Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edward J. Calabrese, Paul B. Selby
Summary: This paper identifies six major conceptual scientific errors made by Hermann Muller and explains how these errors led to the development of the linear no-threshold (LNT) dose response, which has been widely used worldwide for cancer risk assessments. The paper highlights the significant influence Muller had in the environmental movement, impacting risk assessment policies that are still in use even decades after his death. It also supports current research showing the limitations of the LNT model for cancer risk assessment.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ugochukwu C. Okonkwo, Christopher C. Ohagwu, Michael E. Aronu, Christian E. Okafor, Christopher I. Idumah, Imhade P. Okokpujie, Nelson N. Chukwu, Christian E. Chukwunyelu
Summary: This study develops a relationship for categorizing radiation protection and examines the advances and factors supporting or countering the use of the linear no-threshold (LNT) model. The study recommends further research and advocacy to promote the acceptance of an alternative paradigm by international regulators.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Atsuhisa Ota
Summary: This study calculates the spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) caused by Rayleigh scattering for the first time using rigorous second-order cosmological perturbation theory. The new spectral distortion is sensitive to acoustic dissipation and provides additional information beyond the scale constrained by CMB anisotropies.
Article
Economics
Yiguo Sun, Delong Li, Chenyi Suo, Yu Wang
Summary: Using U.S. data, this study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oil price returns within an asset pricing framework. Unlike previous research, a threshold model is employed to account for the possibility that COVID-19 risk may not be significant until it exceeds a certain level. Findings based on WTI crude oil spot price data from January 2020 to December 2021 indicate that oil returns decline significantly with the daily number of COVID-19 deaths, but only if the daily death toll surpasses around 2100. Furthermore, a more severe COVID-19 outbreak can greatly increase the exposure of oil returns to various systematic risk factors, a phenomenon not previously documented in the literature.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Juliana A. Medeiros, Oscar E. Pecho, Maria M. Perez, Francisco Carrillo-Perez, Luis Javier Herrera, Alvaro Della Bona
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of neutral color backgrounds on the perception of color differences in dentistry. It was found that dentists and dental technicians have greater ability to perceive slight color differences compared to other groups of observers.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Weijia Ju, Ling Chen, Bin Li, Yixin Chen, Xiaobing Sun
Summary: This study focuses on maximizing blocking of negative influence from uncertain sources in social networks. It proposes a competitive influence linear threshold propagation model and defines the uncertain negative source influence blocking maximization problem based on this model. An algorithm is introduced for node deletion-based blocking, showing improved efficiency compared to other methods.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. Valbusa Dall'Armi, A. Nishizawa, A. Ricciardone, S. Matarrese
Summary: The presence of non-negligible circular polarization in the astrophysical background, generated by Poisson fluctuations in the number of unresolved sources, is shown in this work. The study also explains the process of removing this additional source of noise in order to search for signals from the early Universe.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
J. Leonel Rocha, Sonia Carvalho, Beatriz Coimbra, Ines Henriques, Juliana Pereira
Summary: This paper focuses on the study of the linear threshold model in random networks, specifically in Erdos-Renyi networks. The theoretical procedure for the linear threshold model is presented based on the expected value for the node degree and the associated influence activation mapping. The dynamics of the influence maximization process are analyzed using various centrality measures for seed set selection and state conditions for triggering the procedure. The relationship between activation threshold and topological entropy is also examined.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jishnu Suresh, Anirban Ain, Sanjit Mitra
Summary: There are predictions about anisotropies in the stochastic gravitational wave background, and estimating intensity variation across the sky is important for improving our understanding of astrophysical models. Sky maps have been produced for the data collected by advanced ground-based interferometric detectors, and the need for producing maps in different bases has been identified. The results obtained through different methods match well, indicating that a single sky map can sufficiently describe the anisotropies in the stochastic background.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jing Liu, Rong-Gen Cai, Zong-Kuan Guo
Summary: The study focuses on the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) generated by cosmic domain walls (DWs) due to quantum fluctuations of a light scalar field during inflation. The angular power spectrum of this SGWB is scale invariant and of observational interest, providing a unique opportunity to verify inflationary theories and detect inflation energy scales. Detecting the anisotropies of such SGWBs is possible with instruments like the Square Kilometer Array, and the common-spectrum process observed by NANOGrav could be linked to the SGWB from cosmic DWs.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lan Yang, Ziyue Ma, Zhiwu Li, Alessandro Giua
Summary: Rumors spread rapidly in social networks and have a serious impact on society. This article presents a mathematical programming formulation using integer linear programming to minimize rumor spread in complex social networks. A modified approach is also proposed to efficiently solve the top-k blockers problem, with a proof of its optimal performance. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the ILP-based method outperforms other approaches and is applicable to large-scale networks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andrew R. Kaiser, Nihan S. Pol, Maura A. McLaughlin, Siyuan Chen, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Joseph Simon, Stephen R. Taylor, Sarah J. Vigeland, Caitlin A. Witt
Summary: There is strong evidence of a common-spectrum stochastic process in recent data sets, and it is important to assess the effects of astrophysical and cosmological sources that could contribute to the stochastic gravitational wave background. This study uses Bayesian PTA analysis techniques to assess the recovery and separability of multiple backgrounds, and outlines a protocol for searching for multiple backgrounds in future data sets.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elroei David, Marina Wolfson, Vadim E. Fraifeld
Summary: Research indicates that living in areas with relatively higher background radiation may lead to longer life expectancy and lower cancer mortality rates. These findings suggest a need to reconsider the linear no-threshold paradigm.
Article
Optics
Yu Zhang, Bao Liu, Rongguang Liang
Summary: The paper presents a method to balance the accuracy and speed of phase reconstruction using two-step phase-shifting algorithms (TS-PSAs). It compares the performance of TS-PSAs with background removal (TS-PSAs-BR) and TS-PSAs with no background removal (TS-PSAs-NBR) and identifies EMNSD&FLSA as the best algorithm for achieving high accuracy and efficiency.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ming Yan, Liding Chen, Song Leng, Ranhao Sun
Summary: Vegetation plays a critical role in climate regulation, but its association with temperature and humidity remains poorly understood. This study investigated the climate regulation potential of vegetation in Beijing, China, using indices such as cooling intensity, cooling efficiency, humidifying intensity, and humidifying efficiency. The results showed that vegetation had insignificant climate regulation effects at night, but during the day, the ratios of maximum cooling intensity, cooling efficiency, humidifying intensity, and humidifying efficiency varied across seasons. The coupling of temperature and humidity also influenced the climate regulation of vegetation.
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2023)