期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 541, 期 -, 页码 977-985出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.138
关键词
Ocean acidification; Pharmaceuticals; Biomarkers; Oxidative stress; Clams; Long-term exposures
资金
- European Funds through COMPETE
- National Funds through the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) [PEst-C/MAR/LA0017/2013]
- Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BPD/92258/2013, SFRH/BPD/78645/2011]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/86356/2012, SFRH/BD/93107/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/92258/2013, SFRH/BD/93107/2013] Funding Source: FCT
Ocean acidification and increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into aquatic systems are among key and/or emerging drivers of environmental change affecting marine ecosystems. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that ocean acidification can have direct and indirect impacts on marine organisms although combined effects with other stressors, namely with pharmaceuticals, have received very little attention to date. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the pharmaceutical drug Carbamazepine and pH 7.1, acting alone and in combination, on the clam Scrobicularia plana. For this, a long-term exposure (28 days) was conducted and a set of oxidative stress markers was investigated. The results obtained showed that S. plana was able to develop mechanisms to prevent oxidative damage when under low pH for a long period, presenting higher survival when exposed to this stressor compared to CBZ or the combination of CBZ with pH 7.1. Furthermore, the toxicity of CBZ on S. plana was synergistically increased under ocean acidification conditions (CBZ + pH 7.1): specimens survival was reduced and oxidative stress was enhanced when compared to single exposures. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that ocean acidification will act to increase the toxicity of CBZ to marine organisms, which has clear implications for coastal benthic ecosystems suffering chronic pollution from pharmaceutical drugs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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