期刊
ONCOTARGET
卷 7, 期 44, 页码 71873-71886出版社
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12380
关键词
inflammation; melanoma; macrophage; polarization; sphingosine 1-phosphate
资金
- INSERM, Paul Sabatier University, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (Equipe Labellisee)
- French and Lebanese ministry of foreign affairs (MAEDI)
- French and Lebanese ministry of Higher Education and Research (MENESR) (PHC CEDRE) [30750VL]
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
The infiltration of melanoma tumors by macrophages is often correlated with poor prognosis. However, the molecular signals that regulate the dialogue between malignant cells and the inflammatory microenvironment remain poorly understood. We previously reported an increased expression of sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1), which produces the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in melanoma. The present study aimed at defining the role of tumor SK1 in the recruitment and differentiation of macrophages in melanoma. Herein, we show that downregulation of SK1 in melanoma cells causes a reduction in the percentage of CD206(high)MHCII(low) M2 macrophages in favor of an increased proportion of CD206(low)MHCII(high) M1 macrophages into the tumor. This macrophage differentiation orchestrates T lymphocyte recruitment as well as tumor rejection through the expression of Th1 cytokines and chemokines. In vitro experiments indicated that macrophage migration is triggered by the binding of tumor S1P to S1PR1 receptors present on macrophages whereas macrophage differentiation is stimulated by SK1-induced secretion of TGF-beta 1. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of human melanoma tumors revealed a positive correlation between SK1 and TGF-beta 1 expression. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that melanoma SK1 plays a key role in the recruitment and phenotypic shift of the tumor macrophages that promote melanoma growth.
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