang Tang, Ousman Bajinka, Guojun Wu, Yurong Tan
Summary: Potential small-molecule inhibitors against RSV-F protein have been identified, which effectively inhibit viral replication and alleviate RSV-induced complications. Z65 and Z85 may be suitable candidates for the treatment of RSV.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Bin Wu, Xinxin Tong, Bin Chen, Wenchang Yuan, Mingpeng Fu, Xiao Yang, Huiling Chen, Guohao Zhang, Guojun Wu, Banglao Xu
Summary: This study developed a microfluidic chip-based technique for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO), and evaluated its detection performance in clinical samples. The method showed high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, making it a valuable tool for clinical microbiology laboratories.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hanlin He, Yurong Tan, Zhongxiang Tang, Lili Wang, Shuiping Liu, Guojun Wu
Summary: Many studies have shown that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is associated with the development of atherosclerosis. This study investigates the impact of HCMV infection on the expression of metalloproteinases and their involvement in functional changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The results suggest that HCMV infection alters VSMC function through the expression of ADAM9, which contributes to the understanding of HCMV-induced atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Dong, Junwu Tang, Guojun Wu, Ruizhuo Li
Summary: A turbidity-compensation method for nitrate measurement based on ultraviolet difference spectra is proposed to solve the problem of turbidity's significant effect on nitrate spectra and reduce the accuracy of nitrate detection. The effect of turbidity on nitrate absorption spectra is studied using the difference spectra of mixed and nitrate solutions. The proposed method reduces the average relative error of nitrate predictions from 50.33% to 1.33%, indicating better correction of turbidity-induced absorbance deviation and improved accuracy of nitrate predictions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yicong Wang, Xianmeng Liang, Yang Yu, Changbin Yu, Min Yang, Guojun Wu
Summary: Wetland ecology monitoring is crucial for protecting and restoring fragile wetland ecosystems. The establishment of the Wetland Image Monitoring System (WIMS) provides real-time, continuous, and high-resolution data on the coverage and height of the keystone species Suaeda HeteropteraPall. (S. Heteroptera) in the degraded Liao River Estuary wetland. The monitoring data suggests that S. Heteroptera growth can be divided into three stages: rapid growth (April-May), slow growth (June-August), and stable (after September). The best model for coverage simulation is the Bertalanffy model, while a segmented model combining linear and Gompertz models is suitable for height simulation.
WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mingquan Guo, Guojun Wu, Yun Tan, Yan Li, Xin Jin, Weiqiang Qi, Xiaokui Guo, Chenhong Zhang, Zhaoqin Zhu, Liping Zhao
Summary: A study found that gut microbiota changes in COVID-19 patients are associated with disease severity, but the relationship between microbiota changes and prognosis is unclear. By analyzing fecal samples from 300 hospitalized COVID-19 patients at admission, researchers identified 33 genomes that showed differential distribution in different severity groups. These genomes organized into two competing guilds, with Guild 1 being potentially beneficial and Guild 2 potentially detrimental. The guild-level microbiome index (GMI) based on these genomes classified patients according to severity groups (AUROC = 0.83), helping identify high-risk patients at admission.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Longxiang Li, Liping Ding, Yuting Shao, Shengwei Sun, Mengxi Wang, Jiahui Xiang, Jingjie Zhou, Guojun Wu, Zhe Song, Zhihong Xin
Summary: In this study, a feruloyl esterase DLFae4 was modified through error-prone PCR and site-directed saturation mutation to enhance its catalytic efficiency and acyltransferase activity. Five mutants with enhanced catalytic activity towards methyl ferulate were characterized. Among them, the double variant DLFae4-m5 exhibited the highest hydrolytic activity, with a decrease in Km value and an increase in Kcat/Km value. Molecular docking revealed that DLFae4-m5 formed a complex hydrogen bond network, resulting in increased catalytic activity. Furthermore, the mutation of residue Ala-341 to glycine (A341G) in DLFae4 enhanced its acyl transfer activity and efficiency, representing the highest acyltransferase activity reported so far for family VIII carboxylesterases. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of error-prone PCR and site-directed saturation mutation in improving enzyme activity and highlight the practical application of this feruloyl esterase.
Article
Biology
Dan Liu, Zhongxiang Tang, Ousman Bajinka, Pei Dai, Guojun Wu, Ling Qin, Yurong Tan
Summary: This study analyzed the differentially expressed miRNAs in RSV-infected patients, asthma patients, and COPD patients through miRNA profiling and integrated analysis. The downregulation of miR-34b/c-5p was observed, and its role in airway inflammation and AHR was confirmed through in vivo and in vitro experiments. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of hsa-miR-34b/c-5p/CXCL10 in airway inflammation and AHR.
Article
Cell Biology
Junpeng Yang, Xueli Yang, Guojun Wu, Fenglian Huang, Xiaoyang Shi, Wei Wei, Yingchao Zhang, Haihui Zhang, Lina Cheng, Lu Yu, Jing Shang, Yinghua Lv, Xiaobing Wang, Rui Zhai, Pan Li, Bota Cui, Yuanyuan Fang, Xinru Deng, Shasha Tang, Limin Wang, Qian Yuan, Liping Zhao, Faming Zhang, Chenhong Zhang, Huijuan Yuan
Summary: The pathogenesis of DSPN in diabetes mellitus patients is associated with gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplant can alleviate DSPN and improve gut barrier integrity.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaokun Liu, Lian Zhang, Rui Shen, Qihong Lu, Qinglu Zeng, Xiaojun Zhang, Zhili He, Simona Rossetti, Shanquan Wang
Summary: This study identified FeS as a major catalyzing matter for the abiotic dechlorination of chloroethenes (CEs) in soil. Acetylene was found to be an indicator of FeS-mediated abiotic CE dechlorination. Organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB)-mediated dechlorination enhanced the conversion of CEs to acetylene, while FeS inhibited OHRB-mediated dechlorination and its inhibition could be alleviated by the addition of soil humic substances. Sulfate-reducing bacteria and fermenting microorganisms affected FeS-mediated abiotic dechlorination by re-generating FeS and providing short chain fatty acids, respectively. These findings provide insights into the interactions between abiotic and biotic dechlorination processes in soil and can guide the sustainable management of CE-contaminated sites.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shengwei Sun, Yuzhi Tan, Luyao Wang, Zichao Wu, Jingjie Zhou, Guojun Wu, Yuting Shao, Mengxi Wang, Zhe Song, Zhihong Xin
Summary: In this study, a new PAE-degrading enzyme EstJ6 was modified to improve its catalytic activity and expression level. Four mutants with enhanced activity were obtained, among which EstJ6M1.1 showed the highest catalytic activity. A variant EstJ6M2 with even higher catalytic activity and efficiency was identified, and a variant EstJ6M3.1 with significantly improved activity and efficiency was obtained by targeted mutation. The expression level of the mutants and the wild-type increased nearly threefold after a strong promoter replacement. These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical pipeline for the application of PAE-degrading enzymes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wanya Yi, Qinyue Wang, Yuzheng Xue, Hong Cao, Ruijuan Zhuang, Dan Li, Jiai Yan, Ju Yang, Yanping Xia, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with XOS and FOS on the gut microbiota and constipation symptoms in patients with functional constipation. The results showed that XOS supplementation enriched Bifidobacterium and significantly improved constipation symptoms, while FOS supplementation had a weaker effect. The structure of the gut microbiota remained unchanged during the intervention, but changes in individual bacteria still had significant effects on constipation symptoms.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hao Ge-Yang, Yang Yu-Cheng, Zhao Rong-Juan, Lu Xiao-Peng, Yang Ya-Han, Wu Guo-Jun
Summary: In this study, a measurement method based on an all-fiber photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV) was introduced, which can be used for experimental research on hypersonic flow. In tunnel tests, the PDV showed good results in terms of measurement accuracy and distance, with errors effectively controlled. Furthermore, the PDV was able to measure the continuous velocity of the piston, and the results showed high accuracy compared to numerical simulations.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2022)