Article
Ecology
Reinaldo E. Alcalde, Christopher M. Dundas, Yiran Dong, Robert A. Sanford, Benjamin Keith Keitz, Bruce W. Fouke, Charles J. Werth
Summary: Spatial concentration gradients of antibiotics can impact microbial survival and metabolic activity, with chemotaxis playing a crucial role in allowing bacteria to inhabit toxic regions. Efflux pumps, specifically RND pumps, were found to be important for microbial survival in batch conditions, but were not necessary for survival in antibiotic gradients in microfluidic studies. This research contributes to understanding how antibiotic spatial heterogeneity affects microbial response.
Article
Microbiology
Congjuan Xu, Huimin Liu, Xiaolei Pan, Zhenzhen Ma, Dan Wang, Xinxin Zhang, Guangbo Zhu, Fang Bai, Zhihui Cheng, Weihui Wu, Yongxin Jin
Summary: The study conducted a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms behind the development of ciprofloxacin-resistant derivative of a clinical isolate, identifying specific genetic mutations responsible for increased antibiotic resistance in the isolate.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mattia Pirolo, Mareliza Menezes, Peter Damborg, Alice Wegener, Birgitta Duim, Els Broens, Lisbeth Rem Jessen, Mette Schjaerff, Luca Guardabassi
Summary: The study found a correlation between oxacillin MICs and PBP mutations in MRSP strains, as well as their susceptibility to beta-lactams approved for veterinary use. Strains with low-level MRSP had an oxacillin MIC < 4 mg/L and were susceptible to cefalexin, while being less susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate. High oxacillin MICs were associated with mutations in multiple PBPs.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hannah M. Rickman, Tommy Rampling, Karen Shaw, Gema Martinez-Garcia, Leila Hail, Pietro Coen, Maryam Shahmanesh, Gee Yen Shin, Eleni Nastouli, Catherine F. Houlihan
Summary: COVID-19 can lead to deadly healthcare-associated outbreaks, with 15% of inpatients in a major London teaching hospital being confirmed or probable hospital-acquired cases. Despite a 36% case fatality rate, nosocomial infection rates decreased after comprehensive infection prevention and control measures were implemented.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zeynab Jamal, Mehrdad Gholami, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, Hamid Reza Goli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of overexpression of MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN efflux pumps in reduced susceptibility to antimicrobial agents among P. aeruginosa strains. The results showed a significant relationship between the expression levels of MexEF-OprN and MexCD-OprJ efflux pumps and antibiotic resistance, emergence of MDR strains.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Machado de Miranda Costa, A. R. Guedes, M. D. S. P. Nogueira, L. S. C. Oliveira, L. de Souza Barros, M. R. S. Goncalves, A. A. Carvalho, H. L. C. Amaral de Moura, A. S. Levin, M. S. Oliveira
Summary: This study aimed to report the incidence of hospital-acquired (HA) COVID-19 in Brazilian hospitals. The study found that the incidence of HA COVID-19 varied in different types of intensive care units and was similar to that of community-acquired COVID-19. Furthermore, the implementation of preventive measures posed challenges. Further studies should clarify strategies to minimize the risk of HA COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
T. Sevin, C. Daniau, S. Alfandari, E. Piednoir, C. Dumartin, H. Blanchard, L. Simon, A. Berger-Carbonne, S. Le Vu
Summary: This study analyzed antimicrobial prescription patterns for various healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in France based on 2017 data, highlighting the importance of tailoring treatments to specific pathogens and their resistance profiles. The findings underscore the need for personalized antimicrobial stewardship efforts in combating HAIs.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Hamzah J. J. Aldali, Azra Khan, Abdullah A. A. Alshehri, Jehad A. A. Aldali, Sultan Ayoub Meo, Ali Hindi, Emadeldin M. M. Elsokkary
Summary: Globally, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are increasing and causing high mortality and morbidity rates. This study focused on the analysis of carbapenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae in UK hospitals from 2009 to 2021. The study also examined the best approaches to patient management for controlling the spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicolas Massart, Alexandre Mansour, James T. Ross, Caroline Piau, Jean-Philippe Verhoye, Pierre Tattevin, Nicolas Nesseler
Summary: Although hospital-acquired infections are relatively uncommon after cardiac surgery (4.2%), they have a major impact on postoperative mortality, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, bloodstream infection, and pneumonia being independently associated with increased hospital mortality.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Cheuk-Chun Szeto, Jack Kit-Chung Ng, Winston Wing-Shing Fung, Gordon Chun-Kau Chan, Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng, Man-Ching Law, Wing-Fai Pang, Philip Kam-Tao Li, Chi-Bon Leung, Kai-Ming Chow
Summary: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients admitted to the hospital have a significantly higher risk of developing peritonitis compared to outpatients. Hospital-acquired peritonitis episodes are more likely to have negative cultures and bacterial isolates that are resistant to ceftazidime. The response rates, cure rates, and mortality rates of hospital-acquired episodes are worse than those that occur outside the hospital.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Amara Tariq, Lin Lancaster, Praneetha Elugunti, Eric Siebeneck, Katherine Noe, Bijan Borah, James Moriarty, Imon Banerjee, Bhavik N. Patel
Summary: This study proposes a graph convolutional neural network (GNN)-based model for predicting the risk of hospital acquired infections (HAIs), incorporating a wide variety of clinical features. The model outperforms other baseline models and can effectively predict the risk of infection, leading to a decrease in hospital length of stay and healthcare costs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Seok Jun Mun, Si-Ho Kim, Hyoung-Tae Kim, Chisook Moon, Yu Mi Wi
Summary: The contribution of different pathogens to mortality in bloodstream infection varies by acquisition site, with hospital-acquired BSI showing higher rates of drug resistance, specific infection focus, and inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yinjuan Guo, Bingjie Wang, Lulin Rao, Xinyi Wang, Huilin Zhao, Meilan Li, Fangyou Yu
Summary: This study identified the major RIFR MRSA clone in China as ST239-III-t030. Molecular characteristics, antibiotic-resistant profiles, and rpoB mutations varied between RIFR MRSA and RIFS MRSA. Treatment of MRSA infections can be tailored based on the molecular characteristics.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Luiza Pinheiro-Hubinger, Danilo Flavio Moraes Riboli, Ligia Maria Abraao, Eliane Patricia Lino Pereira Franchi, Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
Summary: This study compared the clonality and SCCmec type of CoNS isolates from different sources in the same community, revealing high clonal diversity in S. epidermidis and circulation of some S. haemolyticus clones in both hospital and community. The presence of different SCCmec types within the same cluster indicated high diversity, suggesting SCCmec may not be a good marker of clonality in these bacteria.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rehab Ismaeil, Abdul Rahman Fata Nahas, Norhidayah Binti Kamarudin, Usman Abubakar, Mohamad Basri Mat-Nor, Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed
Summary: The study assessed the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-acquired infections at Sultan Ahmed Shah Hospital and found that the rates of HAIs were not significantly impacted by improved infection prevention efforts during the pandemic. Further efforts to promote adherence to preventive practices are needed.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)