Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shuze Chen, Xiuying Liu, Zhi Wang, Dekai Zheng, Ying Wang, Yiling Yan, Xiaojie Peng, Qiujuan Ye, Ye Chen
Summary: Through transcriptome analysis of human duodenal tissue, it was discovered that pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death, is involved in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CeD). The study also identified a T cell subset and signaling pathways associated with pyroptosis. This research provides novel evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of CeD.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Franziska Schauer, Georgia Tasiopoulou, Daniel Schuster, Max Behrens, Sabine Mueller, Dimitra Kiritsi
Summary: DH is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder that represents the cutaneous manifestation of celiac disease. This study evaluated the diagnostic benefits of using monkey oesophagus or liver tissue as substrates in patients with DH. The results showed that monkey liver substrate is well suitable for DH diagnostics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fardowsa Abdi, Saania Zuberi, Jedid-Jah Blom, David Armstrong, Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez
Summary: A gluten-free diet is essential for treating celiac disease and may improve symptoms in non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity. However, adopting a gluten-free diet or a gluten-restricted diet may increase the risk of malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, patients with these conditions should undergo nutritional assessment and monitoring, and receive multidisciplinary care for long-term nutrition management.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elisa Farina, Leda Roncoroni, Vincenza Lombardo, Alice Scricciolo, Maurizio Vecchi, Luisa Doneda, Luca Elli
Summary: This study evaluated the significance of tTGA in monitoring celiac disease patients and found that tTGA positivity did not have relevant clinical significance, with no association with autoimmune comorbidities or mucosal damage.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Detlef Schuppan, Markku Maki, Knut E. A. Lundin, Jorma Isola, Tina Friesing-Sosnik, Juha Taavela, Alina Popp, Jari Koskenpato, Jost Langhorst, Oistein Hovde, Marja-Leena Lahdeaho, Stefano Fusco, Michael Schumann, Helga P. Torok, Juozas Kupcinskas, Yurdagul Zopf, Ansgar W. Lohse, Mika Scheinin, Karin Kull, Luc Biedermann, Valerie Byrnes, Andreas Stallmach, Jorgen Jahnsen, Jonas Zeitz, Ralf Mohrbacher, Roland Greinwald
Summary: In this study, treatment with ZED1227, a selective oral transglutaminase 2 inhibitor, was found to attenuate gluten-induced duodenal mucosal damage in patients with celiac disease at all three dose levels, with the highest dose potentially improving symptoms and quality of life for patients. Common adverse events included headache, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and rash in a small percentage of patients.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peter H. R. Green, Shirley Paski, Cynthia W. Ko, Alberto Rubio-Tapia
Summary: This article summarizes the diagnosis and management of refractory celiac disease, providing guidance on evaluation, nutritional support, potential therapeutic options, and surveillance for complications. The article emphasizes the importance of regular follow-up and multidisciplinary care for patients with refractory celiac disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mauro Giuffre, Silvia Gazzin, Caterina Zoratti, John Paul Llido, Giuseppe Lanza, Claudio Tiribelli, Rita Moretti
Summary: Celiac disease is a complex multi-organ disease that can involve the neurological and psychiatric systems. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and the gut-liver-brain axis play important roles in the neurological manifestations of celiac disease. There is still debate on the use of serological and neurophysiological findings for the early diagnosis and monitoring of celiac disease-related neurological involvement, but most symptoms can be reversed with a strict gluten-free diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Casey B. Rogers, Nina Meyerhoff, Holger A. Volk
Summary: This study reports cases of paroxysmal gluten-sensitive dyskinesia in dog breeds other than Border Terriers. Out of the 31 dogs tested, 14 showed signs of gluten sensitivity and responded positively to a gluten-free diet.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Arathi Kulkarni, Shuchi Patel, Deepesh Khanna, Mayur S. Parmar
Summary: Celiac Disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the consumption of gluten, leading to inflammation in the small intestine. The current treatment recommendation is to avoid gluten-based products, as there is no FDA-approved medication for CeD. However, several clinical trials are underway to develop pharmacological approaches to treat CeD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Laryssa Rosa de Sousa Franckilin, Anna Clara Paiva Menezes Dos Santos, Flavio Eduardo Dias Araujo Freitas, Isabela Garbazza Vieira, Carlos Eduardo de Freitas Jorge, Daniela Godoy Neri, Maria Vitoria Cota de Abreu, Janaina Koenen Fonseca, Renato Guimaraes Loffi, Giselle Foureaux
Summary: Gluten, the most common protein in wheat, is associated with celiac disease, wheat allergy, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. These disorders have similar clinical manifestations but differ in development pathways and diagnostic criteria. A gluten-free diet is the most effective treatment for celiac disease and may also lead to improvements in neuropathologies and the gut microbiome.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele J. Alkalay
Summary: Lactose malabsorption, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and irritable bowel syndrome are conditions associated with food triggers and can cause nutritional detriments. This review provides an overview of the complex nutritional elements of these disorders, which is critical for medical providers to recognize.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jocelyn A. Silvester, Amelie Therrien, Ciaran P. Kelly
Summary: Our understanding of the pathophysiology of celiac disease has greatly improved in the past 25 years, but there are still misconceptions about the clinical characteristics and management. Global epidemiological data now show that celiac disease is widespread, and an elevated body mass index is common at the time of diagnosis. The gluten-free diet is an imperfect treatment for celiac disease, as not all individuals respond to it.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emilio J. Laserna-Mendieta, Maria Jose Casanova, Angel Arias, Laura Arias-Gonzalez, Pedro Majano, Luis Alberto Mate, Carlos Humberto Gordillo-Velez, Mirella Jimenez, Teresa Angueira, Emilia Tebar-Romero, Maria Jesus Carrillo-Ramos, Maria angeles Tejero-Bustos, Javier P. Gisbert, Cecilio Santander, Alfredo J. Lucendo
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of using fecal gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) to detect duodenal lesions in celiac disease (CD) patients on a long-lasting gluten-free diet (GFD). The results showed that GIP displayed low sensitivity but acceptable specificity for the detection of mucosal damage in CD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Talipova, Aiganym Smagulova, Dimitri Poddighe
Summary: This review discusses the potential role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immunopathogenesis of CD. Although evidence from basic research is limited, differences in TLR expression and activation have been observed between active CD patients and controls or treated CD patients in some clinical studies. Therefore, TLRs may be part of the non-HLA-related genetic factors implicated in CD pathogenesis, considering their potential role in the interaction between the host immune system and environmental factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valentina Ponzo, Ilario Ferrocino, Ilaria Goitre, Marianna Pellegrini, Mauro Bruno, Marco Astegiano, Gianni Cadario, Eleonora Castellana, Fabio Bioletto, Maria Rita Corvaglia, Patrizia Malfa, Luca Cocolin, Ezio Ghigo, Simona Bo
Summary: By conducting a double-blind placebo-controlled gluten challenge test, this study found that almost half of individuals suspected of gluten sensitivity reported symptoms even with the placebo. These individuals showed lower mental health scores, increased risk for eating disorders, and a different gut microbiota composition compared to placebo-responsive participants.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilaria Ditonno, Domenico Novielli, Francesca Celiberto, Salvatore Rizzi, Maria Rendina, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo, Giuseppe Losurdo
Summary: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetic syndrome characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and various systemic extra-intestinal manifestations. The pathogenesis of FAP is associated with a loss of function mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and involves multiple mechanisms such as gut microbiota composition, immune microenvironment, inflammation, estrogen, and signaling pathways. Understanding these pathways can help develop targeted therapies and chemopreventive strategies to improve the quality of life for individuals and families affected by FAP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Celiberto, Giuseppe Losurdo, Maria Pricci, Bruna Girardi, Angela Marotti, Alfredo Di Leo, Enzo Ierardi
Summary: A paradigm shift is needed in the treatment of H. pylori infection due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Currently, sensitivity tests are not widely available, leading to empirical treatments without considering the need for accessibility of sensitivity tests. Genotypic resistance testing of fecal samples using molecular biology methods is less invasive and more acceptable to patients. This review aims to update the state of the art of molecular fecal susceptibility testing and discuss its potential benefits for large-scale deployment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Barone, Alfredo Di Leo, Marian A. E. de van der Schueren
Summary: Malnutrition is an important prognostic factor for survival in ALS patients. The GLIM criteria are used to define malnutrition and include parameters such as unintentional weight loss, low BMI, reduced muscle mass, decreased food intake, and inflammation. However, the reliability of muscle mass assessment is affected by muscle atrophy, and hypermetabolism in some patients can complicate energy requirement calculation.
Article
Virology
Davide Fiore Bavaro, Lucia Diella, Alessandra Belati, Giuliana Metrangolo, Laura De Santis, Vito Spada, Michele Camporeale, Angelo Dargenio, Gaetano Brindicci, Flavia Balena, Deborah Fiordelisi, Fabio Signorile, Giacomo Loseto, Crescenza Pasciolla, Carla Minoia, Immacolata Attolico, Tommasina Perrone, Simona Simone, Maria Rendina, Nicoletta Giovine, Francesco Di Gennaro, Pellegrino Musto, Attilio Guarini, Alfredo Di Leo, Loreto Gesualdo, Maria Dell'Aera, Annalisa Saracino
Summary: Remdesivir (REM) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may alleviate severe COVID-19 in at-risk hospitalized patients, particularly in elderly or immunocompromised hosts. The use of REM and mAbs was associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19, and the combination therapy was particularly beneficial for immunocompromised patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Losurdo, Natale Lino Bruno Caccavo, Giuseppe Indellicati, Francesca Celiberto, Enzo Ierardi, Michele Barone, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may affect the absorption of micronutrients, particularly vitamin B12, calcium, and vitamin D. A study found that long-term use of pantoprazole, a PPI, was associated with lower red blood cell count but similar hemoglobin levels. There were no significant differences in blood iron, ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate levels; however, vitamin D deficiency was more common in PPI users, with lower blood levels of vitamin D. Furthermore, PPI users had lower phosphate levels and a non-significant trend for zinc deficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Losurdo, Daniele Angelillo, Nicolas Favia, Maria Chiara Sergi, Alfredo Di Leo, Giacomo Triggiano, Marco Tucci
Summary: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is effective for solid tumors, but can cause side effects such as colitis. The severity of ICI enterocolitis is graded using the CTCAE system. Treatment for mild cases includes supportive therapy and for low-grade diarrhea includes symptomatic treatment and dietary changes. Severe cases may require corticosteroid treatment, and refractory cases may benefit from biological therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Celiberto, Adriana Aloisio, Bruna Girardi, Maria Pricci, Andrea Iannone, Francesco Russo, Giuseppe Riezzo, Benedetta D'Attoma, Enzo Ierardi, Giuseppe Losurdo, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in developed countries and is strongly influenced by dietary habits. Inadequate fiber intake in Western countries may contribute to the increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Daily fiber intake has been inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer, and dietary interventions based on high-fiber diets have shown promising results in preventing the development of this type of cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rossella Donghia, Pasqua Letizia Pesole, Antonino Castellaneta, Sergio Coletta, Francesco Squeo, Caterina Bonfiglio, Giovanni De Pergola, Roberta Rinaldi, Sara De Nucci, Gianluigi Giannelli, Alfredo Di Leo, Rossella Tatoli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between food intake and liver disease, and evaluate the differences in blood parameters among different age groups and steatosic condition. The results showed significant variations in both dietary habits and blood parameters between adult and elderly groups.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Linsalata, Giuseppe Riezzo, Antonella Orlando, Benedetta D'Attoma, Laura Prospero, Antonia Ignazzi, Giuseppe Losurdo, Alfredo Di Leo, Gianluigi Giannelli, Francesco Russo
Summary: The relationship between overweight/obesity and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear, but a modified intestinal barrier may play a significant role in the development of both conditions. Dietary interventions, such as a Low FODMAP Diet, are essential for managing overweight IBS-D.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giuseppe Losurdo, Milena Di Leo, Salvatore Rizzi, Ilaria Lacavalla, Francesca Celiberto, Andrea Iannone, Maria Rendina, Enzo Ierardi, Giuseppe Iabichino, Luca De Luca, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: Hereditary polyposis syndromes are inherited disorders that increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The best known ones include familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Peutz-Jeghers (PJS), juvenile polyposis, Cowden syndromes, and Lynch syndrome. Some of these disorders are characterized by an increased risk of small bowel polyps.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Michele Barone, Andrea Iannone, Martino Mezzapesa, Michele Milella, Francesco Di Gennaro, Grazia Niro, Rosa Cotugno, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Giuseppe Mennea, Maria Rendina, Alfredo Di Leo
Summary: This study evaluated spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance and its associated factors and disease progression in HBeAg-negative patients with inactive infection in South Italy for the first time. The study found that patients with HBsAg levels <100 IU/mL had the highest probability of HBsAg seroclearance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Olga. P. Nyssen, Pietro Pratesi, Miguel. A. Spinola, Laimas Jonaitis, Angeles Perez-Aisa, Dino Vaira, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Matteo Pavoni, Giulia Fiorini, Bojan Tepes, Dmitry. S. Bordin, Irina Voynovan, Angel Lanas, Samuel. J. Martinez-Dominguez, Enrique Alfaro, Luis Bujanda, Manuel Pabon-Carrasco, Luis Hernandez, Antonio Gasbarrini, Juozas Kupcinskas, Frode Lerang, Sinead. M. Smith, Oleksiy Gridnyev, Marcis Leja, Theodore Rokkas, Ricardo Marcos-Pinto, Antonio Mestrovic, Wojciech Marlicz, Vladimir Milivojevic, Halis Simsek, Lumir Kunovsky, Veronika Papp, Perminder. S. Phull, Marino Venerito, Lyudmila Boyanova, Doron Boltin, Yaron Niv, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik, Michael Doulberis, Daniela Dobru, Vincent Lamy, Lisette. G. Capelle, Emilijia Nikolovska Trpchevska, Leticia Moreira, Anna Cano-Catalia, Pablo Parra, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Guillermo. J. Ortega, Javier. P. Gisbert
Summary: The segmentation of patients into homogeneous groups can improve the effectiveness of eradication therapy. The study aims to determine the most important treatment strategies used in Europe and evaluate the effectiveness of first-line treatments based on year and country. The analysis found that the overall treatment effectiveness increased from 87% in 2013 to 93% in 2022, with the highest effectiveness achieved in 2022 using bismuth-quadruple therapy in Spain. Cluster analysis identified homogeneous treatment groups and assessed the effectiveness of different first-line treatments.