Article
Energy & Fuels
Chaowei Ma, Fengxia Zhang, Huili Liu, Jianhang Hu, Shiliang Yang, Hua Wang
Summary: In this study, the pyrolysis performance and mechanism of waste tobacco stem (WTS) was investigated through slow pyrolysis experiments at temperatures ranging from 400 to 800 degrees C. The results showed that the slow pyrolysis of WTS involved the degradation of biomass macromolecules, the re-cracking of small molecules, and various other reactions. Nitrogen-containing intermediates produced during pyrolysis were transformed into nitrogenous compounds through condensation and recombination reactions. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the efficient utilization of WTS.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marta Marcinczyk, Patryk Oleszczuk
Summary: Biochar can be utilized to produce controlled-release fertilizers and contribute to resource utilization and environmental protection through co-application with synthetic fertilizers. This review describes the methods for producing biochar fertilizers and highlights the potential toxic risks on plants and soil organisms.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wen-Wen Tian, Feng Xu, Si-Jia Xing, Ruoxin Wu, Zhong-Yong Yuan
Summary: This study focuses on the thermal decomposition of tobacco wastes and their potential as bioenergy feedstocks. Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted on waste tobacco leaves and stems in different atmospheres. The results show that waste tobacco can be considered a potential bio-feedstock energy source, with calculated activation energies ranging from 151.32-185.63 kJ mol-1. Additionally, the microstructure and properties of residual biochar after pyrolysis were investigated, indicating its potential applications in catalysis, adsorption, and energy storage fields.
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hang Gao, Jing Bai, Yuanxia Wei, Wencheng Chen, Lefei Li, Guilin Huang, Pan Li, Chun Chang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of volumetric drying and surface drying pretreatment on the microwave pyrolytic characteristics of tobacco stems. The results show that microwave drying has a higher drying rate, resulting in higher yields of bio-oil and solids, and lower yield of non-condensable gases. Microwave drying also reduces the water content of bio-oil and improves its stability.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jinlong Du, Fengxia Zhang, Jianhang Hu, Shiliang Yang, Huili Liu, Hua Wang
Summary: Industrial hemp stems and polyvinyl chloride can be heat-treated to produce cylindrical biochar-based briquette. The co-pyrolysis of these two materials results in a significant mass loss and produces large amounts of volatiles. The addition of polyvinyl chloride improves the durability and high heating value of the biochar-based briquette. This study suggests that biochar-based briquette has potential applications in bioenergy production.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shukla Neha, Neelancherry Remya
Summary: In this study, microwave co-pyrolysis of food-waste and plastic was conducted using recycled biochar as a susceptor, resulting in the co-production of biooil and biochar. The recirculation of biochar had a significant impact on the yield and properties of the end products, as well as the composition of volatile matter and oxygenated compounds in the biooil.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Premchand Premchand, Francesca Demichelis, David Chiaramonti, Samir Bensaid, Debora Fino
Summary: The replacement of inert gas by CO2 in pyrolysis has attracted attention due to its positive effects on end products. The reactive nature of CO2 at higher temperatures improves gas production and reduces char yield. However, the impact of CO2 on biochar production and properties in slow pyrolysis of organic wastes is not well-understood. This review aims to investigate the effect of CO2 atmosphere on slow pyrolysis performance and compare it with an inert atmosphere, focusing on biochar yield and properties for environmental and agricultural applications.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Fasih Ullah Haider, Jeffrey A. Coulter, Liqun Cai, Saddam Hussain, Sardar Alam Cheema, Jun Wu, Renzhi Zhang
Summary: This review explores the use of biochar as an effective additive for improving low-fertility soils and promoting plant growth. It discusses the methods and conditions for biochar production, as well as the effects of pyrolysis temperature, feedstock type, and retention time on the properties of biochar. The review also highlights the various ways in which biochar can enhance soil physical and chemical properties, improve plant nutrient uptake and growth, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, minimize plant diseases, and facilitate the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The possible mechanisms for biochar-induced soil and plant improvement are described, and the challenges associated with biochar utilization are discussed.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Diptiprakash Sahoo, Neelancherry Remya
Summary: The present study found that microwave pyrolysis of rice husk can produce high-quality biochar with high heating value and fuel ratio. Additionally, the microwave pyrolysis alters the properties of rice husk and biochar, making them a potential source of energy and soil amendment.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jingjing Ma, Shuai Zhang, Xiangjun Liu, Junqi Wang
Summary: This study employed machine learning models to predict and model 13 selected variables and revealed the relationships between variables through partial dependence analysis. The gradient boosting decision tree and Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation neural network performed well in predicting biochar yield. The highest treatment temperature can serve as a guiding factor for regulating biochar yield.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Siraprapa Suwanree, Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg, Pornnapa Kasemsiri, Wasawat Kraithong, Prinya Chindaprasirt, Kaewta Jetsrisuparb
Summary: The conversion of sugarcane leaves into biochar-based slow release phosphorus fertilizer via pyrolysis can effectively mitigate the environmental burden of in-field burning. Pre- and post-pyrolysis treatments, including the addition of MgO and DAP, were found to enhance the slow release of phosphorus, making the engineered biochars attractive as P sources for crops.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marta Marcinczyk, Patrycja Krasucka, Aleksandra Bogusz, Beata Tomczyk, Wenyan Duan, Bo Pan, Patryk Oleszczuk
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of different methods of zinc-modified biochar (BC-Zn). Invertebrates (Folsomia candida, Daphnia magna) and bacteria (Aliivibrio fischeri) were used to assess the toxicity of different BC-Zn treatments. The post-treated and calcined composites had higher levels of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (C-tot PAHs) compared to the pre-modified BC-Zn, but they had limited impact on the luminescence activity of bacteria.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nurhayati Abdullah, Rahmad Mohd Taib, Nur Syairah Mohamad Aziz, Muhammad Rabie Omar, Nurhafizah Md Disa
Summary: This study evaluated the properties of banana pseudo-stem (BPS) biochar derived from fast and slow pyrolysis processes. The results showed that biochar yield decreased as the pyrolysis temperature increased. Fast pyrolysis resulted in a higher percentage of biochar compared to slow pyrolysis at a similar temperature of 500 degrees C. The biochar derived from slow pyrolysis had higher carbon content, heating value, and surface area, as well as lower ash content, indicating its potential suitability for soil amelioration and solid biofuel applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sabah Mariyam, Mohammad Alherbawi, Snigdhendubala Pradhan, Tareq Al-Ansari, Gordon McKay
Summary: Research on generating value from wastes through pyrolysis has been growing. Biochar, a versatile pyrolysis product, is influenced by various process parameters. Predicting biochar yield based on these parameters is crucial. Existing models consider operating temperature but neglect the combined effect of biomass characteristics and conditions. This study aims to develop a prediction model based on fixed carbon content, reaction temperature, and heating rate, using response surface methodology. Experiments confirm the model's accuracy and it can be easily applied in biomass pyrolysis process modeling.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Seunghan Yu, Heeyoon Kim, Jinje Park, Yongwoon Lee, Young-Kwon Park, Changkook Ryu
Summary: The study investigates the properties of torrefied biomass and proposes a new method to measure torrefaction severity. It is found that the amount of fixed carbon increases during torrefaction and the energy density of torrefied biomass depends on the compaction degree and torrefaction severity of the raw biomass.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
