Article
Horticulture
Abhishek Joshi, Vishnu D. D. Rajput, Krishan K. K. Verma, Tatiana Minkina, Karen Ghazaryan, Jaya Arora
Summary: The deposition of salts in soil poses a significant barrier to plant growth and development. By studying two halophytes, Suaeda nudiflora and Suaeda fruticosa, in a highly saline environment, researchers aimed to understand their tolerance mechanisms and potentially use them for salt- and metal-polluted soil remediation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Parinita Agarwal, Bhagirath M. Baraiya, Priyanka S. Joshi, Monika Patel, Asish K. Parida, Pradeep K. Agarwal
Summary: AlRab7 transgenic tobacco ameliorates ionic stress by facilitating differential and selective ion transport at vacuolar membrane regulating hormone signaling, ROS homeostasis, stomatal development, and movement.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Priyanka S. Joshi, Parinita Agarwal, Pradeep K. Agarwal
Summary: The study demonstrates that AlNAC1 plays a crucial role in enhancing drought tolerance in plants by regulating stomatal movement, photosynthesis, and reducing oxidative damage.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Abdulaziz M. Assaeed, Basharat A. Dar, Abdullah A. Al-Doss, Saud L. Al-Rowaily, Jahangir A. Malik, Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
Summary: Plants adapt to harsh environments by changing their morphological parameters through phenotypic plasticity. Aeluropus lagopoides, a halophytic species, adapts to different salt marshes by modifying its morphological and physiological traits. Understanding the response of plants to saline environments is important for evaluating the correlation between phenotypic plasticity and biomass allocation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Isaac Kramer, Yuval Bayer, Yair Mau
Summary: This study introduces a new model, SOTE 2.0, which considers hysteresis in K-s and is driven by different climate and irrigation regimes. Simulations show that saline and sodic water can irreversibly damage soil structure and slow down the rehabilitation process.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Basharat A. Dar, Abdulaziz M. Assaeed, Saud L. Al-Rowaily, Abdullah A. Al-Doss, Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
Summary: This study examined the vegetation composition and distribution of the A. lagopoides community in different regions of Saudi Arabia. It was found that A. lagopoides dominated in all locations and exhibited adaptability to a wide range of soil conditions. Other highly salt-tolerant species were also identified. The canonical correspondence and soil analysis showed that soil salinity and moisture were the main factors affecting community structure and diversity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ankita Dave, Payal Sanadhya, Priyanka S. Joshi, Parinita Agarwal, Pradeep K. Agarwal
Summary: The HKT subfamily II functions as a Na+ - K+ co-transporter, providing resistance to salinity stress in plants. Through cloning and studying the promoter region of AlHKT2:1, it was found that deletion D2 may be sufficient to drive stress-inducible expression of genes involved in stress tolerance in plants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Farag Ibraheem, Ateeq Al-Zahrani, Ahmed Mosa
Summary: Understanding the salt tolerance mechanisms of halophytes is crucial for improving agriculture under climate change scenarios. This study investigated the physiological and metabolic responses of Suaeda monoica, Suaeda vermiculata, and Suaeda schimperi to abiotic stress in their natural saline environment. The tested species employ different tolerance mechanisms based on the level of salinity and their genetic constitution. Additionally, different Suaeda species show potential as phytoremediators based on their cellular metal accumulation.
Article
Agronomy
Michiele Gebrehiwet, Nata T. Tafesse, Solomon Habtu, Berhanu F. Alemaw, Kebabonye Laletsang, Reneilwe Lasarwe
Summary: This study evaluates the cause of salinization in an irrigation scheme in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia, finding that salinity and toxicity hazards increase with the direction of water flow. The main control mechanisms of groundwater chemistry include the dissolution of carbonate minerals, silicate weathering, and cation exchange. The impacts of dam construction on the hydrologic environment, such as enhanced groundwater potential, were also discussed.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Isaac Kramer, Yair Mau
Summary: Soil salinity and sodicity pose threats to plant growth and soil health, especially when using marginal quality water with high salt concentrations in agricultural systems. Models play a crucial role in understanding and managing these risks, allowing us to explore various future scenarios and predict the consequences of agricultural practices. This review examines advanced models that study how salinity and sodicity affect plant health and soil structure, with a focus on their integration into dynamic models to analyze evolving plant and soil responses under changing climate and irrigation conditions. The review also highlights the differences in complexity and suitability of existing modeling frameworks for integration into larger climate models, along with important applications of these models in studying salt leaching, ion chemistry, layered profiles, and long-term soil degradation caused by specific irrigation practices.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Anshuman Singh, Anita Mann, Raj Kumar, R. K. Yadav
Summary: Salt stress can inhibit the growth and yield of pomegranates to different extents, highlighting the need to develop salt tolerant cultivars. This study examined the effects of salinity stress on 15 genotypes of pomegranates, revealing distinct differences between soft-seeded and hard-seeded types for various traits. The genotypes showed variability in their ability to overcome salt-induced nutritional deficiencies and exclude sodium and chloride ions, with certain genotypes identified as potential parents for salt excluder rootstock development. The traits of lower oxidative damage, better leaf chlorophyll, higher leaf water potential, and reduced sodium and chloride uptake were associated with salt tolerance and higher fruit yield in specific genotypes.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ranran Liu, Bing Cui, Xiangbin Lu, Jie Song
Summary: The research found that under salinity treatment, the expression of nitrate transporter 2.1 (SsNRT2.1) in Suaeda salsa was up-regulated, leading to increased nitrate uptake and accumulation. The inhibitor of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, Na3VO4, was found to affect this process.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Agronomy
Aadhityaa Mohanavelu, Sujay Raghavendra Naganna, Nadhir Al-Ansari
Summary: Salinity and sodicity have been significant environmental hazards over the past century, affecting over a quarter of the world's land and causing adverse effects on agriculture and ecosystems. Despite various remediation techniques, comprehensive land reclamation remains challenging, with growing salt-resistant crops and improving drainage being the most practical solutions to mitigate the risks of salinity and sodicity.
Article
Agronomy
Brigitta Muller, Vitor Arcoverde Cerveira Sterner, Laszlo Papp, Zoltan May, Laszlo Orloci, Csaba Gyuricza, Laszlo Sagi, Adam Solti, Ferenc Fodor
Summary: The biomass plant Arundo donax exhibits tolerance to alkaline salt stress, making it a feasible alternative crop in areas affected by salinity or alkaline salt accumulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
S. L. Krishnamurthy, P. C. Sharma, D. Dewan, B. M. Lokeshkumar, Suman Rathor, A. S. Warraich, N. M. Vinaykumar, Hei Leung, R. K. Singh
Summary: Using the indica MAGIC rice population, this study identified novel QTLs and candidate genes controlling salinity and sodicity tolerance in rice, providing important insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying salt and alkali stress tolerance in rice.
PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Anshuman Singh, Ranjay K. Singh, Arvind Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Raj Kumar, Neeraj Kumar, Parvender Sheoran, R. K. Yadav, D. K. Sharma
Summary: Despite facing challenges such as poor market access, weak institutional support, and salinity/fresh water scarcity issues, the majority of Indian jujube growers in Haryana, India expressed a moderate to high willingness to continue cultivation. They view jujube as an attractive option for resource-scarce conditions due to its environmentally resilient nature and low input needs. However, it was also noted that interventions such as adopting proven technologies, improving market linkages, and organizing farmers into groups are essential to sustain jujube-based production systems in the long run.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Shobha Soni, Ashwani Kumar, Nirmala Sehrawat, Naresh Kumar, Gurpreet Kaur, Arvind Kumar, Anita Mann
Summary: The experiment aimed to explore the variability of durum wheat under salinity stress, showing differences in physiological and biochemical traits such as proline and soluble protein accumulation in roots and shoots. The results suggest that individual genotypes exhibit diverse responses to salinity stress, which could be utilized in salt tolerance breeding programs.
CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ranjay K. Singh, Anshuman Singh, Kerstin K. Zander, Supriya Mathew, Arvind Kumar
Summary: The study identified shortcomings in Indian policies in integrating traditional knowledge, mainly reflected in the lack of successful stakeholder participation and coverage of various dimensions of knowledge co-production. Additionally, there are unclear definitions and processes on how to mainstream traditional knowledge in the policy-making process.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ashwani Kumar, Anita Mann, Arvind Kumar, Naresh Kumar, Babu Lal Meena
Summary: This study investigated the modulations in different ionic ratios and ROS system in ten halophytic species under salt stress. The results showed variable responses and enzyme activities among the species, indicating higher antioxidant potential for combating salt-induced oxidative stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anita Mann, Naresh Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Charu Lata, Arvind Kumar, Babu Lal Meena, Dwijesh Mishra, Monendra Grover, Sonam Gaba, C. Parameswaran, Nitin Mantri
Summary: This study investigated the gene expression of Urochondra setulosa leaves at different salt concentrations using transcriptomics. The findings suggest that the plant regulates ion homeostasis and signaling through transcription at high salt concentrations. Furthermore, genes related to salt stress response were identified, providing insights into the mechanisms of plants in coping with extreme saline conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Shobha Soni, Ashwani Kumar, Nirmala Sehrawat, Arvind Kumar, Naresh Kumar, Charu Lata, Anita Mann
Summary: In the era of climate change, wheat faces challenges in yield due to decreased precipitation and increased evapo-transpiration. This study explored the potential of durum wheat genotypes under salinity based on physiological traits, finding significant variability among genotypes in different stress environments. Some durum genotypes showed less reduction in plant water traits under extreme salinity, indicating adaptability and potential for breeding programs to improve salt stress tolerance.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ranjay K. Singh, Anshuman Singh, Lobsang Ksherchokpa, Orik Rallen, Bamang Taniang, Yanung J. Lego, Egul Padung, Arvind Kumar, Hui Tag, Volker Mauerhofer
Summary: Bioculturally significant plants in Arunachal Pradesh, India, are facing threats, but two grassroots approaches, Community Knowledge Gardens and Clan Reserve Forests, have been effective in conserving these plants and cultural knowledge within traditional land use systems. These approaches have led to increased plant species diversity conservation, traditional knowledge sharing, and success indicators such as stable incomes and equitable benefits sharing among community members. The outcomes of the study have the potential to inform policies on environmental sustainability and strengthen local land use practices.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Parvender Sheoran, Arvind Kumar, Anshuman Singh, Ashwani Kumar, Kailash Parjapat, Raman Sharma, Ranjay K. Singh, Rajender Kumar Yadav, Yash P. Dang, Parbodh C. Sharma
Summary: The study demonstrates that the use of pressmud can significantly improve soil properties and enhance physiological adaptation and yield-related traits in a rice-wheat rotation, with more pronounced effects on sodicity-affected soils.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kamal K. Pal, Rinku Dey, Dharmesh N. Sherathia, Devidayal, Shamsudheen Mangalassery, Arvind Kumar, Rupal B. Rupapara, Mona Mandaliya, Priya Rawal, Roshani A. Bhadania, Manesh Thomas, Mili B. Patel, Priyanka Maida, Bhagwat D. Nawade, Suhail Ahmad, Pitabas Dash, T. Radhakrishnan
Summary: The study aimed to alleviate salinity stress and enhance peanut yield by using co-evolving endophytes, successfully identifying nine endophytes capable of promoting root growth and yield, and confirming their effectiveness in potted conditions.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Raj Kumar, Harsh Mehta, Arvind Kumar, Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj, Rajesh Kaushal, Sneha Dobhal, Anand K. Gupta, Rakesh Banyal, Manish Kumar, Suresh Kumar, Kamlesh Verma
Summary: The study in Indian Himalayas showed that Celtis australis growth and biomass production can be improved by using genetically superior planting material, with Tehri seed source performing the best in terms of plant growth, biomass production, carbon stock, and carbon sequestration.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Satish Kumar Sanwal, Anita Mann, Arvind Kumar, Hari Kesh, Gurpreet Kaur, Arvind Kumar Rai, Raj Kumar, Parbodh C. Sharma, Ashwani Kumar, Anant Bahadur, Bijendra Singh, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: Grafting tomato seedlings on selected salt tolerant eggplant rootstocks is a viable method for enhancing tomato's salt tolerance through improving plant physiological status and fruit yield.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Raj Kumar, Awtar Singh, Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj, Arvind Kumar, Rajender Kumar Yadav, Parbodh Chander Sharma
Summary: India is facing significant economic losses of about $3 billion annually due to the existence of 6.73 million hectares of un-reclaimed salt-affected soils (SASs). These losses are expected to increase as future projections indicate an expansion of SASs to about 16 million hectares by 2050. Managing SASs is crucial for achieving land degradation neutrality, increasing crop productivity, and ensuring food security in India.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Satish Kumar Sanwal, Parveen Kumar, Hari Kesh, Vijai Kishor Gupta, Arvind Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Babu Lal Meena, Giuseppe Colla, Mariateresa Cardarelli, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: Salinity stress significantly reduces plant height, stem numbers, and tuber yield in potato varieties. Salt-tolerant genotypes exhibit better performance under salt stress due to a strong antioxidant defense system and osmotic adjustment, suggesting their potential for breeding new high-yielding, salt-tolerant lines. Specific physiological and biochemical traits were identified as predominant for tuber yield under salt stress, providing insights for further genetic and molecular studies on salt tolerance in potato.
Article
Agronomy
Shiksha Chaurasia, Arvind Kumar, Amit Kumar Singh
Summary: This study evaluated genetic variation in wheat genotypes under salt stress to identify novel salt-tolerant resources for wheat improvement. The results showed that wheat genotypes exhibited different morphological and ionic traits under salt stress, but four genotypes showed consistent tolerance and proper Na+ and K+ discrimination in leaves. These tolerant genotypes maintained stable relative water content, chlorophyll, and photosynthesis rate, resulting in higher dry matter production under salt stress. Biomass, shoot K+, root Ca2+, and shoot K+/Na+ were identified as the most effective parameters for screening salt-tolerant wheat germplasm.
Article
Plant Sciences
Satish Kumar Sanwal, Hari Kesh, Arvind Kumar, Bhanu Kumar Dubey, Anil Khar, Youssef Rouphael, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: This study aimed to identify salt-tolerant onion genotypes by studying the physiological and biochemical mechanisms under salt stress. The results showed differences in growth and yield reduction among different onion varieties under salt stress. Salt-tolerant varieties exhibited higher physiological traits and better antioxidant capacity, while salt-sensitive varieties showed more membrane injury and higher salt accumulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Anaswara Rani, Sneha Asha, Minsa Mini, Pooja P. Rajan, Merin Tomy, Ashita Jose, Xavier Ts, Praveen Kumar
Summary: This study focuses on the eco-friendly synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Centra-therum punctatum leaf extract. The synthesized nanoparticles showed potent antimicrobial activity and effectively inhibited biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These findings demonstrate the potential of copper oxide nanoparticles for environmentally friendly synthesis and applications.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Bruno Fagundes dos Santos, Talita Oliveira de Arauja, Camilla Oliveira Rios, Advanio Inacio Siqueira-Silva, Eduardo Gusmao Pereira
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between iron excess and phosphorus deficiency in Paspalum densum. The results showed that iron excess decreased phosphorus concentration in roots, while phosphorus deficiency increased iron concentration in leaves. Stomatal limitation was the main cause of decreased photosynthesis due to iron excess. Phosphorus deficiency contributed to higher phosphorus use efficiency and biomass.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2024)