Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Tom A. W. Wolterink, Robin D. Buijs, Giampiero Gerini, A. Femius Koenderink, Ewold Verhagen
Summary: This study investigates the use of nanophotonic structures to accurately determine the position of nearby nanoscale objects with subwavelength accuracy. By perturbing the near-field environment of a metasurface transducer consisting of nano-apertures in a metallic film, the location of the nanoscale object is transduced into the transducer's far-field optical response. The research demonstrates two-dimensional localization of objects accurate to 24 nm across a 2 x 2 µm area by monitoring the scattering pattern of the nanophotonic near-field transducer and comparing it to reference data. Additionally, increasing complexity in the nanophotonic transducer allows for localization over a larger area while maintaining resolution by encoding more information on the object's position in the transducer's far-field response.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dingguo Zheng, Siyuan Huang, Chunhui Zhu, Peng Xu, Zian Li, Hong Wang, Jun Li, Huanfang Tian, Huaixin Yang, Jianqi Li
Summary: The study analyzed the surface plasmonic nearfield structure based on PINEM observations of silver nanowires, revealing plasmon oscillations associated with typical absorption of photon quanta and analyzing the polarization dependence of plasmon wavelength and symmetry properties. By utilizing advanced imaging techniques, the research has implications for future studies of localized-field structures at interfaces and visualization of novel phenomena in nanostructures, nanosensors, and plasmonic devices.
Article
Optics
Jianan Wu, Jiayin Che, Fabin Zhang, Chao Chen, Weiyan Li, Guoguo Xin, Yanjun Chen
Summary: We study the ionization of atoms in strong orthogonal two-color (OTC) laser fields both numerically and analytically. Our calculations show that the photoelectron momentum distribution exhibits two distinct structures, which depend on the laser parameters. By analyzing the Coulomb effect with a strong-field model, we demonstrate that these structures arise from the attosecond response of electrons inside atoms to OTC-induced photoemission. We derive simple mappings between the positions of these structures and the response time, enabling the establishment of a two-color attosecond chronoscope for precise electron emission timing in OTC-based manipulation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rezvan Rafiee Alavi, Rashid Mirzavand, Ali Kiaee, Pedram Mousavi
Summary: This article proposes a new approach to improve the speed of near-field measurement of antennas. The approach utilizes an adaptive data acquisition technique to collect samples from areas with highly dynamic behavior and skips regions with smooth near-field variations. It also calculates the values of data at non-RFX2 probe locations using an interpolation method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip Dienstbier, Lennart Seiffert, Timo Paschen, Andreas Liehl, Alfred Leitenstorfer, Thomas Fennel, Peter Hommelhoff
Summary: Solids exposed to intense electric fields release electrons through tunnelling, which plays a vital role in various applications. In this study, we use two-colour modulation spectroscopy to uncover the suboptical-cycle strong-field emission dynamics from nanostructures, with attosecond precision. By measuring the photoelectron spectra and matching the quantum model to the experiment, we determine the emission duration of 710 +/- 30 attoseconds. These results have implications for ultrafast electron sources, quantum degeneracy studies, nanoplasmonics, and petahertz electronics.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Kamal Hossain
Summary: The exploitation of optical confinement in the nanoscale provides valuable information about the properties of materials. Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is a technique that overcomes the diffraction limitation of traditional microscopy and spectroscopic techniques by using a near-field probe. In this Personal Account, the authors demonstrate the use of aperture NSOM (a-NSOM) to investigate optical confinement in various nanostructures, including dimers, nano-assemblies, and two-dimensional assemblies. The experimental observations are supported by finite-difference time-domain simulations. The ability to observe nanometric topography and surface-sensitive spectroscopic signals in the nanoscale not only advances our understanding of optical confinements in the near-field but also has implications for designing miniaturized and efficient systems.
Article
Optics
Omer Kneller, Doron Azoury, Yotam Federman, Michael Krueger, Ayelet J. Uzan, Gal Orenstein, Barry D. Bruner, Olga Smirnova, Serguei Patchkovskii, Misha Ivanov, Nirit Dudovich
Summary: This article introduces the development of attosecond-gated interferometry, which identifies the quantum nature of electronic wavepacket by measuring the electron's relative phase and amplitude under a tunnelling barrier.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aderonke S. Folorunso, Adam Bruner, Francois Mauger, Kyle A. Hamer, Samuel Hernandez, Robert R. Jones, Louis F. DiMauro, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth J. Schafer, Kenneth Lopata
Summary: First-principles calculations were used to investigate the modes of attosecond charge migration in halogenated hydrocarbon chains. Low-frequency charge migration modes were found to propagate across the molecule, with a speed largely independent of molecule length but dependent on halogen mass. Increasing halogen mass led to the charge behaving more like a particle as it moved across the molecule.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel A. Stewart, Paul Hoerner, Duke A. Debrah, Suk Kyoung Lee, H. Bernhard Schlegel, Wen Li
Summary: A phase-resolved two-electron-angular-streaking method is developed to investigate the spatial evolution of an ultrafast spin-orbit wave packet in the krypton cation and the motion of a faster wave packet in the xenon cation. The refilling of an electronic hole is observed 1.2 fs after its production, and the filling occurs on the opposite side of the hole's birth.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiaodong Liu, Shixu Meng, Bo Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the use of sampling methods with near field measurements to solve inverse scattering problems, including inverse scattering for obstacles and interior inverse scattering for cavities. Modified sampling methods are proposed and theoretical justifications are provided. A data completion algorithm is introduced to deal with limited-aperture inverse scattering problems. Numerical examples are used to validate the effectiveness of the modified sampling methods.
SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Romain Chevigny, Efstratios D. Sitsanidis, Johanna Schirmer, Eero Hulkko, Pasi Myllyperkio, Maija Nissinen, Mika Pettersson
Summary: A nanoscale infrared (IR) spectroscopy study was conducted to assess the heterogeneity and supramolecular assembly of a two-component supramolecular gel. Near-field IR spectroscopy revealed differences in the secondary structures and non-covalent interactions at different nano-locations of the gel network. The study found that a beta-sheet arrangement and strong hydrogen bonding are dominant in the gel, with an intense pi-pi stacking contribution at the crossing point of fibers. Near-field nanospectroscopy can be a powerful tool for distinguishing non-covalent interactions and advancing the spectroscopic assessment of supramolecular gels.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Danylo T. Matselyukh, Victor Despre, Nikolay Golubev, Alexander Kuleff, Hans Jakob Woerner
Summary: This study reports the observation of charge migration in neutral silane molecules using X-ray attosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy. The experimental results are supported by quantum-mechanical ab initio calculations, revealing the dynamics and mechanism of this migration phenomenon.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wilhelm Eschen, Sici Wang, Chang Liu, Robert Klas, Michael Steinert, Sergiy Yulin, Heide Meissner, Michael Bussmann, Thomas Pertsch, Jens Limpert, Jan Rothhardt
Summary: This study demonstrates broadband holography-assisted coherent imaging with a resolution of less than 35 nm. The method enables the combination of high-resolution coherent imaging with a large spectral bandwidth, allowing for studying ultrafast dynamics on the smallest spatio-temporal scales. This approach presents a significant advancement in nanoscale coherent imaging techniques.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert Haverkamp, Stefan Neppl, Alexander Foehlisch
Summary: Black phosphorus is a two-dimensional material with unique structural characteristics, which affects the electronic transport and local electronic processes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiaxuan Wang, Zhifu Zhang, Zhuang Li, Qibai Huang
Summary: This paper proposes an improved near-field acoustical holography method, JTCSA-NAH, which optimizes the hyperparameters of the CSA-NAH method through joint training and improves the implementation framework. The feasibility of JTCSA-NAH is verified through numerical examples, showing its accuracy and applicability, and it outperforms other methods in terms of performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Enrico Ridente, Mikhail Mamaikin, Najd Altwaijry, Dmitry Zimin, Matthias F. Kling, Vladimir Pervak, Matthew Weidman, Ferenc Krausz, Nicholas Karpowicz
Summary: This study synthesizes a single-cycle field transient using a continuum spanning from 300 to 3000 nm and measures its waveform through electro-optic sampling. The technique enables the measurement of the electric field of visible light, allowing the study of ultrafast phenomena. The complete electric field characterization using electro-optic sampling expands the detection range beyond infrared frequencies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Wenbin Zhang, Ritika Dagar, Philipp Rosenberger, Ana Sousa-Castillo, Marcel Neuhaus, Weiwei Li, Sharjeel A. Khan, Ali S. Alnaser, Emiliano Cortes, Stefan A. Maier, Cesar Costa-Vera, Matthias F. Kling, Boris Bergues
Summary: Molecular adsorbate reactions on nanoparticles are crucial in nano-photocatalysis, atmospheric, and astrochemistry. By manipulating field localization and enhancement on the nanoparticle surface, these reactions can be induced, enhanced, and controlled. The study demonstrates all-optical nanoscopic control of surface reaction yields by tailoring the near fields on nanoparticles with waveform-controlled linear and bicircular two-color laser pulses. This work paves the way for reliable all-optical control of photocatalytic chemical reactions on nanoscale surfaces.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Shiloh, T. Chlouba, P. Hommelhoff
Summary: Researchers demonstrate the quantum coherent coupling between electrons and light in a scanning electron microscope, achieving breakthrough results in low-energy electron field with potential for spatially extended and cascaded optical experiments.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
D. Cesar, A. Acharya, J. P. Cryan, A. Kartsev, M. F. Kling, A. M. Lindenberg, C. D. Pemmaraju, A. D. Poletayev, V. S. Yakovlev, A. Marinelli
Summary: In this paper, we demonstrate the usage of the Coulomb field of a highly relativistic electron beam as a broadband pulse for driving ultrafast and strong-field physics. Unlike a solid-state laser, this pulse can be synchronized with an x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and has a tunable cutoff frequency from THz to extreme ultraviolet (EUV). The excitations generated by this pulse act on target systems as half-cycle impulses, providing unique features for novel science at XFEL facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS).
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Franz E. Haniel, Lina Hedewig, Hartmut Schroeder, Matthias F. Kling, Boris Bergues
Summary: Ion microscopy is a well-established technique for laser focus diagnostics and precise measurement of laser ionization processes. This feasibility study presents a new ion microscope design that enhances resolution across a wide range of magnifications and simplifies operation. The proposed design utilizes an array of equally spaced ring electrodes with individually adjustable voltages controlled by an evolutionary algorithm, enabling aberration minimized magnifications between 25 and 100, as well as voltage adjustment for changing experimental conditions and user-defined autofocus.
ENGINEERING RESEARCH EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip Dienstbier, Lennart Seiffert, Timo Paschen, Andreas Liehl, Alfred Leitenstorfer, Thomas Fennel, Peter Hommelhoff
Summary: Solids exposed to intense electric fields release electrons through tunnelling, which plays a vital role in various applications. In this study, we use two-colour modulation spectroscopy to uncover the suboptical-cycle strong-field emission dynamics from nanostructures, with attosecond precision. By measuring the photoelectron spectra and matching the quantum model to the experiment, we determine the emission duration of 710 +/- 30 attoseconds. These results have implications for ultrafast electron sources, quantum degeneracy studies, nanoplasmonics, and petahertz electronics.
Article
Optics
Maximilian F. Seeger, Dominik Kammerer, Johannes Bloechl, Marcel Neuhaus, Vladimir Pervak, Thomas Nubbemeyer, Matthias F. Kling
Summary: We present a mid-infrared optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) system capable of generating 2.1 μm center wavelength pulses with 20 fs duration and 4.9 mJ energy at 10 kHz repetition rate. The system is based on a kW-class Yb:YAG thin-disk amplifier and incorporates a CEP stable SWIR generation and three consecutive OPCPA stages. With a SWIR source delivering an average power of 49 W and excellent phase and average power stability, the setup enables attosecond pump probe spectroscopy experiments with photon energies in the water window.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hirofumi Yanagisawa, Markus Bohn, Hirotaka Kitoh-Nishioka, Florian Goschin, Matthias F. Kling
Summary: Single-molecule electron sources, driven by constant electric fields and about 1 nm in size, exhibit unique emission patterns like crosses or two-leaf patterns. By illuminating these sources with femtosecond light pulses, we discovered highly modulated emission patterns originating from single-molecule molecular orbitals, solving a longstanding question. Our simulations achieved subnanometric optical modulation of an electron source through variations in the molecular orbitals of single molecules.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weiwei Li, Ahmad Saleh, Manas Sharma, Christian Huenecke, Marek Sierka, Marcel Neuhaus, Lina Hedewig, Boris Bergues, Meshaal Alharbi, Hadi ALQahtani, Abdallah M. Azzeer, Stefanie Graefe, Matthias F. Kling, Abdullah F. Alharbi, Zilong Wang
Summary: The below-threshold harmonic generation in solid-state organic semiconductors is explored, showing that the pi-pi* excitations of the porphyrin ring system generate the harmonic emission. The study also reveals the contribution of Brunel harmonic to the 5th harmonic emission and the role of resonant 5-photon transition in triggering non-perturbative behavior, suggesting similar resonance effects in other organic materials.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Najd Altwaijry, Muhammad Qasim, Mikhail Mamaikin, Johannes Schoetz, Keyhan Golyari, Michael Heynck, Enrico Ridente, Vladislav S. Yakovlev, Nicholas Karpowicz, Matthias F. Kling
Summary: Direct measurements of the electric field of light enable new observations of light-matter interactions. A method for detecting broadband near-infrared fields based on linear absorption in a semiconductor is demonstrated, avoiding complex vacuum setups and working under ambient conditions.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Stefan Meier, Jonas Heimerl, Philip Dienstbier, Peter Hommelhoff
Summary: This article presents a simple method based on photoemission technology to determine the work function and tip apex radius parameters of needle tip electron sources in real time. Through experiments on tungsten needle tips, we found that strong laser pulse irradiation increases the work function of the tip and changes the spatial electron emission distribution.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jonas Heimerl, Stefan Meier, Adrian Kirchner, Tobias Weitz, Peter Hommelhoff
Summary: We present strong-field electron energy spectra generated from nanometric gold needle tips using femtosecond laser pulses. Two different wavelengths, 800 nm with 12 fs pulse duration and 1550 nm with 170 fs pulse duration, were employed. The recorded electron spectra exhibit extended plateaus and cutoffs of rescattered electrons, indicating characteristic features of strong-field physics. Additionally, the spectra clearly exhibit above-threshold photoemission peaks, making them ideal for benchmarking current theory models.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Erfan Saydanzad, Jeffrey Powell, Adam Summers, Seyyed Javad Robatjazi, Carlos Trallero-Herrero, Matthias F. Kling, Artem Rudenko, Uwe Thumm
Summary: In this study, the generation and dynamics of photoelectrons from plasmonic nanostructures under intense laser pulses in the infrared regime were investigated. It was found that the contribution from direct photoemission significantly increased, suggesting the potential for developing compact tunable electron sources.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Philipp Rosenberger, Ritika Dagar, Wenbin Zhang, Arijit Majumdar, Marcel Neuhaus, Matthias Ihme, Boris Bergues, Matthias F. Kling
Summary: Droplets provide a unique platform for investigating laser-induced surface chemistry. This study demonstrates the application of reaction nanoscopy technique to propanediol nanodroplets and reveals the sensitivity of the technique to droplet size, charge, and surface chemistry. The results show enhanced production of methyl cations from 1,2-PDO droplets compared to 1,3-PDO droplets, highlighting the role of surface alignment in chemical reactions on droplets. These findings open up opportunities for spatio-temporal observations of charge dynamics and surface reactions on droplets.
Article
Optics
Yiming Pan, Eliahu Cohen, Ebrahim Karimi, Avraham Gover, Norbert Schonenberger, Tomas Chlouba, Kangpeng Wang, Saar Nehemia, Peter Hommelhoff, Ido Kaminer, Yakir Aharonov
Summary: In this study, a new measurement-based framework is developed to investigate classical and quantum interactions between free electrons and photons, and is experimentally tested. It is found that classical electron-photon interactions can be represented as outcomes of weak measurement. The transition from quantum to classical measurement is quantified by a universal factor.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
