Article
Oncology
Howard Fine, Tony Reid, Scott Caroen, Bryan Oronsky, Nacer Abrouk, Nicholas Butowski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of RRx-001 in combination with radiotherapy and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. The results showed that the addition of RRx-001 improved the progression-free survival and overall survival of the patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yanhong Zhou, Ruitao Lin, J. Jack Lee, Daniel Li, Li Wang, Ruobing Li, Ying Yuan
Summary: In the era of immunotherapies and targeted therapies, the focus of early phase clinical trials has shifted to finding the optimal biological dose (OBD). However, late-onset efficacy and toxicity often hinder real-time decision making for treating new patients. To address this issue, the TITE-BOIN12 design is proposed, which utilizes model assistance and real-time decision making methods to quickly and accurately find the OBD.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigino Calzetta, Marina Aiello, Annalisa Frizzelli, Elena Pistocchini, Beatrice Ludovica Ritondo, Paola Rogliani, Alfredo Chetta
Summary: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the main treatment for asthma, but there is a need for innovative medications that selectively target components of inflammation. A review of recent randomized controlled trials identified 16 classes of novel therapeutic options, with lung function being the main assessed outcome. Promising disease-modifying agents, particularly biologics, are being studied, but further research is needed to confirm positive results from Phase I and II trials.
Article
Biology
Yifei Zhang, Sha Cao, Chi Zhang, Ick Hoon Jin, Yong Zang
Summary: In this study, a novel Bayesian adaptive phase I/II clinical trial design was proposed to address the issue of late-onset competing risk outcomes. By using the continuation-ratio model and cause-specific hazard rate method, missing data on late-onset outcomes were successfully imputed from observations, with an adaptive dose-finding algorithm to allocate patients and identify optimal biological dose. Simulation studies demonstrated desirable operating characteristics of the proposed design.
Article
Oncology
Hyun Kim, Jeffrey R. Olsen, Olga L. Green, Re- Chin, William G. Hawkins, Ryan C. Fields, Chet Hammill, Majella B. Doyle, William Chapman, Rama Suresh, Benjamin Tan, Katrina Pedersen, Brandi Jansen, Todd A. DeWees, Esther Lu, Lauren E. Henke, Shahed Badiyan, Parag J. Parikh, Michael C. Roach, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Kian-Huat Lim
Summary: This study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of ablative hypofractionated radiation therapy with full-dose gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel in patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (BR/LA-PDAC). The results showed that magnetic resonance guided radiation therapy can safely permit radiation and chemotherapy dose escalation, and this treatment regimen has promising local progression-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival in patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jonathan Beall, Christy Cassarly, Renee Martin
Summary: This article introduces the application of Bayesian methods in the design of phase II clinical trials, focusing on the operating characteristics and interpretation of trial results in the context of futility studies. It highlights the unique advantages of Bayesian approaches in mid-phase trial design, compared to frequentist frameworks and efficacy-focused designs.
Article
Immunology
Luciana P. F. Abbade, Silvia Regina Catharino Sartori Barraviera, Maria Regina Cavariani Silvares, Ana Beatriz B. de C. O. Lima, Gabriela R. Haddad, Marcia A. N. Gatti, Natalia Bronzatto Medolago, Marcia Tonin Rigotto Carneiro, Lucilene Delazari dos Santos, Rui Seabra Ferreira, Benedito Barraviera
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and efficacy of HFS in treating chronic venous ulcers, showing promising results in healing ulcers. However, further multicentric phase III clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoyu Li, Ke Cheng, Xinghai Li, Yuwen Zhou, Jiyan Liu, Hao Zeng, Yuanwei Chen, Xiao Liu, Ying Zhang, Yongsheng Wang, Feng Bi, Li Zheng
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of HC-1119 in patients with mCRPC. HC-1119 showed dose-proportional increase in plasma AUC and C-max, with maximum PSA response rates of 77% in dose escalation cohort and 75% in dose expansion cohort. Overall disease control rate was 72.7% and 2-year survival rate in Part B patients was 56.8%. The recommended dose for further studies is 80 mg/day.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Joeri A. J. Douma, Laurien M. Buffart, Ramy Sedhom, Mariette Labots, Willemien C. van der Houven van Oordt, Mikkjal Skardhamar, Anthony De Felice, Esther Lee, Divya Dharmaraj, Nilofer S. Azad, Michael A. Carducci, Henk M. W. Verheul
Summary: The study found that hyponatremia, elevated alkaline phosphatase level, performance score of 1 or higher, and opioid use were significant predictors for early trial discontinuation, with hyponatremia being the strongest predictor.
Article
Oncology
Patrizia Ciammella, Salvatore Cozzi, Andrea Botti, Lucia Giaccherini, Roberto Sghedoni, Matteo Orlandi, Manuela Napoli, Rosario Pascarella, Anna Pisanello, Marco Russo, Francesco Cavallieri, Maria Paola Ruggieri, Silvio Cavuto, Luisa Savoldi, Cinzia Iotti, Mauro Iori
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety of moderate-high-voxel-based dose escalation radiotherapy in recurrent GBM patients after conventional concurrent chemoradiation. The results showed good tolerability of this treatment approach, with extended overall survival and progression-free survival.
Article
Oncology
Nitesh Patel, Tamika Wong, Sherese R. Fralin, Mona Li, Amy McKeown, Deborah Gruber, Randy S. D'Amico, Athos Patsalides, Apostolos Tsiouris, Dimitre G. Stefanov, Oscar Flores, Avraham Zlochower, Christopher G. Filippi, Rafael Ortiz, David J. Langer, John A. Boockvar
Summary: The study demonstrated that repeated superselective intra-arterial infusion of bevacizumab shows promising outcomes in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma. Phase III trials are needed to further investigate the efficacy of this treatment in combination with the Stupp protocol for newly diagnosed GBM.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Johnny Duerinck, Julia Katharina Schwarze, Gil Awada, Jens Tijtgat, Freya Vaeyens, Cleo Bertels, Wietse Geens, Samuel Klein, Laura Seynaeve, Louise Cras, Nicky D'Haene, Alex Michotte, Ben Caljon, Isabelle Salmon, Michael Bruneau, Mark Kockx, Sonia Van Dooren, Anne-Marie Vanbinst, Hendrik Everaert, Ramses Forsyth, Bart Neyns
Summary: In this phase I clinical trial, intracerebral administration of NIVO and IPI following maximal safe resection of recurrent glioblastoma was found to be feasible, safe, and associated with encouraging overall survival outcomes when compared to historical cohorts. No significant difference was found in terms of progression-free survival.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Mi Shao, Qin Yu, Xinyi Teng, Xin Guo, Guoqing Wei, Huijun Xu, Jiazhen Cui, A. H. Chang, Yongxian Hu, He Huang
Summary: CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA has shown promising effects in R/R MM patients, with a high response rate but also a high incidence of adverse events. All 37 patients experienced CRS, and 91% had abnormal coagulation parameters. Coagulation parameters were positively correlated with CRS severity and levels of certain cytokines.
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bryan Oronsky, XiaoNing Guo, XiaoHui Wang, Pedro Cabrales, David Sher, Lou Cannizzo, Bob Wardle, Nacer Abrouk, Michelle Lybeck, Scott Caroen, Arnold Oronsky, Tony R. Reid
Summary: RRx-001, a first-in-class dinitroazetidine small molecule, has been selected for preclinical and clinical development after extensive screening of aerospace compounds for novel anticancer agents. It is a minimally toxic compound with a unique mechanism of action that mediates both antitumor cytotoxicity and normal tissue protection. Currently in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials, RRx-001 is being tested for the treatment of multiple solid tumor malignancies and as supportive care drug.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Julia Foldi, Adriana Kahn, Andrea Silber, Tao Qing, Emily Reisenbichler, Neal Fischbach, Justin Persico, Kerin Adelson, Anamika Katoch, Anees Chagpar, Tristen Park, Adam Blanchard, Kim Blenman, David L. Rimm, Lajos Pusztai
Summary: The incidence of triple-negative breast cancer is higher among Black or African American women, but they are underrepresented in clinical trials. A study showed that the safety and efficacy of durvalumab concurrent with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for TNBC patients is similar between African American and non-African American patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Corey Speers, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Eleanor M. Walker, Carri K. Glide-Hurst, Robin Marsh, Ming Tang, Emily L. Morris, Matthew J. Schipper, Richard L. Weinberg, Hunter C. Gits, James Hayman, Mary Feng, James Balter, Jean Moran, Reshma Jagsi, Lori J. Pierce
Summary: This prospective study evaluated the role of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum biomarker changes in predicting cardiac injury and risk of subsequent cardiac events after radiation therapy for breast cancer. The results showed that although radiation therapy led to changes in cardiac tissue, these changes were not dose-dependent. Serum biomarker analysis revealed interesting trends between certain markers and the radiation therapy dose, warranting further investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Joshua T. Dilworth, Kent A. Griffith, Lori J. Pierce, Reshma Jagsi, Thomas J. Quinn, Eleanor M. Walker, Jeffrey D. Radawski, Michael M. Dominello, Greg S. Gustafson, Jean M. Moran, James A. Hayman, Frank A. Vicini
Summary: The study investigated the association between chemotherapy before whole breast irradiation (WBI) and toxic effects or cosmetic outcome. Chemotherapy before conventional WBI (CWBI) was associated with increased moist desquamation, while chemotherapy before hypofractionated WBI (HWBI) was not associated with higher rates of any toxic effects. Patients receiving chemotherapy prior to either CWBI or HWBI had comparable rates of acute breast pain and impaired cosmetic outcome at 1 year. These findings support the use of HWBI after chemotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Benjamin Bird, Matthew Nancekievill, Andrew West, Jim Hayman, Chris Ballard, Will Jones, Shaun Ross, Toby Wild, Tom Scott, Barry Lennox
Summary: The Vega robot is a small, low-cost, potentially disposable ground robot designed for nuclear decommissioning, with flexibility in software and hardware, and a variety of sensors and actuators. It has been successfully deployed in active and non-active environments, demonstrating its capabilities in the UK nuclear industry.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bryan Oronsky, Scott Caroen, Nacer Abrouk, Tony R. Reid
Summary: This article discusses the potential of the aerospace industry as a new frontier for drug development, due to the negative impact of climate disruption, habitat destruction, pollution, and biodiversity loss on natural sources of pharmaceuticals. The article highlights RRx-001, the first aerospace-sourced therapeutic, which has shown promise in treating lung cancer and protecting against severe oral mucositis. The compound, derived from an explosive propellant, has the potential to mitigate the biomedical effects of space radiation exposures.
LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Charles K. Matrosic, Kathryn Dess, Thomas Boike, Michael Dominello, Daniel Dryden, Correen Fraser, Margaret Grubb, James Hayman, David Jarema, Robin Marsh, Peter Paximadis, Kelly Torolski, Melissa Wilson, Shruti Jolly, Martha Matuszak
Summary: The purpose of this study was to update and maintain a multi-institutional knowledge-based planning (KBP) model for locally advanced lung cancer (LALC) treatment planning as a plan quality assurance (QA) tool. The model showed improvements in plan quality and identified potential plan quality improvements.
PRACTICAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Daniel J. Herr, Huiying Yin, Steven G. Allen, Derek Bergsma, Aleksandar F. Dragovic, Robert T. Dess, Martha Matuszak, Margaret Grubb, Michael Dominello, Benjamin Movsas, Larry L. Kestin, James A. Hayman, Peter Paximadis, Matthew Schipper, Shruti Jolly
Summary: This study examined heart and lung dose exposure in lung cancer patients receiving postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) and found that the dosimetric parameters were slightly lower than those reported in the Lung ART study. These findings provide useful benchmarks for treatment planning in patients with positive surgical margins.
PRACTICAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Charles S. Mayo, Mary U. Feng, Kristy K. Brock, Randi Kudner, Peter Balter, Jeffrey C. Buchsbaum, Amanda Caissie, Elizabeth Covington, Emily C. Daugherty, Andre L. Dekker, Clifton D. Fuller, Anneka L. Hallstrom, David S. Hong, Julian C. Hong, Sophia C. Kamran, Eva Katsoulakis, John Kildea, Andra V. Krauze, Jon J. Kruse, Tod Mcnutt, Michelle Mierzwa, Amy Moreno, Jatinder R. Palta, Richard Popple, Thomas G. Purdie, Susan Richardson, Gregory C. Sharp, Shiraishi Satomi, Lawrence R. Tarbox, Aradhana M. Venkatesan, Alon Witztum, Kelly E. Woods, Yuan Yao, Keyvan Farahani, Sanjay Aneja, Peter E. Gabriel, Lubomire Hadjiiski, Dan Ruan, Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen, Steven Bratt, Michelle Casagni, Su Chen, John C. Christodouleas, Anthony Didonato, James Hayman, Rishhab Kapoor, Saul Kravitz, Sharon Sebastian, Martin Von Siebenthal, Walter Bosch, Coen Hurkmans, Sue S. Yom, Ying Xiao
Summary: Researchers aim to create a standardized ontology to address the lack of data standardization in electronic health records and other cancer care databases. They have developed the Operational Ontology for Oncology (O3) and provided recommendations for its use and development to facilitate data aggregation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Steven G. Allen, Aleksandar F. Dragovic, Huiying (Maggie) Yin, Alex K. Bryant, Peter A. Paximadis, Martha M. Matuszak, Matthew J. Schipper, Robert T. Dess, James A. Hayman, Michael M. Dominello, Larry L. Kestin, Benjamin Movsas, Shruti Jolly, Derek P. Bergsma
Summary: This study aims to characterize the fractionation regimens used in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) treatment, analyze factors associated with these regimens, and describe the acute toxicity profiles of once-daily and twice-daily radiation therapy regimens.
PRACTICAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Michael Dykstra, Jessica Thompson, Jessica Aldous, Shannon Jiang, Tasha Hughes, James Hayman, Aleksandar Dragovic, Jennifer Shah, Alfred Chang, Corey W. Speers, Michael Sabel, Lesly Dossett, Matthew Schipper, Reshma Jagsi
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
M. M. Cousins, M. P. Dykstra, K. Griffith, M. Mietzel, D. Kendrick, E. Trumpower, D. Dusseau, M. M. Dominello, T. P. Boike, J. A. Hayman, E. M. Walker, S. Jolly, M. L. Mierzwa, R. Jagsi, F. A. Vicini, L. J. Pierce
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
D. J. Herr, H. Yin, D. P. Bergsma, A. F. Dragovic, M. M. Matuszak, M. Grubb, M. M. Dominello, B. Movsas, L. L. Kestin, T. P. Boike, A. K. Bhatt, J. A. Hayman, S. Jolly, M. Schipper, P. A. Paximadis
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
D. J. Herr, A. Moncion, K. Griffith, R. Marsh, M. Grubb, A. K. Bhatt, M. M. Dominello, E. M. Walker, V. Narayana, E. I. Abu-Isa, F. A. Vicini, J. A. Hayman, L. J. Pierce
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
D. J. Herr, H. Yin, S. G. Allen, D. P. Bergsma, A. Dragovic, R. T. Dess, M. M. Matuszak, M. Grubb, M. M. Dominello, B. Movsas, L. L. Kestin, J. A. Hayman, P. A. Paximadis, M. Schipper, S. Jolly
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
M. P. Dykstra, C. Mayo, T. P. Devasia, S. N. Regan, S. R. Miller, S. G. Allen, A. K. Bryant, S. R. Birer, D. M. Edwards, N. Egerer, D. A. Elliott, C. Henderson, D. J. Herr, K. A. Morales Rivera, J. Takayesu, J. A. Hayman, L. N. Coughlin, M. Ilgen, R. Jagsi, M. M. Cousins
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
S. G. Allen, A. F. Dragovic, H. Yin, A. K. Bryant, P. Paximadis, M. M. Matuszak, M. Schipper, R. T. Dess, J. A. Hayman, M. M. Dominello, L. L. Kestin, I. S. Grills, B. Movsas, S. Jolly, D. P. Bergsma
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaofan Pu, Chaolei Zhang, Guoping Ding, Hongpeng Gu, Yang Lv, Tao Shen, Tianshu Pang, Liping Cao, Shengnan Jia
Summary: This study demonstrated the potential utility of the sEV-miRNA d-signature in the diagnosis of PDAC via machine learning methods. A novel sEV biomarker, miR-664a-3p, was identified for the diagnosis of PDAC. It can also potentially promote angiogenesis and metastasis, provide insight into PDAC pathogenesis, and reveal novel regulators of this disease.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Jiaping Wang, Zhijuan Xu, Yanli Lai, Yanli Zhang, Ping Zhang, Qitian Mu, Shujun Yang, Yongcheng Sun, Lixia Sheng, Guifang Ouyang
Summary: This study demonstrates the significance of PD-1 in EBV-infected lymphoma cells. Silencing PD-1 enhances the tumor targeting effect of EBV-specific killer T cells on B lymphocytes and attenuates the immune escape effect.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Qiliang Peng, Jialong Tao, Yingjie Xu, Yi Shen, Yong Wang, Yang Jiao, Yiheng Mao, Yaqun Zhu, Yulong Liu, Ye Tian
Summary: This study investigates the potential role of lipid metabolism-associated genes (LMAGs) in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and immunotherapy for rectal cancer. The results suggest that the SREBF2 gene is a highly predictive factor for nCRT in rectal cancer and is associated with favorable prognosis. SREBF2 is also closely associated with immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy-related genes.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Shiquan Li, Nan Zhang, Yongping Yang, Tongjun Liu
Summary: This study investigated the potential molecular mechanism of SPDEF in immune evasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) and found that it suppresses immune evasion by activating CCL28 through the modulation of M2 polarization of macrophages. These findings provide a new research direction and potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy in CRC.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Manas Sehgal, Soundharya Ramu, Joel Markus Vaz, Yogheshwer Raja Ganapathy, Srinath Muralidharan, Sankalpa Venkatraghavan, Mohit Kumar Jolly
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between gene expression patterns and phenotypic plasticity and heterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC). The results demonstrate the interconnectedness between different Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) of CRC and specific phenotypes such as epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. Additionally, the study reveals correlations between metabolic pathways and phenotypic scores, as well as between PD-L1 activity and mesenchymal phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis further confirms the heterogeneity of different CMS subtypes. These findings have important implications for understanding CRC heterogeneity and developing targeted therapies.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Yutong Zou, Siyao Guo, Yan Liao, Weidong Chen, Ziyun Chen, Junkai Chen, Lili Wen, Xianbiao Xie
Summary: This study found that ceramide metabolism is associated with the progression and clinical outcome of osteosarcoma by analyzing data from osteosarcoma patients. The gene ST3GAL1 plays an important role in osteosarcoma, regulating the tumor immune microenvironment and affecting T cell function. It may become a new target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Chuanhui Chen, Mengzhi Wan, Xiong Peng, Qing Zhang, Yu Liu
Summary: This study examines the function and mechanism of the ceRNA network centered around GPR37 in LUAD. The findings show that high expression of GPR37 in LUAD tissue samples is associated with poor prognosis, and it may regulate the expression of downstream target genes by competitively binding to lncRNA DLEU1 and miR-4458.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Junping Li, Hong Hu, Jinping He, Yuling Hu, Manting Liu, Bihui Cao, Dongni Chen, Xiaodie Ye, Jian Zhang, Zhiru Zhang, Wen Long, Hui Lian, Deji Chen, Likun Chen, Lili Yang, Zhenfeng Zhang
Summary: Sequential administration of CDC7 inhibitor XL413 after carboplatin enhances the chemotherapeutic effect of carboplatin on ovarian cancer cells, possibly by inhibiting homologous recombination repair activity and increasing the accumulation of chemotherapy-induced DNA damage.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Madison Catalanotto, Joel Markus Vaz, Camille Abshire, Reneau Youngblood, Min Chu, Herbert Levine, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Ana -Maria Dragoi
Summary: The study demonstrates that loss of FLASH in cancer cells leads to a hybrid E/M phenotype with high epithelial scores, suggesting FLASH acts as a repressor of the epithelial phenotype. Additionally, FLASH expression is inversely correlated with the epithelial score and subsets of mesenchymal markers are distinctly up-regulated in FLASH, NPAT, or SLBP-depleted cells.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Xiaorui Wang, Na Li, Minying Zheng, Yongjun Yu, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: Adipocytes are derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells and histone modifications play a key role in their differentiation. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells can differentiate into adipocytes, reducing the malignancy of cancer cells.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Hana Q. Sadida, Alanoud Abdulla, Sara Al Marzooqi, Sheema Hashem, Muzafar A. Macha, Ammira S. Al-Shabeeb Akil, Ajaz A. Bhat
Summary: Cancer heterogeneity and drug resistance are major obstacles to effective cancer treatment, and epigenetic modifications play a pivotal role in these processes. This review explores essential epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling, and discusses their complex contributions to cancer biology. However, the interplay of epigenetic and genetic changes in cancer cells presents unique challenges that must be addressed to fully exploit the potential of epigenetic modifications.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Pedro De Marchi, Leticia Ferro Leal, Luciane Sussuchi da Silva, Rodrigo de Oliveira Cavagna, Flavio Augusto Ferreira da Silva, Vinicius Duval da Silva, Eduardo C. A. da Silva, Augusto O. Saito, Vladmir C. Cordeiro de Lima, Rui Manuel Reis
Summary: The TIS and IFN-gamma signatures are predictive biomarkers for identifying NSCLC patients who could potentially benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Giovanni Marchi, Anna Rajavuori, Mai T. N. Nguyen, Kaisa Huhtinen, Sinikka Oksa, Sakari Hietanen, Sampsa Hautaniemi, Johanna Hynninen, Jaana Oikkonen
Summary: The study shows that ctDNA can adequately represent high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), and the mutations observed at relapse suggest personalized therapy options.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Yuncang Yuan, Jiawei Fan, Dandan Liang, Shijie Wang, Xu Luo, Yongjie Zhu, Nan Liu, Tingxiu Xiang, Xudong Zhao
Summary: This study demonstrates that csGRP78-directed CAR-T cells can selectively kill pancreatic cancer cells, and the combination with chemotherapy enhances cytotoxicity.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Niyati Piplani, Tanusri Roy, Neha Saxena, Shamik Sen
Summary: The glycocalyx, a protective barrier surrounding cells, has been found to play a role in cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. However, its function in maintaining DNA/nuclear integrity during migration through dense matrices has not been explored. This study shows that the bulkiness of the glycocalyx is inversely associated with nuclear stresses, and highlights its mechanical role in shielding migration-associated stresses.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)