Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jacob L. Brinkman, Catherine E. Johnson
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of using UAVs for gas emission concentration measurements, and finds that downwash turbulence does not significantly affect concentration measurements.
MINING METALLURGY & EXPLORATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Malgorzata Rajfur, Inga Zinicovscaia, Nikita Yushin, Maria Wac Lawek
Summary: The moss-bag technique has been used for monitoring indoor air pollution. The study found that the concentrations of selected elements were affected by the seasons and their sources. In winter, the concentrations of Co, Ba, Cr, and Sr in the mosses were higher. The higher phosphorus concentrations obtained in summer indicate physiological stress caused by unfavorable winter exposure conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Miron Kaliszewski, Maksymilian Wlodarski, Jaroslaw Mlynczak, Bartlomiej Jankiewicz, Lukas Auer, Bartosz Bartosewicz, Malwina Liszewska, Boguslaw Budner, Mateusz Szala, Bernhard Schneider, Guenter Povoden, Krzysztof Kopczynski
Summary: This article introduces a versatile gas detector that can operate on UAV or UGV, with six electrochemical modules for measuring specific gases based on mission requirements. The device features immediate gas distribution to sensors by a mini vacuum pump, wireless data transmission to the operator's computer, and a 2m tubing for measurements in inaccessible areas. The methods presented in the article demonstrate an effective gas metering strategy using UAVs.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Linus Scheibenreif, Michael Mommert, Damian Borth
Summary: Air pollution is a global environmental issue that is complex to obtain detailed information about. Researchers have introduced three techniques for estimating air pollution that can overcome limitations and achieve global estimation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Lixin Shen, Yunxia Hou, Qin Yang, Meilin Lv, Jing-Xin Dong, Zaili Yang, Dongjun Li
Summary: This paper investigates the joint routing and scheduling problem of ship-deployed multiple UAVs (SDMUs) for monitoring pollution from vessels. The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm based on simulated annealing is used to minimize the total monitoring time.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Wenjing Zhu, Zhankang Feng, Shiyuan Dai, Pingping Zhang, Xinhua Wei
Summary: This study used UAV remote sensing to monitor wheat scab, determining the optimal spatial resolution of 3.47 cm and establishing a fusion model with VIs and TFs. The SVR algorithm showed the best performance in the multi-source data fusion model.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Arjuman Rafiq Reshi, Md Moniruzzaman, Akshar Tripathi, Reet Kamal Tiwari, Khan Rubayet Rahaman
Summary: During the lockdown in India, the concentration of O-3 pollutant in the atmosphere significantly increased despite the reduction of emissions from other sources. This study demonstrates that the concentration of O-3 gas is influenced by various factors, and combining Sentinel-5P satellite data with ground-based sensor data can provide accurate estimation of O-3 concentrations.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omid Ghaffarpasand, Karl Ropkins, David C. S. Beddows, Francis D. Pope
Summary: It is found that only a small proportion of vehicles in a fleet emit a large amount of air pollutants. Therefore, targeted actions towards these highly polluting vehicles could greatly improve air quality. This paper proposes a new approach using enrichment factor in cumulative Pareto analysis to detect high-emitting vehicle subsets within a fleet. The study analyzes a large dataset from five UK-based field campaigns and assesses the contributions of these high-emitting vehicle subsets to the total fleet emissions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kai Lin, Yanli Shi, Hong Xu
Summary: This article leverages satellite remote sensing data and county-level economic and social data from China to explore the impact of grassroots government environmental constraints on air pollution. The results show that grassroots government environmental constraints have a significant inhibitory effect on air pollution and this effect remains valid after various tests. Mechanism tests reveal that these constraints reduce air pollution by fostering urbanization, enhancing industrial structures, and promoting innovation in green technologies. The inhibitory effect of grassroots environmental constraints on air pollution varies across different regions, with a more pronounced impact in areas focusing on environmental protection, facing no economic constraints, large-scale, and located in central and western regions. Higher-level government's awareness of green governance interacts with grassroots government's environmental constraints, contributing to the reduction in regional air pollution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert Kurniawan, Anas Rulloh Budi Alamsyah, Ahmad Fudholi, Agung Purwanto, Bagus Sumargo, Prana Ugiana Gio, Sri Kuswantono Wongsonadi, Alton Endarwanto Hadi Susanto
Summary: The high concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is the main cause of West Java's poor Air Quality Index (AQI). This study aims to investigate the impact of industrial activity, wind speed, and ozone (O3) on the high concentration of tropospheric NO2. The econometric Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach is employed to analyze the short-term and long-term relationship between tropospheric NO2 and its predictor variables. The data used in the study includes monthly time series data from satellite images and publications of the Central Bureau of Statistics.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tianjie Lei, Jiabao Wang, Xiangyu Li, Weiwei Wang, Changliang Shao, Baoyin Liu
Summary: Based on an air-space-ground investigation system, the study monitored and evaluated flooded areas, identifying affected regions of different sizes. The method can meet the needs of flood disaster information at different spatiotemporal scales.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunhui Zhao, Chengxin Zhang, Jinan Lin, Shuntian Wang, Hanyang Liu, Hongyu Wu, Cheng Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the temporal variations of NO2 concentrations during the COVID-19 lockdown and post-epidemic era in 11 Chinese megacities. The study found that NO2 concentrations significantly decreased during the most rigorous lockdown period, and the differences between satellite and in situ measurements can be explained by vertical discrepancies of atmospheric NO2. In the post-epidemic era, both satellite and in situ measurements showed a decrease in NO2 concentrations, possibly related to the reduction of the transportation industry.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amin Hassani, Seyed Reza Safavi, Vahid Hosseini
Summary: The study used a roadside remote sensing emission monitoring campaign to investigate the high-emitting vehicles in the light-duty vehicle fleet, effectiveness of emission inspection programs, and impact of natural gas encouragement policy. Results showed a correlation between fleet age, engine size, and fuel type with emissions, and highlighted the need for an improved emission inspection program.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Remy Petremand, Pascal Wild, Camille Creze, Guillaume Suarez, Sophie Besancon, Valerie Jouannique, Amelie Debatisse, Irina Guseva Canu
Summary: The study utilized a Bayesian spline method to evaluate the real-time UFP number concentration in the personal breathing zone of Parisian subway professionals, revealing higher PNC levels closer to the subway tracks and on station platforms. Event and week day variables were found to have a lesser influence on UFP number concentrations.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Franciele O. Campos Rocha, Gisele O. da Rocha, Marcos A. Bezerra, Anne Valesca S. Brito, Indiara dos Santos Sampaio
Summary: Measurements of air pollutants in Brazilian urban centers showed excessive levels of harmful substances such as formaldehyde and benzene. Sewage discharge and emissions from landfills are major contributors to pollution. Vehicle emissions play a significant role in atmospheric acidity. Such studies are important for accurate assessment of exposure risks in different residential areas.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sahani Hendawitharana, Anthony Ariyanayagam, Mahen Mahendran, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: The study shows that factors such as architectural design and materials affect bushfire ignition, proposing an improved approach for bushfire risk assessment. By utilizing heat transfer modeling to assess the impact of bushfires on building structures, the most vulnerable locations can be identified.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amarasingam Narmilan, Felipe Gonzalez, Arachchige Surantha Ashan Salgadoe, Unupen Widanelage Lahiru Madhushanka Kumarasiri, Hettiarachchige Asiri Sampageeth Weerasinghe, Buddhika Rasanjana Kulasekara
Summary: This research utilizes unmanned aerial vehicles and spectral vegetation indices to infer chlorophyll content in sugarcane crops and compares the performance of multiple machine learning algorithms in predicting chlorophyll content. The findings demonstrate the accuracy of estimating chlorophyll content using multispectral UAVs and emphasize the importance of this methodology in crop nutrition management in sugarcane plantations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul D. Robinson, Farhad Salimi, Christine T. Cowiee, Samuel Clifford, Gregory G. King, Cindy Thamrin, Kate Hardaker, Mandana Mazaherie, Lidia Morawska, Brett G. Toelle, Guy B. Marks
Summary: This study observed a modest detrimental effect of ultrafine particles on peripheral airway function among atopic students, potentially leading to respiratory stiffness. Further studies are needed to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying increased respiratory stiffness, and whether this effect persists into adolescence and adulthood.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Violet Walker, Fernando Vanegas, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: The article discusses the importance of encoding sensor data into maps for robotic agents operating in unknown or uncertain environments. Real-time updates are crucial for safe planning and control. However, the increasing magnitude of input data poses challenges for constructing occupancy maps in real-time. The proposed solution utilizes a combination of OpenVDB, NanoVDB, and Nvidia's CUDA to leverage the power of GPU for encoding dense point clouds into data structures, improving speed and performance.
Article
Agronomy
Benjamin Costello, Olusegun O. Osunkoya, Juan Sandino, William Marinic, Peter Trotter, Boyang Shi, Felipe Gonzalez, Kunjithapatham Dhileepan
Summary: This study proposes a novel method using artificial intelligence to detect and map parthenium populations using RGB and hyperspectral imagery. The method achieves high accuracy in a controlled environment and can be used for designing parthenium weed detection strategies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Narmilan Amarasingam, Felipe Gonzalez, Arachchige Surantha Ashan Salgadoe, Juan Sandino, Kevin Powell
Summary: This study used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and deep learning (DL) techniques to detect white leaf disease (WLD) in sugarcane fields in Sri Lanka. The performance of different DL models was evaluated and YOLOv5 was recommended as the best model for WLD detection. The proposed methodology provides technical guidelines for accurate detection and treatment of WLD.
Article
Remote Sensing
Julian Galvez-Serna, Fernando Vanegas, Shahzad Brar, Juan Sandino, David Flannery, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: This paper proposes the UAV4PE framework for autonomous UAV testing in planetary exploration missions. The framework integrates components for simulation, emulation, navigation and mission planning, using POMDP formulations for decision-making. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the framework.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Narmilan Amarasingam, Mark Hamilton, Jane E. Kelly, Lihong Zheng, Juan Sandino, Felipe Gonzalez, Remy L. Dehaan, Hillary Cherry
Summary: This study explores the potential of machine learning algorithms to detect mouse-ear hawkweed foliage and flowers from UAV-acquired multispectral images. The analysis of imagery obtained from a highly infested study site in New Zealand revealed that a spatial resolution of 0.65 cm/pixel achieved the highest detection and validation accuracy. This methodology can optimize the use of UAV remote sensing technologies for better resource allocation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Violet Walker, Fernando Vanegas, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: This work proposes a modeling approach and software framework for coordinating multiple UAVs in large, complex, and partially observable environments for target finding or surveying points of interest. The framework includes mapping and path-solving using an extended NanoMap library, solving the global planning problem using an online model-based solver, and solving the local control problem using deep reinforcement learning. Simulated testing shows that the proposed framework enables multiple UAVs to search and target-find within large, complex, and partially observable environments.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Alexander G. Gray, Felipe Gonzalez, Fernando Vanegas, Julian Galvez-Serna, Kye Morton
Summary: This paper presents the implementation of a robotic manipulator on a UAV to extend its reachability, addressing the issue of limited payload range. A novel top mounted pantographic manipulator design is described, which controls the Centre of Gravity (CoG) mechanically. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated through flight experiments.
2023 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Dipraj Debnath, Ahmad Faizul Hawary, Muhammad Iftishah Ramdan, Fernando Vanegas Alvarez, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: This paper presents QuickNav, a solution for obstacle detection and avoidance in unmanned aerial systems (UASs)/drones. QuickNav uses a geometrical approach and a predefined safe perimeter to estimate intercepting points and generate avoiding waypoints, resulting in shorter distances and time compared to other methods. The algorithm can be easily translated into different programming languages.
Article
Remote Sensing
Amarasingam Narmilan, Felipe Gonzalez, Arachchige Surantha Ashan Salgadoe, Kevin Powell
Summary: This study presents an initial detection method for sugarcane white leaf disease using high-resolution multispectral sensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and supervised machine learning classifiers. The results show that this technology provides a reliable and quick method for detecting white leaf disease, with significant practical applications.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
M. Ng, F. Vanegas, K. Morton, J. Sandino, F. Gonzalez
Summary: Research and development of aerial manipulators has gained interest, as they can expand the applications of UAVs in challenging scenarios where it is not safe for humans. However, there is still a challenge in developing an aerial manipulator that can safely interact with the environment using only on-board sensors in a GPS-denied environment. This paper presents the design and implementation of a UAV with a robotic arm for use in GPS-denied environments.
2022 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (ICUAS)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Julian Galvez-Serna, Fernando Vanegas, Felipe Gonzalez, David Flannery
Summary: In the past decade, the level of autonomy of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has increased significantly, but a higher level of autonomy is necessary when dealing with uncertainty. Probabilistic techniques can be used to address uncertainty in robotic applications. This study explores the autonomous mission planning and execution for planetary exploration using UAVs from the perspective and advantages of probabilistic planning techniques.
2021 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE (AEROCONF 2021)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Nicolas Mandel, Michael Milford, Felipe Gonzalez
Summary: This paper explores the relationship between spatial and semantic information in UAVs, providing a new taxonomy and generating two hypotheses for improved algorithms. Numerical simulations show that a defined hierarchical structure of semantic information can enhance map reproduction.
2021 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE (AEROCONF 2021)
(2021)