Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ashraf Adnan Thirthar, Hamadjam Abboubakar, Aziz Khan, Thabet Abdeljawad
Summary: Many studies have shown that fear can reduce the number of new cases during an epidemic. In this study, we developed an SIS-B compartmental model considering fear and treatment effects in disease transmission. After analyzing the model, we found the basic reproduction number (R0) and equilibrium points. We proved the stability of the disease-free equilibrium when R0 < 1 and explored the conditions for the occurrence of backward bifurcation when R0 <= 1. Additionally, we proved that a globally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium can be achieved when the saturation parameter for treatment delay is zero, and a unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when R0 > 1. Numerical simulations were conducted to validate our findings.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kirti Jain, Vasudha Bhatnagar, Sadanand Prasad, Sharanjit Kaur
Summary: This paper presents an abstract model of fear, called Individual-based Fear Model (IBFM), to study the influence of human behavior on epidemic dynamics. The model distinguishes individuals by their fear-index and accommodates variations in innate fear levels among populations with cultural differences. By updating the fear levels in the population, the model can realistically simulate multiple epidemic waves observed in real-world epidemics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Francesca Acotto, Ezio Venturino
Summary: This article analyzes a simple disease transmission model that takes into account demographic features and the appearance of illnesses in two forms: asymptomatic and symptomatic. The main feature of this model is the population's fear induced by the epidemic, which leads to reduced contact in response to increasing symptomatic numbers. The study finds that with the presence of asymptomatic individuals, if the progression rate to symptomatic is high, protective measures can prevent the entire population from becoming infected. The results also highlight the importance of quickly assessing transmission rates.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Protyusha Dutta, Debgopal Sahoo, Sudeshna Mondal, Guruprasad Samanta
Summary: The article proposes a general eco-epidemic model with a focus on disease in predator population and analyzes the impact of external food supply on the predator. The dynamics of the model are studied using discrete time-delay and gestation delay. Analytical explanations are provided for the positivity, uniform boundedness, and uniform persistence of the model solutions. The extinction criteria of the predator population are explored and illustrated through numerical simulations. The existence and stability conditions of critical points are investigated, and bifurcation assessments reveal the formation of local bifurcations and provide the parametric region for bifurcation occurrence. The importance of providing supplementary food to the sound predator is reported, and the stability dynamics of coexistence state for different configurations of delay factors are scrutinized.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tsung-Lin Wu, Hsiang-Te Liu
Summary: This study examines the impact of policy formalism, COVID-19 fear, social support, and work stress on the anxiety of construction workers during the epidemic. The study aims to incorporate formalism variables and explore their influence on the stress and anxiety levels of construction workers. The research intends to investigate whether the gap between epidemic prevention regulations and practices affects the fear experienced by construction site workers.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Haiyan Wang, Min Sun, Han Li, Diantong Kang, Lei Yan, Jianhao Gao
Summary: This study analyzes the relationship between accounting transparency, fear sentiment, and COVID-19 and finds a significant negative correlation between accounting transparency and daily new COVID-19 patients. The study also reveals that fear sentiment can be driven by COVID-19. Furthermore, the study suggests the arrangement of emotional counseling, early warning incentives, and institutional constraints in the first 4 days in the public health early warning system, and the parallel system setting to improve early warning efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Shiv Mangal, O. P. Misra, Joydip Dhar
Summary: In this paper, an SIRS epidemic model using Grunwald-Letnikov fractional-order derivative is formulated to analyze the effects of fear in the population during the outbreak of deadly infectious diseases. The criteria for the spread or extinction of the disease are derived and discussed on the basis of the basic reproduction number. The validity of the analytic results is confirmed through numerical simulations using the Grunwald-Letnikov approximation. The fractional-order model shows closer forecast of the disease compared to the classical one using real data of COVID-19 in India.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jun Liu, Longnian Lin, Dong Wang
Summary: Specific BLA neurons exhibit increased firing rates, accompanied by increased heart rate and freezing, in response to height threats. These neurons are only activated under height threats, not other conditions, and develop conditioned responses to the context after fear conditioning, indicating a convergence in processing of dangerous/risky contextual information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Johannes Kornhuber
Summary: Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) regulates fear learning and the expression of contextual fear in a sex-specific manner, but does not affect the expression of cued fear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jingjing Zhang, Nan Jiang, Jason James Turner, Saeed Pahlevan Sharif
Summary: The scarcity of medical protective products during the COVID-19 pandemic in China significantly impacted consumers' impulsive purchasing behavior, with mechanisms such as fear of missing out, perception, and bandwagon effect playing key roles. Marketing strategies and governmental measures targeting these mechanisms could help maintain public order during the epidemic.
Article
Psychology, Educational
Qingqing Xu, Keliang Fan, Dandan Wei, Pengling Liu, Juan Wang, Xian Wang, Xiaomin Lou, Hualiang Lin, Chongjian Wang, Cuiping Wu, Zhenxing Mao
Summary: During the normalization of the epidemic, many students have high levels of worry and fear, with males and junior high school students showing higher levels of worry. Students living in rural areas have the highest levels of worry and fear.
PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Hongsheng Wang, Wen-Cheng Xiong, Lin Mei
Summary: Excessive mitophagy in BLA neurons synapsing onto adBNST neurons was identified as a mechanism for reduced neurotransmission and anxiety-like behaviors induced by social defeat.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian M. Shrader
Summary: Lions are the most feared animals in Africa, but evidence suggests that African wildlife is more afraid of humans.
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley A. Huggins, Carissa N. Weis, Elizabeth A. Parisi, Kenneth P. Bennett, Vladimir Miskovic, Christine L. Larson
Summary: Fear generalization is an adaptive process that helps individuals interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening, but overgeneralization can lead to maladaptive outcomes associated with anxiety disorders. Neuroimaging research has identified brain regions sensitive to generalization effects, with potential contributions from small brain regions like the hippocampal subfields and habenula. The study used high spatial resolution imaging to explore neural circuits involved in threat discrimination and generalization, revealing associations between brain activation patterns and individual differences in anxiety.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lei Yang, Ziyun Yang, Yanmin Cheng
Summary: This study explored the posttraumatic growth (PTG) of Chinese college students in Wuhan during the COVID-19 lockdown. The fear of COVID-19 was found to directly influence PTG and indirectly affect PTG through positive coping. Reflective rumination was found to moderate the association between fear of COVID-19 and positive coping.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2023)