Article
Microbiology
Hilal Al Sidairi, Emma K. Reid, Jason J. LeBlanc, Navjot Sandila, Joline Head, Ian Davis, Paul Bonnar
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of rapid molecular testing for MSSA and MRSA coupled with an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) intervention. The results showed that molecular testing significantly reduced the time to MSSA and MRSA discrimination and that the ASP intervention could reduce the time to optimal therapy. This study is important for improving treatment outcomes in patients with serious bloodstream infections.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohammad H. Alshaer, Nicole Maranchick, Kaitlin M. Alexander, Kayihura Manigaba, Bethany R. Shoulders, Timothy W. Felton, Sumith K. Mathew, Charles A. Peloquin
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between early and cumulative β-lactam pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters and therapy outcomes in bloodstream infection (BSI). Multiple regression analysis revealed that achieving a higher percentage of free concentration above the four times the minimum inhibitory concentration (fT/4 xMIC ) at both 0-24 hours and 0-7 days significantly predicted negative blood culture results on day 7.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ashlan J. Kunz Coyne, Mohammad Alshaer, Anthony M. Casapao, Veena Venugopalan, Carmen Isache, Jason Ferreira, Christopher A. Jankowski
Summary: This study compared clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia or bloodstream infection who received beta-lactam antibiotic infusions with and without the guidance of therapeutic drug monitoring. The results showed that therapeutic drug monitoring decreased the odds of treatment failure, but also increased the risk of infection-related readmissions.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaonan Xu, Ni Lu, Pan Song, Mingzhen Zhou, Yuanxiao Li, Zirui Wang, Xin Gao
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of different treatments for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results showed that vancomycin or daptomycin combined with antistaphylococcal beta-lactam had slightly better efficacy than vancomycin or daptomycin alone, but with slightly higher adverse events. Other treatments, such as antistaphylococcal beta-lactam and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, did not show significant advantages compared to vancomycin or daptomycin treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuting Wang, Jingsong Xu, Li Cao, Shuang Yang, Lina Zhao, Lei He, Zhen Shen, Weiwei Lin, Bishen Shi, Qian Liu, Zhi Huang, Min Li, Hua Wang
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile and virulent pathogen. A nanoparticle-based culture-free method using vancomycin modified magnetic nanoparticles and droplet digital PCR was developed to rapidly concentrate and detect S. aureus in blood within 3 hours, significantly shortening the detection time compared to traditional methods. The limit of detection was as low as 10 CFU/mL, improving the diagnostic rate of bacteremia. This new method could be a promising tool for early identification and treatment guidance of S. aureus bloodstream infections, thereby reducing mortality.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Paul Williams, Alexis Tabah, Menino Osbert A. Cotta, Indy Sandaradura, Salmaan Kanji, Marc Scheetz, Sahand Imani, Muhammed Elhadi, Sonia Luque-Pardos, Natalie Schellack, Cristina Sanches, Jean-Francois Timsit, Jiao Xie, Andras Farkas, Kathryn Wilks, Jason Roberts
Summary: In recent years, dosing studies have been conducted to optimize therapeutic antibiotic exposures in patients with serious infections. This study aimed to describe the evolution of practice since the last international survey in 2015. A cross-sectional international survey was distributed to obtain information on practices used in the dosing, administration, and monitoring of commonly prescribed antibiotics. The results showed numerous changes in practice since the previous survey.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lauren Bjork, Teri Hopkins, Linda Yang, Chengwen Teng, Xavier Jones, Jose Cadena, Elizabeth Walter, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: This study compares the treatment failure rates of oral beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones for Enterobacterales bloodstream infections. The results show that the failure rates are comparable between the two groups. This study suggests that beta-lactams may be as effective as fluoroquinolones for the treatment of Enterobacterales BSI without the associated risks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kwadwo Mponponsuo, Kevin A. Brown, Daniel J. Fridman, Jennie Johnstone, Bradley J. Langford, Samantha M. Lee, Derek R. MacFadden, Samir N. Patel, Kevin L. Schwartz, Nick Daneman
Summary: In this study, the clinical outcomes of highly bioavailable oral antibiotics were compared with less-bioavailable options in patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections. The results showed that patients who received highly bioavailable antibiotics had significantly better clinical outcomes compared to those who received less-bioavailable options.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Nuno G. Alves, Americo J. S. Alves, Maria I. L. Soares, Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Meloa
Summary: Spirocyclic molecules, especially the spiro-lactams subclass, are highly valued for their complex three-dimensional features and structural rigidity, making them extensively explored for their bioactivity and utility in various scientific fields such as drug design and organic synthesis. Efforts have been made towards developing new synthetic strategies for spirocyclic lactams due to their broad potential, with significant advancements reported since 2015 in the synthesis of spiro-beta-lactams and spiro-delta-lactams.
ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Danielle Nader, Fajer Yousef, Nicola Kavanagh, Benedict K. Ryan, Steven W. Kerrigan
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus can internalize and persist within endothelial cells, but nanoparticles loaded with antibiotics show great potential in reducing intracellular growth of the bacteria.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pengxiang Zhou, Yinchu Cheng, Guangna Cao, Yan Xing, Suodi Zhai, Xiaomei Tong, Kehu Yang
Summary: This study investigated the use of extended infusion (EI) or continuous infusion (CI) strategies in the management of neonatal sepsis in China. The results showed that only one-third of the respondents implemented these strategies, and there was a lack of understanding of the stability of the infusions. The study also found that more frequent multidisciplinary team discussions about antibiotic use and the appropriate work time in the neonatal ward were associated with an increase in the use of EI/CI strategy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Agnese Giaccone, Ivan Gentile, Annalisa Saracino, Davide Fiore Bavaro
Summary: In the treatment of MRSA infections, daptomycin appears to be associated with a lower risk of clinical failure and treatment-limiting adverse events compared to vancomycin. Further studies are needed to better understand the differences between the two drugs.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Joseph P. Lynch, George G. Zhanel
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen that produces many virulence factors, causing tissue invasion, cytotoxicity, membrane damage, and intracellular persistence. MRSA is an important pathogen causing both community-acquired and healthcare-acquired infections, and it has spread globally over the past several decades. Factors contributing to MRSA spread include poor antimicrobial stewardship and inadequate infection control. The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant MRSA have limited treatment options.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Karen Tan, Emi Minejima, Mimi Lou, Wendy J. Mack, Paul Nieberg, Annie Wong-Beringer
Summary: This study demonstrated that IL-10 or TNF levels falling within the range in the upper quartiles, when combined with clinical variables, improved model performance for predicting outcomes in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). This suggests the potential for aggressive management and biomarker-guided studies to evaluate the benefit of adjunctive immunotherapy for SAB in the future.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
He-Ning Wu, Er-Yan Yuan, Wen-Bin Li, Min Peng, Qing-Yu Zhang, Ke-liang Xie
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the microbiological and clinical data of bloodstream infection (BSI) patients in an ICU in Tianjin, China. The results showed that Gram-negative bacteria had the highest drug resistance rate and resulted in more severe brain damage, renal function damage, and thrombocytopenia. The test index of procalcitonin (PCT) could be used to distinguish Gram-negative bacteremia from Gram-positive and differentiate bacteremia from fungemia, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katie J. Suda, Alfredo Traversa, Ursula Patel, Linda Poggensee, Margaret A. Fitzpatrick, Geneva M. Wilson, Charlesnika T. Evans
Summary: This study assessed the treatment trends for patients with CRE from 2012 to 2018. The findings revealed a decrease in the utilization of aminoglycosides and colistin, while there was an increase in the use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins and ceftazidime-avibactam. Moreover, significant uptake of ceftazidime-avibactam, a newly approved antibiotic, was observed for treating CRE infections.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
L. McKinley, C. C. Goedken, E. Balkenende, G. Clore, Sherlock S. Hockett, R. Bartel, S. Bradley, J. Judd, Goedken Lyons, C. Rock, M. Rubin, C. Shaughnessy, H. S. Reisinger, E. Perencevich, N. Safdar
Summary: This study used a mixed methods approach to examine daily environmental cleaning practices in healthcare facilities. The results revealed low cleaning rates, especially in the presence of patients and in semi-private rooms. Standardized cleaning practices are needed to address these barriers and improve cleaning rates.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Takaaki Kobayashi, John Heinemann, Alexandra Trannel, Alexandre R. Marra, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, William Etienne, Lorinda L. Sheeler, Oluchi Abosi, Stephanie Holley, Mary Beth Kukla, Angelique Dains, Kyle E. Jenn, Holly Meacham, Beth Hanna, Bradley Ford, Karen Brust, Melanie Wellington, Patrick G. Hartley, Daniel J. Diekema, Jorge L. Salinas
Summary: This study describes COVID-19 cases among nonphysician healthcare personnel (HCP) by their work location. The highest proportion of HCP with COVID-19 was found in the emergency department, while the lowest proportion was among those working remotely. COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units had similar proportions of HCP with COVID-19 (13%). Cases decreased across all work locations following COVID-19 vaccination.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kazuaki Jindai, Takahiro Itaya, Yusuke Ogawa, Tsukasa Kamitani, Shunichi Fukuhara, Michihiko Goto, Yosuke Yamamoto
Summary: This study assessed the impact of nationwide outpatient antimicrobial stewardship interventions on the prescription rates of unnecessary antimicrobials for respiratory infections and acute diarrhea. The interventions included financial incentives for providers and provider education. The study found that these interventions had an immediate effect on antimicrobial prescription rates but no long-term effect.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alexandre R. Marra, Gosia S. Clore, Erin Balkenende, Cassie Cunningham Goedken, Daniel J. Livorsi, Michihiko Goto, Mary S. Vaughan-Sarrazin, Ann Broderick, Eli N. Perencevich
Summary: This study aimed to estimate antibiotic use during the last 6 months of life for hospitalized patients under hospice or palliative care and identify potential targets for antibiotic stewardship. The data showed that within 14 days of placement or consultation, 41% of hospice patients and 48% of palliative care patients received at least one antibiotic.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marin L. Schweizer, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Linda Boyken, Jean Pottinger, Rachel Quinn, Daniel J. Diekema, Fiona Armstrong-Pavlik, Melissa Ward, Poorani Sekar, Michael C. Willey
Summary: We evaluated the effectiveness of povidone-iodine decolonization and patient satisfaction among fracture-fixation surgery patients. The results showed that povidone-iodine significantly reduced S. aureus concentrations, and a majority of patients felt neutral or positive about their experience with povidone-iodine.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michihiko Goto, Shinya Hasegawa, Erin C. Balkenende, Gosia S. Clore, Nasia Safdar, Eli N. Perencevich
Summary: Enhanced terminal room cleaning with UV-C disinfection is associated with a lower incidence rate of hospital-onset gram-negative rod bloodstream infection, although the effectiveness varies among hospitals. Further research is needed to identify the optimal implementation strategy.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Linda G. Snetselaar, Joshua J. Cheek, Sara Shuger Fox, Heather S. Healy, Marin L. Schweizer, Wei Bao, John Kamholz, Tyler J. Titcomb
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of different dietary approaches in managing MS-related fatigue and quality of life. The findings suggest that the Paleolithic, low-fat, and Mediterranean diets may reduce fatigue and improve physical and mental QoL. However, the low quality of the included trials limits the strength of these conclusions.
Article
Immunology
Daniel J. Diekema, Priya Nori, Michael P. Stevens, Matthew W. Smith, K. C. Coffey, Daniel J. Morgan
Summary: The recently updated practice recommendations for MRSA prevention list contact precautions (CPs) as an essential practice, but we argue that the current evidence does not support this recommendation. We suggest that CP be considered an additional approach and implemented under specific circumstances.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Karen B. Brust, Takaaki Kobayashi, Daniel J. Diekema
Summary: Due to the decline in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and severity of COVID-19, increased availability of vaccines and treatments, and better understanding of transmission pathways in healthcare settings, our hospital discontinued universal testing for all persons admitted to acute care hospitals. The decision was based on considerations of additional strain on resources, unintended adverse consequences for patients, and poor test performance for detection of infectiousness. No increase in hospital-onset COVID-19 has been observed since discontinuation of admission testing.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Allan. R. R. Brasier, Shannon. L. L. Casey, Peggy Hatfield, Patrick. W. W. Kelly, Whitney. A. A. Sweeney, Marin Schweizer, Bo Liu, Elizabeth. S. S. Burnside
Summary: This study proposes a model for developing leadership in translational teams (TTs) from team formation to dissemination and implementation. It identifies the stable impact of leadership behaviors on team development and emphasizes the importance of ongoing reflection, evaluation, and practice to enhance leadership skills. The study also provides a comprehensive multi-level evaluation framework to track the growth of TT leadership skills.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Margaret Carrel, Gosia S. Clore, Michihiko Goto, Seungwon Kim, Eli N. Perencevich, Mary Vaughan-Sarrazin
Summary: Using geocoded electronic health records and flood maps, this study examines the impact of Hurricane Matthew and flooding on infectious outcomes and antimicrobial prescribing in North Carolina veterans. The results indicate a decline in outpatient visits and antimicrobial prescribing in the weeks immediately after the hurricane, followed by an increase in antimicrobial prescribing in the subsequent weeks. Overall, the study suggests that hurricane and flood exposure had minor effects on infectious outcomes and antimicrobial prescribing.
DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kerri A. Thom, Clare Rock, Gwen L. Robinson, Heather R. S. Reisinger, Jure Baloh, Emily Chasco, Yuanyuan Liang, Shanshan Li, Daniel J. Diekema, Loreen A. Herwaldt, J. Kristie Johnson, Anthony D. Harris, Eli N. Perencevich
Summary: Applying ABHR directly to gloved hands can effectively reduce contamination compared to usual care, but it is slightly less effective than the gold standard. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization should consider advising healthcare personnel to use ABHR for decontamination during single-patient encounters.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
