Article
Immunology
Goutham Ganesh, Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
Summary: Macrophages play a vital role in wound healing, and their response to hemin can be regulated by pterostilbene, leading to enhanced wound closure. This study provides insights into the involvement of Nrf2 in macrophage response and suggests it as a potential therapeutic target in the management of diabetic foot ulcers.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lifang Zhao, Hongyan Zhang, Xueqing Liu, Shan Xue, Dongfang Chen, Jing Zou, Handong Jiang
Summary: This study reveals the protumor function of TGR5 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by regulating tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and suppressing anti-tumor immunity. Mechanistically, TGR5 promotes the transformation of TAMs into protumorigenic M2-like phenotypes through the activation of the cAMP-STAT3/STAT6 signaling pathway. The study also shows that the expression of TGR5 is associated with TAM infiltration in NSCLC tissues, and the co-expression of TGR5 and high TAM infiltration correlates with the prognosis and overall survival of NSCLC patients.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Franziska Brauneck, Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer, Jana Muschhammer, Tabea Sturmheit, Christin Ackermann, Friedrich Haag, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Yi Ding, Minyue Qi, Louisa Hell, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Carsten Bokemeyer, Walter Fiedler, Jasmin Wellbrock
Summary: This study characterizes macrophages in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and reveals that these macrophages express higher levels of M2-associated receptors and co-regulatory receptors compared to healthy individuals. CD163 mRNA levels are associated with residual tumor mass and overall survival, and TIGIT expression is associated with higher tumor grading. The combination blockade of TIGIT and CD47 can enhance phagocytosis of ovarian cancer cells by macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Matthieu Paiola, Dionysia Dimitrakopoulou, Martin S. Pavelka Jr, Jacques Robert
Summary: Mycobacterial infections are a major concern for both humans and vertebrates in aquatic and terrestrial environments. There are common features in the interactions between non-tuberculous mycobacteria and endo-and ectothermic animals, similar to those observed in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. The detection of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in amphibians is not only economically damaging but also poses a growing threat to human health.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Brett A. Schroeder, Natalie A. LaFranzo, Bonnie J. LaFleur, Rachel M. Gittelman, Marissa Vignali, Shihong Zhang, Kevin C. Flanagan, Julie Rytlewski, Laura Riolobos, Brian C. Schulte, Teresa S. Kim, Eleanor Chen, Kimberly S. Smythe, Michael J. Wagner, Jose G. Mantilla, Jean S. Campbell, Robert H. Pierce, Robin L. Jones, Lee D. Cranmer, Seth M. Pollack
Summary: In dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), high TCR clonality combined with low T-cell fraction predicts worse outcomes, while CD4+ T-cell infiltration is associated with better outcomes; CD14+ monocytes and M2 macrophages are associated with worse outcomes.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Lisa Hirahara, Kaoru Takase-Minegishi, Yohei Kirino, Yuki Iizuka-Iribe, Yutaro Soejima, Ryusuke Yoshimi, Hideaki Nakajima
Summary: Behcet's disease is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, cutaneous inflammation, and uveitis. The pathogenesis of BD is not fully understood, but it is likely a result of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. This review discusses the roles of monocytes and macrophages in BD and their potential as therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Aung Kyi Thar Min, Kosaku Mimura, Shotaro Nakajima, Hirokazu Okayama, Katsuharu Saito, Wataru Sakamoto, Shotaro Fujita, Hisahito Endo, Motonobu Saito, Zenichiro Saze, Tomoyuki Momma, Shinji Ohki, Koji Kono
Summary: This study found that the population of M2-TAMs and VEGFR2 expression significantly increased in the tumors of CRC patients. HIF1-alpha-positive cells were significantly correlated with the VEGFR2 expression level on M2-TAMs. In vitro experiments demonstrated that M2 macrophages produced TGF-beta 1 through the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kim Ngan Luu Hoang, Joanne E. Anstee, James N. Arnold
Summary: HO-1 is an inducible intracellular enzyme expressed in various cancers to promote tumor progression through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms. Its catabolites provide antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and cytoprotective effects within cells, while also influencing the wider tumor microenvironment to promote processes like angiogenesis, metastasis, anti-inflammation, and immune suppression. Pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 shows promise in inhibiting metastasis and promoting anti-tumor immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hongxu Liu, William Kwame Amakye, Jiaoyan Ren
Summary: The study found that Ganoderma lucidum and Codonopsis pilosula crude polysaccharides could significantly reduce tumor volume and prolong survival in melanoma mice. Digested Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide inhibited the proliferation of tumor-associated macrophages induced by IL-4 and promoted their repolarization. The polysaccharides show potential as safe therapeutic options for melanoma and immune modulators that warrant further exploration.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Liang, Fei Zhu, Keman Cheng, Nana Ma, Xiaotu Ma, Qingqing Feng, Chen Xu, Xiaoyu Gao, Xinwei Wang, Jian Shi, Xiao Zhao, Guangjun Nie
Summary: This study develops an OMV-based trained immunity-related vaccine (TIrV) and investigates the trained immunity signatures and therapeutic mechanisms, providing a basis for further vaccination strategies.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jibo Jing, Jin Sun, Yuqing Wu, Nieke Zhang, Chunhui Liu, Saisai Chen, Wenchao Li, Cheng Hong, Bin Xu, Ming Chen
Summary: The study found that AQP9 is associated with TME state transition in KIRC patients, potentially affecting prognosis through lipid metabolism and P53, JAK/STAT pathways. AQP9 is linked to M2, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and recruitment of CD8+ T cells in the tumor environment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bufu Tang, Jinyu Zhu, Yajie Wang, Weiqian Chen, Shiji Fang, Weiyang Mao, Ziwei Xu, Yang Yang, Qiaoyou Weng, Zhongwei Zhao, Minjiang Chen, Jiansong Ji
Summary: This study demonstrates that xCT-specific knockout in macrophages can limit tumor progression and metastasis by reducing TAM recruitment and infiltration, inhibiting M2-type polarization, and enhancing ferroptosis activity. It also reveals the association between macrophage ferroptosis and PD-L1 expression, leading to improved antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy.
Article
Immunology
Ji-Zhong Yin, Xiao-Qian Shi, Ming-Dong Wang, He Du, Xue-Wei Zhao, Bing Li, Meng-Hang Yang
Summary: The study found that arsenic trioxide (ATO) can inhibit the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), thus inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. ATO disrupts the positive feedback loop between LUAD and TAMs by inhibiting the expression of Jagged1 and Notch1 in LUAD and down-regulating the secretion of CCL2 and IL1 beta, leading to the suppression of M2 polarization.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fuyin Le, Lilan Yang, Yiwen Han, Yanying Zhong, Fuliang Zhan, Ying Feng, Hui Hu, Tingtao Chen, Buzhen Tan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that triptolide (TPL), a principal component of Tripterygium wilfordii, possesses broad-spectrum anti-tumor activity. The study found that TPL could inhibit the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages, potentially through the PI3K/Akt/NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Additionally, TPL may impact the intestinal microbiota composition in mice.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lige Wu, Daoan Cheng, Xin Yang, Weiqing Zhao, Cheng Fang, Rui Chen, Mei Ji
Summary: M2-TAMs promote immunoresistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by enhancing METTL3-mediated m6A methylation.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yung-Yi Cheng, Elise T. Tuzo, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: The study revealed that pre-treatment with Hedyotis diffusa extract led to a decrease in the bioavailability of tamoxifen and affected its clinical efficacy. High doses of Hedyotis diffusa extract also influenced the conversion ratios of tamoxifen metabolites.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
I-Hsin Lin, Ling Yang, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This study investigated the transfer mechanism of nicotine in pregnant rats and found that organic cation transporters play a role in mediating the transfer of nicotine across the blood-placenta barrier.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu-Syuan Luo, Su-Yin Chiang, Tai-Ying Long, Tung-Hu Tsai, Kuen-Yuh Wu
Summary: The study utilized a novel MD-LC-MS/MS method to investigate the TKs of AA and its metabolites, demonstrating the metabolic advantage of AA being oxidized to GA. This method provides excellent temporal resolution for capturing metabolic saturation and is a promising approach for studying toxicokinetics.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jui-Feng Lin, Yen-Shuo Liu, Yu-Chuen Huang, Chih-Wen Chi, Cheng-Chia Tsai, Tung-Hu Tsai, Yu-Jen Chen
Summary: Borneol and tetrandrine may enhance the penetration of 5-FU into the brain by modulating the integrity of BBB and BTB. The experimental results showed that borneol and tetrandrine reduced BBB integrity, partially inhibited the efflux pump function of P-gp, and the combination of the two effectively prolonged survival.
INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yung-Yi Cheng, Teresa Zheng, Michael W. Chang, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Yu-Jen Chen, Tung-Hu Tsai, Chen-Hsi Hsieh
Summary: This study investigated the potential interaction between radiotherapy (RT) and tamoxifen treatment by evaluating the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen during concurrent and sequential RT. The results demonstrated that RT may enhance the metabolism of tamoxifen to active metabolites, suggesting potential benefits of combining RT-tamoxifen for hormone-dependent breast cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tun-Sung Huang, Chih-Jung Ko, Jiunn-Chang Lin, Ming-Ling Hsu, Chun-Chuan Ko, Chih-Wen Chi, Tung-Hu Tsai, Yu-Jen Chen
Summary: We investigated the effects of 6-MITC and its derivatives on the differentiation and maturation of human myeloid dendritic cells, as well as on skin transplantation. The results showed that these compounds could inhibit the expression of CD1a and CD83, and have both enhancing and inhibitory effects on T cells and interferon-gamma. Additionally, they prolonged the survival of skin allografts and induced the accumulation of regulatory T cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ling Yang, I-Hsin Lin, Lie-Chwen Lin, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This study demonstrates through experiments that remdesivir and its main metabolite, GS-441524, can cross the placenta, but remdesivir itself cannot directly enter the fetus. This finding suggests that caution should be taken when using remdesivir to treat COVID-19 during pregnancy.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Chung-Kai Sun, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This review compiles and analyzes original articles on understanding possible herb-drug interactions between traditional herbs and four major pain medications-acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. The most common analytical method used is high-performance liquid chromatography with an isocratic eluent system coupled to biological sample clean-up, and a wide variety of detectors have been observed. Synergistic and anti-synergistic effects were observed for acetaminophen and aspirin, while only synergistic effects have been found for naproxen. Currently, no interactions have been reported for ibuprofen.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tun-Pin Hsueh, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This study investigated the diuretic effects and pharmacokinetics of Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT) in combination with spironolactone in bile duct-ligated rats. The results showed that the coadministration of YCHT and spironolactone decreased urinary sodium excretion and urine output.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Chuen Huang, Pei-Ying Hsieh, Li-Ying Wang, Tung-Hu Tsai, Yu-Jen Chen, Chen-Hsi Hsieh
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiotherapy (RT)-pharmacokinetics (PK) effect of cabozantinib in concurrent or sequential regimens with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The RT-drug interactions of cabozantinib under RT were confirmed in a free-moving rat model. The biodistribution of cabozantinib in the heart is modulated by off-target irradiation and SBRT doses simultaneously.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jui-Feng Lin, Chih-Wen Chi, Yu-Chuen Huang, Tung-Hu Tsai, Yu-Jen Chen
Summary: In this study, the anti-cancer effects of 6-MITC and its derivatives on chronic myelogenous leukemia cells were examined. It was found that they can induce cell death through suppressing the cell cycle and inducing autophagy and aberrant mitosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Su-Yin Chiang, Ming-Tsai Wey, Yu-Syuan Luo, Wei-Chung Shih, Dalaijamts Chimeddulam, Po-Chi Hsu, Hui-Fen Huang, Tung-Hu Tsai, Kuen-Yuh Wu
Summary: This study used a novel microdialysis sampling coupled with solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MD-SPE-LC-MS/MS) to investigate the toxicokinetics (TK) of AA-I and AA-II and their corresponding aristolactams (AL-I and AL-II) in Sprague Dawley rats. Real-time monitoring revealed that AA-I was absorbed, distributed, and eliminated more rapidly than AA-II. The metabolism efficiency of AA-I to AL-I was higher compared to AA-II to AL-II. These findings support the hypothesis that differences in the in vivo metabolism of AA-I and AA-II may contribute to their differential toxicities.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chun-Hao Chang, Wen-Ya Peng, Wan-Hsin Lee, Tung-Yi Lin, Muh-Hwa Yang, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of herbal drug interactions on the biotransformation of molnupiravir and its metabolite NHC in the blood and brain. The results showed that molnupiravir was rapidly metabolized to NHC and penetrated into the brain.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chun-Hao Chang, Wen-Ya Peng, Wan-Hsin Lee, Tung-Yi Lin, Muh-Hwa Yang, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and transplacental transfer of molnupiravir, an antiviral drug for COVID-19, in pregnant rats. The results showed that molnupiravir is rapidly metabolized to NHC and crosses the blood-placenta barrier, suggesting its therapeutic effect in pregnant patients infected with COVID-19.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chun-Hao Chang, Wen-Ya Peng, Wan-Hsin Lee, Ling Yang, Tung-Yi Lin, Muh-Hwa Yang, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: Molnupiravir and its metabolite NHC can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and reach brain tissue, and the penetration of NHC can be modulated by NBMPR. These findings provide valuable information for understanding brain disorders in COVID-19 patients.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2023)