Preparation and characterizations of flame retardant melamine cyanurate/polyamide 6 composite fibers via in situ polymerization

To improve the flame retardancy of polyamide 6 ( PA6) fibers, melamine cyanurate ( MCA)/PA6 composites were synthesized via in situ polymerization of is an element of-caprolactam in the presence of adipic acid- melamine salt and cyanuric acid- hexane diamine salt. The flame retardant MCA/ PA6 composite fibers were prepared by melt spinning. The structure and properties of MCA/PA6 composites and MCA/PA6 composite fibers were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, tensile tests, vertical burning tests ( UL94) and limiting oxygen index ( LOI) tests. Experimental results indicated that the MCA/PA6 composites loaded with 8 wt% of additives can achieve UL94 V-0 rating with an LOI value of 29.3%. The tenacity at break of PA6 fiber decreased from 4.85 to 3.11 cN center dot dtex-1 for MCA/PA6-8 composite fiber. However, the MCA/PA6 composite fibers can effectively suppress the propagation of flame in fabric. This means that the in situ polymerization approach paves the way for the preparation of MCA/PA6 composites that have good spinnability and flame retardancy.