Article
Neurosciences
Biju Bhargavan, Shawna M. Woollard, Jo Ellyn McMillan, Georgette D. Kanmogne
Summary: The study revealed that HIV-1 infection in humanized mice led to a decrease in human CD4+ T cells, alterations in BBB TJ proteins, increased HLA-DR+ cells in brain tissues, and elevated levels of Aβ-42 and phospho-Tau. However, treatment with maraviroc significantly reduced viral loads, preserved BBB integrity and neuronal markers, and decreased Aβ-42 accumulation.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mao-Wang Ho, Te-Mao Li, Ju-Pi Li, Jian-Shiun Chiou, Mu-Lin Chiu, Chao-Jung Chen, Chi-Fung Cheng, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Yang-Chang Wu, Ting-Hsu Lin, Chiu-Chu Liao, Shao-Mei Huang, Yu-Ning Lin, Chen-Hsing Chou, Wen-Miin Liang, Ying-Ju Lin
Summary: A nationwide study in Taiwan evaluated the effect of Chinese herbal medicine on overall mortality in HIV patients with osteoporosis or fractures, showing that CHM as an additional treatment significantly improves patients' survival rates. The study found that CHM users had a lower mortality rate and higher survival compared to non-users, with a main cluster of strongly related CHM combinations identified through network analysis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lesley R. de Armas, Suresh Pallikkuth, Li Pan, Stefano Rinaldi, Rajendra Pahwa, Savita Pahwa
Summary: The study found that people living with HIV who received anti-retroviral therapy experienced accelerated immune aging compared to healthy controls, and immune biomarkers in blood samples could be used as an indicator of "immunological age" during HIV infection treated with ART.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ileana Desormais, Deo Harimenshi, Theodore Niyongabo, Philippe Lacroix, Victor Aboyans, Pierre Marie Preux
Summary: This study conducted in Burundi among 300 HIV-infected outpatients aged >=40 years found a LEAD prevalence of 17.3%, with factors associated with LEAD including hypertension and stage IV HIV clinical infection. This is the first large study in Central Africa reporting a high prevalence of LEAD among HIV patients, highlighting the influence of HIV on peripheral atherosclerosis at later clinical stages and the need for LEAD screening in this population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alvina Widhani, Evy Yunihastuti, Siti Setiati, Fiastuti Witjaksono, Teguh H. H. Karjadi
Summary: This study examined the effects of Ramadan fasting on hs-CRP levels and TAOS in HIV patients on ART. The results showed that fasting group had significantly decreased hs-CRP levels compared to the non-fasting group. Therefore, Ramadan fasting can reduce hs-CRP concentrations among HIV patients on ART.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shouling Wu, Xue Tian, Shuohua Chen, Yijun Zhang, Xiaoli Zhang, Qin Xu, Anxin Wang
Summary: A reduction in arterial stiffness through antihypertensive treatment could precede BP lowering in patients with treated hypertension.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Martini, Paolo Maggi, Cristina Gervasoni, Lorenzo Onorato, Sergio Ferrara, Loredana Alessio, Chiara Bellacosa, Vincenzo Esposito, Giovanni Di Filippo, Addolorata Masiello, Adelaide Maddaloni, Simona Madonia, Giovanna D'Alessio, Viviana Rizzo, Nicola Coppola
Summary: This study suggests an association between TAF and hypercholesterolemia in HIV-naive patients.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Susana Lopes, Vera Afreixo, Manuel Teixeira, Catarina Garcia, Catia Leitao, Marisol Gouveia, Daniela Figueiredo, Alberto J. Alves, Jorge Polonia, Jose Oliveira, Jose Mesquita-Bastos, Fernando Ribeiro
Summary: This meta-analysis found that aerobic, combined, or isometric exercise interventions are effective in improving pulse wave velocity (PWV) in patients with hypertension.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carmen Busca Arenzana, Lucia Quintana Castanedo, Clara Chiloeches Fernandez, Daniel Nieto Rodriguez, Pedro Herranz Pinto, Ana Belen Delgado Hierro, Antonio Olveira Martin, Maria Luisa Montes Ramirez
Summary: The prevalence of psoriasis in HIV-infected patients is similar to the general population, but steatosis is highly prevalent and severe psoriasis is an independent risk factor for steatosis in HIV-infected patients. Factors such as HCV co-infection, total CD4 count, and efavirenz exposure time are associated with significant liver fibrosis.
Article
Immunology
Sara Dominguez-Rodriguez, Alfredo Tagarro, Caroline Foster, Paolo Palma, Nicola Cotugno, Sonia Zicari, Alessandra Ruggiero, Anita de Rossi, Annalisa Dalzini, Savita Pahwa, Stefano Rinaldi, Eleni Nastouli, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Karim Dorgham, Delphine Sauce, Kathleen Gartner, Paolo Rossi, Carlo Giaquinto, Pablo Rojo
Summary: This study aimed to assess different subphenotypes in children with HIV-1. Three subphenotypes with different virological and immunological features were identified, with one characterized by a faster immune reconstitution and slower disease progression, while another characterized by more senescent cells and a high reservoir size.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Andre C. Michalski, Arthur S. Ferreira, Adrian W. Midgley, Victor A. B. Costa, Guilherme F. Fonseca, Nadia S. L. da Silva, Juliana Borges, Sandra A. Billinger, Felipe A. Cunha
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a single bout of mixed circuit training (MCT) on arterial stiffness in patients with chronic stroke, and assessed the between-day reproducibility of arterial stiffness measurements. The results showed that MCT significantly reduced arterial stiffness in patients with chronic stroke and had moderate-to-high reproducibility.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Trevon Fuller, Tara Kerin, Ruth Cortado, Maria de Lourdes Benamor Teixeira, Maria Isabel Fragoso da Silveira Gouvea, Christianne Moreira, Maria Leticia Santos Cruz, Jose Henrique Pilotto, Ivete Gomes, Breno Santos, Taui Rocha, Priya R. Soni, Esau Joao, Myung Shin-Sim, Yvonne Bryson, Karin Nielsen-Saines
Summary: This study examines the development of HIV DNA levels and the effect on HIV antibodies in perinatally HIV-infected children after receiving cART treatment. The results show that there is no significant difference in HIV DNA levels at school age between children who received early or late cART initiation. Furthermore, a decrease in HIV antibodies is associated with long-term viral suppression.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rahna Rasouli, Jerome Baranger, Cameron Slorach, Wei Hui, Maelys Venet, Minh B. Nguyen, Matthew Henry, Josh Gopaul, Paul C. Nathan, Luc Mertens, Olivier Villemain
Summary: This study assessed the effect of anthracycline treatment on arterial stiffness in childhood cancer survivors using ultrafast ultrasound imaging. The results showed that there was no significant difference in demographic parameters, blood biomarkers, cardiovascular parameters, or pulse wave velocity between the survivors and healthy controls. Therefore, anthracycline treatment did not have a significant impact on local arterial stiffness in the left common carotid artery.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
J. Mellin, M. Le Prevost, J. Kenny, K. Sturgeon, L. C. Thompson, C. Foster, H. H. Kessler, Nandu Goswami, N. Klein, A. Judd, H. Castro
Summary: The study found differences in arterial stiffness levels between young people living with perinatal HIV and HIV negative peers. Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as higher arterial pressure, being male, and older age, were associated with higher arterial stiffness values. Regular monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors should be implemented for all young people living with perinatal HIV worldwide.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Felicia C. Chow, Nidhi S. Mundada, Shady Abohashem, Renaud La Joie, Leonardo Iaccarino, Victor M. Arechiga, Shreya Swaminathan, Gil D. Rabinovici, Elissa S. Epel, Ahmed Tawakol, Priscilla Y. Hsue
Summary: In this study, the relationships between stress, systemic and arterial inflammation, and metabolic activity in stress-related brain regions were examined in people living with HIV infection. The results showed that psychological stress was significantly correlated with systemic and carotid arterial inflammation, providing preliminary evidence for the connection between stress, inflammation, and atherosclerosis in PLWH.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. Caldiroli, I Tagliabue, M. Turco, E. Capuzzi, A. Fortunato, A. Tringali, C. Montana, L. Maggioni, C. Pellicioli, M. Sibilla, M. Marcatili, G. Crespi, F. Colmegna, M. Buoli, M. Clerici
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health, and this study aimed to compare the difference between psychiatric patients and healthy controls in terms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over time. The study found that the lockdown period was perceived as more traumatic by both groups, psychiatric patients had lower levels of PTSD symptoms compared to the healthy controls, and patients with personality disorders may be more vulnerable to PTSD symptoms.
PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH & MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Ilaria Tagliabue, Luisa Ledda, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: This review summarizes the efficacy of unlabeled molecules for the treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Pregabalin at high doses appears to be a reliable alternative strategy for SAD treatment. Among the SSRIs not labeled for SAD, citalopram showed the most promising results.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Agliardi, Franca Rosa Guerini, Milena Zanzottera, Elisabetta Bolognesi, Silvia Picciolini, Domenico Caputo, Marco Rovaris, Maria Barbara Pasanisi, Mario Clerici
Summary: Approximately 15% of MS patients develop primary progressive form of disease, which is difficult to diagnose and treat. Brain-derived EVs and their protein cargoes could potentially serve as biomarkers for MS. The study found that MBP concentration in ODEVs was significantly increased in MS patients and correlated with disease severity. A minimally invasive blood test measuring MBP concentration in ODEVs could be a promising tool for MS diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alessandro Cuomo, Eugenio Aguglia, Stefano Biagini, Alessandro Carano, Massimo Clerici, Armando D'Agostino, Sergio De Filippis, Serafino De Giorgi, Arianna Goracci, Claudia Libri, Francesco Lombardi, Matteo Lupi, Giuseppe Maina, Giovanni Martinotti, Pietro Nigro, Mauro Pettorruso, Valerio Ricci, Eros Rossi, Felicia Russo, Andrea Fagiolini
Summary: Based on a population-pharmacokinetic model, the European Medicines Agency recently approved a simplified starting strategy for AOM (aripiprazole once a month), an injectable and long-acting antipsychotic, involving two 400 mg injections and a single 20 mg oral dose on the same day. Previous studies have not investigated the safety and tolerability of this regimen in real-world patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Claudio Fenizia, Chiara Moltrasio, Luisa Ottobrini, Olga Utyro, Giovanni Genovese, Claudia Vanetti, Daria Trabattoni, Angelo V. Marzano
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ilaria Righi, Valentina Vaira, Letizia Corinna Morlacchi, Giorgio Alberto Croci, Valeria Rossetti, Francesco Blasi, Stefano Ferrero, Mario Nosotti, Lorenzo Rosso, Mario Clerici
Summary: This pilot study found that PD-1-expressing T lymphocytes were associated with acute rejection and the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) in lung transplant patients, indicating a central role of PD-1 in the pathogenesis of rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federica Rossetto, Sara Isernia, Olivia Realdon, Francesca Borgnis, Valeria Blasi, Chiara Pagliari, Monia Cabinio, Margherita Alberoni, Fabrizia Mantovani, Mario Clerici, Francesca Baglio
Summary: This study evaluated a new model of rehabilitation for people with cognitive disabilities, using asynchronous telerehabilitation. The results showed that the asynchronous telerehabilitation model can meet the needs of a broad population and has positive effects on cognitive and behavioral abilities.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Vanetti, Vito Lampasona, Marta Stracuzzi, Claudio Fenizia, Mara Biasin, Irma Saulle, Fiona Limanaqi, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Cristian Loretelli, Laura Paradiso, Emma Longoni, Lucia Barcellini, Lorenzo Piemonti, Ilaria Marzinotto, Stefania Dispinseri, Antonella Amendola, Clara Fappani, Elisabetta Tanzi, Mario Salvatore Clerici, Gabriella Scarlatti, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Vania Giacomet, Daria Trabattoni
Summary: This study analyzed the immune profiles of 18 hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and found that different severity levels of children cases showed different immune characteristics. Infants with severe symptoms exhibited high inflammatory response and extreme antibody response, while mild cases had lower levels of inflammation and antibodies. Overall, the immune response in children is directly correlated with the clinical severity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Allergy
Marta Stracuzzi, Claudia Vanetti, Mario Clerici, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Daria Trabattoni, Vania Giacomet
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alice Caldiroli, Lia Colzani, Enrico Capuzzi, Cecilia Quitadamo, Davide La Tegola, Teresa Surace, Stefania Russo, Mauro Capetti, Silvia Leo, Agnese Tringali, Matteo Marcatili, Francesco Zanelli Quarantini, Fabrizia Colmegna, Antonios Dakanalis, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici
Summary: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Panic Disorder (PD) share similar neurobiological mechanisms and clinical features, leading to potential misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This study aimed to assess the relationship between clinical and socio-demographic markers and GAD/PD diagnosis. Out of 290 outpatients identified with PD or GAD in mental health services in Italy, post-onset psychiatric and medical comorbidities were associated with GAD, while treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was associated with PD. GAD patients had a worse prognosis due to higher comorbidity rates, relapses, and poorer treatment compliance. The association between GAD and psychodynamic psychotherapy was a unique finding of this study.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ingrid Battistella, Alessandro Cutarelli, Jacopo Zasso, Massimo Clerici, Carlo Sala, Matteo Marcatili, Luciano Conti
Summary: Astrocytes have important functions in coordinating various homeostatic processes in the central nervous system. A new protocol for generating mature astrocytes from hiPSCs has been developed, allowing for the study of astrocyte functions in human cell contexts and patient-specific settings. The optimized monolayer procedure presented in this study enables the efficient differentiation of hiPSC-derived cortical progenitors into mature astrocytes, providing a valuable tool for investigating the role of these cells in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases and for drug development and biomarker discovery/validation.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Giacomo d'Andrea, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Carlotta Marrangone, Fabrizio Martino, Mario Santorelli, Andrea Miuli, Francesco Di Carlo, Maria Salvina Signorelli, Massimo Clerici, Mauro Pettorruso, Giovanni Martinotti
Summary: A systematic review found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been approved as an effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Most studies suggest that maintenance protocols can reduce the risk of relapse, but there is heterogeneity in these protocols. Administering two or fewer stimulations per month is ineffective in sustaining the antidepressant effect or reducing relapse risk. The risk of relapse is most pronounced after five months from acute treatment. Maintenance TMS is a resourceful strategy that can significantly reduce relapse risk and should be considered for future use.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergio Strizzi, Letizia Bernardo, Pasqualina D'Ursi, Chiara Urbinati, Andrea Bianco, Fiona Limanaqi, Andrea Manconi, Maria Milanesi, Alberto Macchi, Dario Di Silvestre, Adalberto Cavalleri, Giovanni Pareschi, Marco Rusnati, Mario Clerici, PierLuigi Mauri, Mara Biasin
Summary: A multidisciplinary approach was used to investigate the effect of UV-C irradiation on the S protein of SARS-CoV-2. The study identified the disruption of a disulphide bond, which resulted in a conformational change and reduced binding ability to the ACE2 receptor. The findings suggest the S2 domain of the S protein as a potential therapeutic target for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biology
Cristina Agliardi, Franca Rosa Guerini, Elisabetta Bolognesi, Milena Zanzottera, Mario Clerici
Summary: The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is still unclear and may involve genetic variants and environmental triggers. Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) have been associated with autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the involvement of four well-studied VDR gene polymorphisms in autoimmune conditions and highlights the need for further investigation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Letizia M. M. Affaticati, Teresa Surace, Carla L. L. Di Forti, Antonios Dakanalis, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common psychiatric condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent psychiatric comorbidity and impairment in social and occupational functioning. This study systematically reviewed the literature on potential biomarkers for SAD. While some preliminary evidence suggests the role of certain genes and neuroimaging findings in SAD, the results overall remain inconsistent and need further investigation on larger samples to identify more specific biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
