Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Hoon Kim, Nayoung Bae, Taeho Kim, Albert L. Hsu, Mark Hunter, Jung-Ho Shin, Jae-Wook Jeong
Summary: Endometriosis is positively associated with obesity, but negatively associated with low BMI. High-fat diet-induced obesity can increase the development of endometriosis, while obesity with leptin deficiency and leptin receptor deficiency can suppress the development of endometriosis. These findings suggest that leptin and its receptor play a critical role in the development of endometriosis.
Review
Immunology
Yinxi Zhou, Jinghua Xia, Shuonan Xu, Tao She, Yanning Zhang, Ying Sun, Miaomiao Wen, Tao Jiang, Yanlu Xiong, Jie Lei
Summary: The development and growth of tumors pose a significant and ongoing threat to human life globally. Despite the remarkable progress achieved by advanced therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint therapy and CAR-T in treating solid and hematological malignancies, the malignant initiation and progression of cancer remains controversial and requires further research. Experimental animal models not only have great advantages in simulating tumor occurrence, development, and malignant transformation mechanisms, but also can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of diverse clinical interventions, gradually becoming indispensable in cancer research. This paper reviews recent research progress in mouse and rat models, focusing on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models, aiming to provide guidance for future studies on malignant mechanisms and tumor prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Meina Yan, Yifeng Gu, Hongxia Sun, Qinghong Ge
Summary: Tumor immunity is a rapidly growing field that focuses on immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of histones and granule proteins, have gained attention due to their association with tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Increased NET formation has been linked to immune exclusion and inhibition of T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the roles of NETs in tumor and anti-tumor immunity, highlighting the challenges in the field. NETs may serve as a promising therapeutic target for tumor immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ericka Kirkpatrick Roubidoux, Stacey Schultz-Cherry
Summary: Animal models have been crucial in the development of influenza virus vaccines. Novel vaccines are currently in development and rely heavily on animal models to determine efficacy and immunogenicity.
Review
Immunology
Mahelat Tesfamariam, Picabo Binette, Carrie Mae Long
Summary: This article reviews the animal models used in Q fever vaccine development, describes recent advances in this field, discusses the limitations and strengths of these models, and summarizes the requirements and criteria for future modeling efforts. Overall, while there are already useful models for Q fever vaccine development, there is still room for growth and expansion, which will enhance our understanding of C. burnetii host interactions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Lena Neufeld, Eilam Yeini, Sabina Pozzi, Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
Summary: Three-dimensional bioprinted cancer models have the potential to revolutionize our understanding and treatment of cancer by revealing novel biomarkers and drug targets, advancing personalized cancer therapy, and replacing in vitro and animal models.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sofie Snipstad, Frida Bremnes, Mats Dehli Haugum, Einar Sulheim
Summary: This study characterized six different immunocompetent murine models based on four different cell lines, including metastatic lung cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colon cancer. The responsiveness toward anti-PD1 checkpoint inhibitor varied among these models, providing insights into the heterogeneity of immune responses to immunotherapies.
Review
Oncology
Qian Chen, Lu Zhang, Xiang Li, Wei Zhuo
Summary: This article reviews the crucial roles of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the cascade of tumor metastasis. It also highlights the potential of NETs as a cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Review
Oncology
Moritz W. J. Schramm, Stuart Currie, Ming-te Lee, Laurent J. Livermore, Sandeep P. Solanki, Ryan K. Mathew, Heiko Wurdak, Mihaela Lorger, Chris Twelves, Susan C. Short, Aruna Chakrabarty, Paul Chumas
Summary: This study provides a systematic review of animal models of peritumoral brain edema. The results show that currently there is a lack of clinically relevant animal models for investigating novel treatments for peritumoral brain edema.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Md Abdus Subhan, Vladimir P. Torchilin
Summary: This review elucidates the dual function of neutrophils in cancer treatment, highlighting their potential for drug delivery and targeting in pre-clinical models.
Article
Immunology
Na Rong, Jiangning Liu
Summary: Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to public health security, human health, and economic development. An urgent need for an animal model that is susceptible to human pathogens arises after an outbreak. This article summarizes technologies and methods to induce animal susceptibility to human pathogens, analyzes the advantages and deficiencies of animal models developed using each method, and guides the selection of susceptible animals, potentially reducing the time needed to develop animal models during epidemics.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Daan F. Boreel, Paul N. Span, Annemarie Kip, Milou Boswinkel, Johannes P. W. Peters, Gosse J. Adema, Johan Bussink, Sandra Heskamp
Summary: Limited oxygen diffusion and increased oxygen consumption in solid malignancies lead to chronic hypoxia, which induces radioresistance and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study aimed to develop a radiolabeled antibody to visualize chronic hypoxia and study immune cell populations in these hypoxic areas. The results showed that the radiotracer binds to CAIX-expressing cells in vitro and accumulates in CAIX+ areas in vivo. The technique can quantitatively distinguish between tumor models with varying CAIX+ fractions and identified less infiltration of immune cells in the CAIX+ areas.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carina Peres, Ana Matos, Liane I. F. Moura, Rita C. Acurcio, Barbara Carreira, Sabina Pozzi, Daniella Vaskovich-Koubi, Ron Kleiner, Ronit Satchi-Fainaro, Helena F. Florindo
Summary: Targeted immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment, but tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppression mechanisms have hindered the success of cancer vaccines. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions, but the selection of appropriate preclinical models is crucial.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Leonardo Cristinziano, Luca Modestino, Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna, Domenico Mallardo, Diana Giannarelli, Grazia DAngelo, Anne Lise Ferrara, Stefania Loffredo, Gilda Varricchi, Vito Vanella, Lucia Festino, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Maria Rosaria Galdiero
Summary: PD-L1(+) PMN frequency emerges as a novel biomarker in stage IV BRAF wild type melanoma patients undergoing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. This study found that neutrophils in melanoma patients displayed an activated phenotype and increased PD-L1 levels, and patients with lower PD-L1(+) PMN frequencies showed better survival outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Elisabetta Michielon, Tanja D. de Gruijl, Susan Gibbs
Summary: Research on complex melanoma models is needed to replicate the dynamics of tumors and associated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, in order to study possible resistance mechanisms and improve current treatments and test novel therapeutics.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
