Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Knud Josefsen, Lars Krogvold, Ivan C. Gerling, Flemming Pociot, Knut Dahl-Jorgensen, Karsten Buschard
Summary: This study suggests that dormant beta cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibit secretion defects, fetal dedifferentiation, and desynchronization. Combining with previous evidence, it is proposed to treat individuals with ongoing T1D development prophylactically with type 2 diabetes (T2D) medicine and anti-inflammatory compounds to reactivate dormant beta cells and prevent autoimmune destruction. Further investigation into T2D mechanisms during T1D development is needed.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juan Pang, Jia Nuo Feng, Wenhua Ling, Tianru Jin
Summary: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been developed as therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes (T2D) since 2005. GLP-1R is expressed not only in pancreatic islets but also in other organs, especially the lung. The controversy surrounding extra-pancreatic GLP-1R expression still needs to be resolved, and more reliable GLP-1R antibodies should be utilized for further research. The anti-inflammatory features of GLP-1RAs have shown promising results, but whether these features are directly mediated by GLP-1R expressed in immune cells remains controversial.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christophe E. M. De Block, Eveline Dirinck, Ann Verhaegen, Luc F. Van Gaal
Summary: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide RA tirzepatide have expanded the population of individuals reaching HbA1c and weight targets, showing potential therapeutic benefits. However, further research is needed to determine whether this will lead to improved cardiovascular outcomes and impact treatment guidelines.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Khary Edwards, Xilong Li, Ildiko Lingvay
Summary: The use of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is in the management of T1DM in real-world practice has shown clinically relevant benefits, with a reduction in weight and HbA(1c). However, the use of SGLT2is is associated with an increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis, requiring careful patient selection and monitoring.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dean Minnock, Giosue Annibalini, Giacomo Valli, Roberta Saltarelli, Mauricio Krause, Elena Barbieri, Giuseppe De Vito
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that people with type 1 diabetes have impaired skeletal muscle health, but this condition is not well characterized. This study found that a combined resistance and aerobic training intervention improved muscle function in type 1 diabetes patients, but to a lesser extent compared to healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Syed Faizan Mehdi, Suma Pusapati, Muhammad Saad Anwar, Durga Lohana, Parkash Kumar, Savitri Aninditha Nandula, Fatima Kausar Nawaz, Kevin Tracey, Huan Yang, Derek LeRoith, Michael J. Brownstein, Jesse Roth
Summary: Inflammation is involved in many chronic conditions and stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. GLP-1 levels are associated with disease severity and can serve as markers of inflammation. Previous studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of oxytocin, hCG, ghrelin, alpha-MSH and ACTH, while the anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 have only recently been recognized. GLP-1 has been shown to be beneficial in treating type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and hyperglycemia by reducing inflammation and cell death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D. Mastrandrea, Lucy S. K. Walker
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and individuals with this disease rely on insulin for survival. Despite advancements, the burden of this disease remains high. Research shows that blocking the immune attack on beta cells holds promise in preserving endogenous insulin production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jasna Klen, Vita Dolzan
Summary: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a new class of drugs that effectively manage type 2 diabetes and promote weight loss. They have been extensively studied for cardiovascular and renal safety. However, non-responsive patients may have genetic variability in the GLP-1 receptor or signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yousef Al Zoubi, Bashair M. Mussa, Ankita Srivastava, Abdul Khader Mohammed, Elamin Abdelgadir, Alaaeldin Bashier, Fatheya Al Awadi, Salah Abusnana
Summary: Recurrent hypoglycemic episodes can lead to hypoglycemia unawareness. Research findings suggest that decreased TNF-alpha expression and increased expression of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IFN-gamma in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients may indicate systemic inflammation as an underlying cause of HU.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kenichi Furihata, Hanaka Mimura, Shweta Urva, Tomonori Oura, Kenji Ohwaki, Takeshi Imaoka
Summary: The study demonstrated that Tirzepatide is well tolerated in Japanese patients with T2D, showing significant improvements in blood glucose control and weight management.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ian H. de Boer, Jye-Yu C. Backlund, Valerie Arends, Rose Gubitosi-Klug, Amisha Wallia, Naina Sinha Gregory, Annette Barnie, Andrew J. Burghardt, John M. Lachin, Barbara H. Braffett, Ann Schwartz
Summary: Poor glycemic control is associated with reduced bone formation in T1D patients, while reduced kidney function is associated with increased bone resorption and formation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joseph G. G. Timmons, Lucy Littlejohn, James G. G. Boyle, John R. R. Petrie
Summary: Although there have been many advances in the treatment of type 1 diabetes, optimal glycemic control is still only achieved in a minority. Adjunct therapy, including insulin analogues, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and others, is being investigated as a strategy to improve outcomes in type 1 diabetes.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yolanda Diz-Chaves, Zainab Mastoor, Carlos Spuch, Lucas C. Gonzalez-Matias, Federico Mallo
Summary: GLP-1 plays a role in insulin secretion and has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. GLP-1R activation has been shown to reduce inflammation and may be a potential therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammatory pathologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leigh Ann Richardson, Arpita Basu, Lung-Chang Chien, Amy C. Alman, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
Summary: The study found that engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is inversely associated with inflammatory markers linked with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leigh Perreault, Bryan C. Bergman
Summary: This research letter provides a quick clinical reference for the rough equivalency between GLP-1 and GIP RA therapies in terms of A1c and body weight reduction in people with type 2 diabetes, during a global shortage of these medications.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)