Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samantha Gonzalez Delgado, Idalia Garza-Veloz, Fabiola Trejo-Vazquez, Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
Summary: This study aims to integrate scientific data on the role of the intestinal microbiota in regulating gut serotonin signaling and reuptake and its involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD. It is found that the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as an adjuvant therapy can improve disease activity and extraintestinal manifestations in IBD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Luo, Qiaoyue Yuan, Mingzhen Liu, Xingye Song, Yingjie Xu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoqun Zeng, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Yuxing Guo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel astaxanthin nanoparticle using gum arabic (GA) and whey protein powder enriched with milk fat globule membranes (MFGM-WPI) as carriers and investigated its effect and alleviation mechanism on colitis in mice. Results showed that MFGM-GA-astaxanthin effectively improved bioaccessibility of astaxanthin, reduced oxidative stress, alleviated colitis symptoms, repaired intestinal barrier function, and restored abnormalities of gut flora. This study provides a promising therapeutic approach for colon diseases using astaxanthin nanoparticles.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adelaide Teofani, Irene Marafini, Federica Laudisi, Daniele Pietrucci, Silvia Salvatori, Valeria Unida, Silvia Biocca, Giovanni Monteleone, Alessandro Desideri
Summary: This study investigated the impact of lifestyle and dietary habits on the intestinal microbiota diversity and relative abundance in patients with IBD, identifying specific confounders and covariates that influence the association between certain bacterial taxa and disease status. The results suggest that variables related to an IBD-associated lifestyle and dietary habits play a role in modulating the gut microbiota in IBD patients compared to healthy controls.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Luo, Qiaoyue Yuan, Mingzhen Liu, Xingye Song, Yingjie Xu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoqun Zeng, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Yuxing Guo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel astaxanthin nanoparticle using gum arabic and whey protein powder enriched with milk fat globule membranes as carriers, and investigate its effect and alleviation mechanism on colitis in mice. The study demonstrated that the nanoparticle could improve astaxanthin bioaccessibility and cope with oxidative stress more effectively. In vivo studies showed that the nanoparticle alleviated colitis symptoms, repaired intestinal barrier function, and restored the abnormalities of flora caused by dextran sulfate sodium. This study provides a basis for the therapeutic effect of astaxanthin nanoparticles on colon diseases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yinhua Ni, Yi Zhang, Liujie Zheng, Nianke Rong, Yuru Yang, Ping Gong, Yi Yang, Xuerong Siwu, Chenyang Zhang, Linxi Zhu, Zhengwei Fu
Summary: The effects of probiotic strains BL986 and LC122 on intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota in IBD zebrafish were investigated. The results showed that both probiotics improved intestinal mucosal barrier function and altered the composition and function of the microbiota in different IBD models. The impact of probiotics on IBD was influenced by the subtypes of IBD and the age of the zebrafish.
Review
Microbiology
Jasminka Talapko, Aleksandar Vcev, Tomislav Mestrovic, Emina Pustijanac, Melita Jukic, Ivana Skrlec
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health by participating in various physiological functions and acting as a metabolic organ. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota have been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The development of biological and immunomodulatory therapy has shown promising results in treating this condition, and lifestyle changes and novel approaches offer solutions for dysbiosis management.
Article
Immunology
Bingzhou Bao, Chao Zhu, Jian Shi, Canxing Lu
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). The results showed that IBD has a causal effect on HS, while HS does not affect IBD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tatsuki Noguchi, Soichiro Ishihara, Motoi Uchino, Hiroki Ikeuchi, Koji Okabayashi, Kitaro Futami, Shinji Tanaka, Hiroki Ohge, Hisashi Nagahara, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Michio Itabashi, Kinya Okamoto, Yoshiki Okita, Tsunekazu Mizushima, Yusuke Mizuuchi, Kazutaka Yamada, Yoshifumi Shimada, Yu Sato, Hideaki Kimura, Kenichi Takahashi, Koya Hida, Yusuke Kinugasa, Junji Okuda, Koji Daito, Fumikazu Koyama, Hideki Ueno, Takayuki Yamamoto, Tsunekazu Hanai, Atsuo Maemoto, Koji Oba, Yoichi Ajioka, Kenichi Sugihara
Summary: Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are at high risk of developing intestinal cancers. This study found significant differences between intestinal cancers associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease-associated cancers were diagnosed at more advanced stages, detected less frequently by surveillance, and had a poorer prognosis compared to those associated with ulcerative colitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Imteyaz Ahmad Khan, Baibaswata Nayak, Manasvini Markandey, Aditya Bajaj, Mahak Verma, Sambudhha Kumar, Mukesh Kumar Singh, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
Summary: Crohn's disease and Intestinal tuberculosis are chronic intestinal diseases with similar phenotype but diverse etiologies. This study found a higher prevalence of host gene polymorphisms and pathobionts in colonic mucosa of patients with CD compared to ITB.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alka A. Potdar, Shishir Dube, Takeo Naito, Katherine Li, Gregory Botwin, Talin Haritunians, Dalin Li, David Casero, Shaohong Yang, Janine Bilsborough, Jacqueline G. Perrigoue, Lee A. Denson, Mark Daly, Stephan R. Targan, Phillip Fleshner, Jonathan Braun, Subra Kugathasan, Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck, Dermot P. B. McGovern
Summary: The study identified differences in intestinal ACE2 expression levels in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, associated with inflammation and disease severity. Treatment with anti-cytokine therapy restored ACE2 expression, potentially impacting outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peishi Feng, Qiaoqiao Li, Ling Liu, Siyu Wang, Zhipeng Wu, Yi Tao, Pan Huang, Ping Wang
Summary: This study found that intake of 10 mg/kg crocetin worsened colitis in mice and affected gut microbiota composition and its metabolic products. Therefore, patients with gastrointestinal diseases should use crocetin with caution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
C. R. H. Hedin, E. Sonkoly, M. Eberhardson, M. Stahle
Summary: Psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are immune-mediated diseases with higher prevalence in northern Europe. Changes in gut microbiota play a key role in IBD pathogenesis, while genetic susceptibility has a greater impact on psoriasis.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vickie Lacroix, Alexis Cassard, Emmanuel Mas, Frederick Barreau
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex diseases involving gut microbiota dysbiosis. By incorporating the functional and integrative map of microbiota, researchers aim to develop personalized medicine and enhance the application of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Sara Federici, Denise Kviatcovsky, Rafael Valdes-Mas, Eran Elinav
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of auto-inflammatory disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract and other organs. The gut microbiome and specifically bacteriophages, which can infect bacteria, play a role in IBD pathology. Phage therapy shows potential in eradicating pathobionts associated with IBD, but further research is needed.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ayano Kondo, Siyuan Ma, Michelle Y. Y. Lee, Vivian Ortiz, Daniel Traum, Jonathan Schug, Benjamin Wilkins, Natalie A. Terry, Hongzhe Lee, Klaus H. Kaestner
Summary: This study used imaging mass cytometry platform to analyze multiple imaging of IBD and healthy intestinal tissues, revealing increased proliferation and HLA-DR expression in intestinal epithelia of IBD patients, positively correlated with inflammation severity. Neighborhood analysis showed enrichment of regulatory T cell interactions with macrophages, T cells, and plasma cells in IBD.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Barone, Andrea Iannone, Fernanda Cristofori, Vanessa Nadia Dargenio, Flavia Indrio, Elvira Verduci, Alfredo Di Leo, Ruggiero Francavilla
Summary: Most celiac patients have a normal BMI at presentation, and a gluten-free diet does not increase the risk of overweight or obesity, especially in children.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilaria Ditonno, Domenico Novielli, Francesca Celiberto, Salvatore Rizzi, Maria Rendina, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo, Giuseppe Losurdo
Summary: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic syndrome characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and various systemic extra-intestinal manifestations. The pathogenesis of FAP is associated with a loss of function mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and involves multiple mechanisms such as gut microbiota composition, immune microenvironment, inflammation, estrogen, and signaling pathways. Understanding these pathways can help develop targeted therapies and chemopreventive strategies to improve the quality of life for individuals and families affected by FAP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Celiberto, Giuseppe Losurdo, Maria Pricci, Bruna Girardi, Angela Marotti, Alfredo Di Leo, Enzo Ierardi
Summary: A paradigm shift is needed in the treatment of H. pylori infection due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Currently, sensitivity tests are not widely available, leading to empirical treatments without considering the need for accessibility of sensitivity tests. Genotypic resistance testing of fecal samples using molecular biology methods is less invasive and more acceptable to patients. This review aims to update the state of the art of molecular fecal susceptibility testing and discuss its potential benefits for large-scale deployment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Barone, Alfredo Di Leo, Marian A. E. de van der Schueren
Summary: Malnutrition is an important prognostic factor for survival in ALS patients. The GLIM criteria are used to define malnutrition and include parameters such as unintentional weight loss, low BMI, reduced muscle mass, decreased food intake, and inflammation. However, the reliability of muscle mass assessment is affected by muscle atrophy, and hypermetabolism in some patients can complicate energy requirement calculation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Losurdo, Natale Lino Bruno Caccavo, Giuseppe Indellicati, Francesca Celiberto, Enzo Ierardi, Michele Barone, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may affect the absorption of micronutrients, particularly vitamin B12, calcium, and vitamin D. A study found that long-term use of pantoprazole, a PPI, was associated with lower red blood cell count but similar hemoglobin levels. There were no significant differences in blood iron, ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate levels; however, vitamin D deficiency was more common in PPI users, with lower blood levels of vitamin D. Furthermore, PPI users had lower phosphate levels and a non-significant trend for zinc deficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Losurdo, Daniele Angelillo, Nicolas Favia, Maria Chiara Sergi, Alfredo Di Leo, Giacomo Triggiano, Marco Tucci
Summary: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is effective for solid tumors, but can cause side effects such as colitis. The severity of ICI enterocolitis is graded using the CTCAE system. Treatment for mild cases includes supportive therapy and for low-grade diarrhea includes symptomatic treatment and dietary changes. Severe cases may require corticosteroid treatment, and refractory cases may benefit from biological therapies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Linsalata, Giuseppe Riezzo, Antonella Orlando, Benedetta D'Attoma, Laura Prospero, Antonia Ignazzi, Giuseppe Losurdo, Alfredo Di Leo, Gianluigi Giannelli, Francesco Russo
Summary: The relationship between overweight/obesity and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear, but a modified intestinal barrier may play a significant role in the development of both conditions. Dietary interventions, such as a Low FODMAP Diet, are essential for managing overweight IBS-D.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giuseppe Losurdo, Milena Di Leo, Salvatore Rizzi, Ilaria Lacavalla, Francesca Celiberto, Andrea Iannone, Maria Rendina, Enzo Ierardi, Giuseppe Iabichino, Luca De Luca, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: Hereditary polyposis syndromes are inherited disorders that increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The best known ones include familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Peutz-Jeghers (PJS), juvenile polyposis, Cowden syndromes, and Lynch syndrome. Some of these disorders are characterized by an increased risk of small bowel polyps.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Michele Barone, Andrea Iannone, Martino Mezzapesa, Michele Milella, Francesco Di Gennaro, Grazia Niro, Rosa Cotugno, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Giuseppe Mennea, Maria Rendina, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: This study evaluated spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance and its associated factors and disease progression in HBeAg-negative patients with inactive infection in South Italy for the first time. The study found that patients with HBsAg levels <100 IU/mL had the highest probability of HBsAg seroclearance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Olga. P. Nyssen, Pietro Pratesi, Miguel. A. Spinola, Laimas Jonaitis, Angeles Perez-Aisa, Dino Vaira, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Matteo Pavoni, Giulia Fiorini, Bojan Tepes, Dmitry. S. Bordin, Irina Voynovan, Angel Lanas, Samuel. J. Martinez-Dominguez, Enrique Alfaro, Luis Bujanda, Manuel Pabon-Carrasco, Luis Hernandez, Antonio Gasbarrini, Juozas Kupcinskas, Frode Lerang, Sinead. M. Smith, Oleksiy Gridnyev, Marcis Leja, Theodore Rokkas, Ricardo Marcos-Pinto, Antonio Mestrovic, Wojciech Marlicz, Vladimir Milivojevic, Halis Simsek, Lumir Kunovsky, Veronika Papp, Perminder. S. Phull, Marino Venerito, Lyudmila Boyanova, Doron Boltin, Yaron Niv, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik, Michael Doulberis, Daniela Dobru, Vincent Lamy, Lisette. G. Capelle, Emilijia Nikolovska Trpchevska, Leticia Moreira, Anna Cano-Catalia, Pablo Parra, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Guillermo. J. Ortega, Javier. P. Gisbert
Summary: The segmentation of patients into homogeneous groups can improve the effectiveness of eradication therapy. The study aims to determine the most important treatment strategies used in Europe and evaluate the effectiveness of first-line treatments based on year and country. The analysis found that the overall treatment effectiveness increased from 87% in 2013 to 93% in 2022, with the highest effectiveness achieved in 2022 using bismuth-quadruple therapy in Spain. Cluster analysis identified homogeneous treatment groups and assessed the effectiveness of different first-line treatments.