Review
Oncology
Xinhe Zhang, Lin Guan, Haoyu Tian, Zilu Zeng, Jiayu Chen, Die Huang, Ji Sun, Jiaqi Guo, Huipeng Cui, Yiling Li
Summary: HCC is a common cancer with increasing incidence caused by HBV and HCV infections, liver cirrhosis, and metabolic risk factors. Predictive factors can assess the risk of HCC, and prevention strategies include vaccination, antiviral treatment, and HCC management to reduce recurrence.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Marco Y. W. Zaki, Ahmed M. Fathi, Samara Samir, Nardeen Eldafashi, Kerolis Y. William, Maiiada Hassan Nazmy, Moustafa Fathy, Upkar S. Gill, Shishir Shetty
Summary: HBV and HCV infections are the most common risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their distribution affects the global prevalence of this type of liver cancer. Hepatitis infections elicit immune responses within the liver microenvironment, and persistent viral infection leads to chronic liver inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Article
Oncology
Yuan-Hung Kuo, Tzu-Hsin Huang, Jing-Houng Wang, Yen-Yang Chen, Ming-Chao Tsai, Yen-Hao Chen, Sheng-Nan Lu, Tsung-Hui Hu, Chien-Hung Chen, Chao-Hung Hung
Summary: This study confirms that while HCV-HCC patients may have a better prognosis when using sorafenib, there is no difference in prognosis between HBV-HCC and HCV-HCC patients when it comes to controlling viral load. The control of viral load is associated with prognosis, while HBV or HCV infection is not.
Review
Immunology
Zelin Tian, Chen Xu, Peijun Yang, Zhibin Lin, Wenlong Wu, Wenjie Zhang, Jian Ding, Rui Ding, Xuan Zhang, Kefeng Dou
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), caused by viral hepatitis, alcoholic, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Viral hepatitis accounts for 80% of HCC cases globally. NAFLD has become the most common liver disease and major risk factor for HCC in developed countries. This review discusses the specific and similar pathogenesis mechanisms of viral hepatitis-induced HCC and NAFLD-induced HCC, including viral proteins, genetic factors, epigenetic modifications, and abnormal lipid metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonardo Stella, Francesco Santopaolo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Pompili, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health challenge, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus infections being the main risk factors. Non-viral and viral risk factors, damaged cellular microenvironment, immune system dysregulation, and alterations of the gut-liver-axis are involved in liver cancer development. Chronic viral hepatitis infected patients have a higher risk of cancer incidence compared to other liver disease etiologies, emphasizing the importance of proper surveillance for early diagnosis of HCC.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Coskun Ozer Demirtas, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto
Summary: HCC risk stratification can be achieved through various scoring systems, but their optimal performance is limited to populations with highly homogenous characteristics, posing a major obstacle to their sustainable use in clinical practice.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Kenji Imai, Koji Takai, Takao Miwa, Toshihide Maeda, Tatsunori Hanai, Yohei Shirakami, Atsushi Suetsugu, Masahito Shimizu
Summary: This study aimed to identify risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic livers among viral hepatitis patients. Factors such as age, male sex, VATI, HbA1c, hypertension, and HBV etiology were found to be independent risk factors for HCC in non-cirrhotic livers. High accumulation of visceral adipose tissue was identified as a risk factor for HCC in non-cirrhotic patients.
Review
Oncology
Ottovon Bismark Dakurah, Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou, Moleen Zunza, Wolfgang Preiser, Tongai Gibson Maponga
Summary: This study aimed to systematically summarize the changes in the prevalence of viral hepatitis among HCC patients in Africa over the past four decades (1980-2019). The results showed a decrease in the incidence of HBV-related HCC and an increase in HCV-related HCC, highlighting the importance of continued monitoring and prevention programs in Africa to address these trends.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaomi Li, Jingyan Wang, Xiaoyan Ding, Yawen Xu, Minghua Yu, Hongxiao Wu, Na Deng, Wei Li, Jinglong Chen
Summary: The clinical efficacy of lenvatinib was compared between hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC. The study found that patients with HBV-HCC had higher objective response rate and disease control rate compared to HCV-HCC, but there were no significant differences in progression-free survival and overall survival between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis identified HBV infection and antiviral time > 5 years as independent favorable factors for progression-free survival. Overall, lenvatinib seemed to be more effective in HBV-related HCC compared to HCV-related HCC.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Angelo Zambam de Mattos, Jose D. Debes, Andre Boonstra, Ju-Dong Yang, Domingo C. Balderramo, Giovana D. P. Sartori, Angelo Alves de Mattos
Summary: Chronic infections caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses are major contributors to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Effective measures to reduce the burden of viral hepatitis-related HCC include universal vaccination against hepatitis B, identification and treatment of infected individuals, and surveillance of high-risk groups for early detection of tumors.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Giacomo Emanuele Maria Rizzo, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Antonio Craxi
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with or without liver cirrhosis, through various mechanisms. The molecular profile of HBV-HCC is constantly being studied, and it is the result of altered molecular pathways, changes in the microenvironment, and DNA damage. Proper management of HBV-related liver disease is crucial for prevention and treatment of HCC.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Abhilash Perisetti, Hemant Goyal, Rachana Yendala, Ragesh B. Thandassery, Emmanouil Giorgakis
Summary: Primary liver cancers, specifically Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While HCC mostly develops within the hepatic parenchyma, a portion may arise in a non-cirrhotic milieu known as non-cirrhotic-HCC (NCHCC). NCHCC is often diagnosed late due to lack of surveillance and is linked to factors like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, and viral infections such as chronic Hepatitis B. Early identification and monitoring strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in NCHCC patients.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Erwan Vo Quang, Yusuke Shimakawa, Pierre Nahon
Summary: Hepatitis B and C are prominent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in different regions, with a goal to eliminate viral hepatitis globally by 2030. Measures like vaccination, antiviral therapies, and liver cancer screening programs are crucial in reducing the burden of HCC worldwide.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Virology
Song-Huy Nguyen-Dinh, Wei-Feng Li, Yueh-Wei Liu, Chih-Chi Wang, Yen-Hao Chen, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung
Summary: Epidemiological data suggest that there are etiological variations of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in different geographic areas, which may be associated with different outcomes. This study compared the viral etiology, clinicopathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes between Taiwanese and Vietnamese patients with HCC. The results showed that although the viral etiology and clinicopathological characteristics differed, the postoperative overall survival was comparable between patients in Taiwan and Vietnam.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edina Amponsah-Dacosta
Summary: Eliminating viral hepatitis in sub-Saharan Africa by 2030 is challenging due to the high burden of chronic HBV carriers and the risk of HCC. Increasing coverage of HBV vaccination and improving early diagnosis and care for high-risk individuals is crucial in reducing new cases. Without intervention, HCC incidence and mortality rates in the region are projected to double by 2040, highlighting the urgent need for public health attention.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Maisuri T. Chalid, Turyadi, Susan I. Ie, Rizalinda Sjahril, Ridha Wahyuni, M. Nasrum Massi, David H. Muljono
Summary: This study examines the HBV characteristics and potential risk of mother-to-child transmission among HBeAg-negative/HBsAg-positive expectant mothers in an area with a high prevalence of e-CHB. It highlights the importance of considering antiviral prophylaxis eligibility in situations with limited resources and in regions where e-CHB is prevalent, as some HBeAg-negative mothers may still pose a high transmission risk.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natalia Rosso, Claudio Tiribelli
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Loraine Kay D. Cabral, Pablo J. Giraudi, Gianluigi Giannelli, Francesco Dituri, Roberto Negro, Claudio Tiribelli, Caecilia H. C. Sukowati
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) heterogeneity. In silico analysis identified 16 proto-oncogenes as potential pharmacological targets. In vitro experiments evaluated the effect of three treatment modalities on the expression of the proto-oncogene targets. The results showed that certain targets were consistently upregulated in HCC cells, and different treatments had varying effects on these targets, suggesting that targeting cellular heterogeneity may be important for HCC therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Endrit Shahini, Giuseppe Pasculli, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Claudio Tiribelli, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Gianluigi Giannelli
Summary: HCC is the most common primary liver cancer, and its mortality rate is increasing globally. Early diagnosis is critical, and combining novel biomarkers with traditional ones can enhance HCC detection sensitivity. Developing new diagnostic tools and prognostic scores may improve patients' survival.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mauro Giuffre, Rita Moretti, Claudio Tiribelli
Summary: The human gut microbiome is important for human health and is the subject of increasing research. Omics-based methods, such as metagenomics and metabolomics, are commonly used for studying the gut microbiome due to their ability to provide high-throughput and high-resolution data. However, there are challenges in using machine learning-based approaches to analyze the relationship between microbiota and disease, such as small sample sizes and inconsistent experimental protocols. Efforts are being made to address these challenges, including the construction of data repositories and improved data transparency guidelines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
John Paul Llido, Emanuela Fioriti, Devis Pascut, Mauro Giuffre, Cristina Bottin, Fabrizio Zanconati, Claudio Tiribelli, Silvia Gazzin
Summary: Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can lead to brain damage and cause motor, cognitive, and auditory abnormalities. Bilirubin has been found to control the genetic development of the cerebellum, which is susceptible to bilirubin-induced damage. This study expands the research on the impact of bilirubin on postnatal brain development in regions that correlate with human symptoms. The findings show temporary alterations in gene expression in areas related to memory, learning, cognition, and auditory functions, but permanent changes in areas controlling movements, which coincide with clinical descriptions of bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity.
Article
Biology
Agustiningsih Agustiningsih, Irene Lorinda Indalao, Krisnanur A. A. Pangesti, Caecilia H. C. Sukowati, Ririn Ramadhany
Summary: This study describes the influenza infection among Indonesian pilgrims upon arrival and the genetic characterization of imported influenza A/H3N2 virus. Results show that 39.5% of the samples tested positive for influenza virus, with no detection of MERS-CoV. Mutations in the HA gene mainly occurred within antigenic sites A, B, and D. No mutations related to oseltamivir resistance were observed in the NA gene. These findings suggest continuous mutation of the influenza A/H3N2 virus over time.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caecilia Sukowati, Loraine Kay D. Cabral, Beatrice Anfuso, Francesco Dituri, Roberto Negro, Gianluigi Giannelli, Claudio Tiribelli
Summary: This study investigates the potential of a combination strategy using immunotherapy and epigenetic reprogramming against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results show that combination therapy of PD-L1 silencing and 5-AZA treatment can effectively inhibit the growth of HCC cells, indicating its potential use as a treatment for heterogeneous HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John Paul Llido, Sri Jayanti, Claudio Tiribelli, Silvia Gazzin
Summary: Cellular redox status plays a crucial role in brain physiology and pathology. Physiological aging disrupts cellular redox balance and reduces antioxidant defenses, making the central nervous system more vulnerable to diseases. Lifestyle changes to reduce free radical accumulation and antioxidant supplementation are highly recommended for brain health. Bilirubin, an endogenous antioxidant, has multiple roles as a biomarker of disease resistance, predictor of mortality, and promoter of health in adults. Changes in bilirubin production and blood levels are frequently observed in neurological conditions and neurodegenerative diseases in aging, potentially influencing disease progression. Understanding the role of bilirubin in these diseases will provide insights for therapeutic manipulation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanna Mangiapane, Devis Pascut, Emiliano Dalla, Giulia Antoniali, Monica Degrassi, Lory Saveria Croce, Veronica De Sanctis, Silvano Piazza, Giulia Canarutto, Claudio Tiribelli, Gianluca Tell
Summary: This study investigates the prognostic value of APE1 in HCC and identifies miRNAs regulated by APE1 that are associated with cell proliferation, transformation, and angiogenesis. The overexpression of APE1 in HCC tissues and the correlation between specific miRNAs and lower overall survival in HCC patients are discovered.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sri Jayanti, Camilla Dalla Verde, Claudio Tiribelli, Silvia Gazzin
Summary: Dopamine, a well-known neurotransmitter, plays a crucial role in Parkinson's disease and various mental and physical activities. Inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for neuronal malfunctioning and cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. Bilirubin, an endogenous defense, has been found to possess anti-inflammatory activity and prevent dopamine neuron demise. This review aims to understand the links between dopamine, inflammation (specifically TNFa), and bilirubin as an anti-inflammatory and explore strategies to preserve dopamine homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Korri E. El-Khobar, Caecilia H. C. Sukowati
Summary: Liver cancer is a common and challenging disease with limited therapy options. Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include chronic viral infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disease. Current therapies for advanced HCC have improved, but there is a need for more targeted drug therapy. Liver organoids, a three-dimensional cell culture model, have revolutionized cancer research and provide a relevant model for drug screening and personalized medicine. However, there are limitations such as cost and availability of origin tissues. Despite these limitations, liver organoids offer promise for developing effective HCC therapies and understanding liver diseases.
TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
(2023)
