Article
Microbiology
Michael Roling, Mahsa Mollapour Sisakht, Enrico Ne, Panagiotis Moulos, Raquel Crespo, Mateusz Stoszko, Elisa De Crignis, Helen Bodmer, Tsung Wai Kan, Maryam Akbarzadeh, Vaggelis Harokopos, Pantelis Hatzis, Robert-Jan Palstra, Tokameh Mahmoudi
Summary: This study identified novel host factors contributing to HIV-1 latency through genetic screening, including CHD9 which maintains latency by direct association with the HIV-1 5' LTR. FDA-approved inhibitors targeting ADK, NF1, and GRIK5 were characterized for their latency reversal potential, with topiramate showing promise as a latency reversal agent with clinical potential for individuals living with HIV-1 under suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Supawadee Umthong, Brian Lynch, Uddhav Timilsina, Brandon Waxman, Emily B. Ivey, Spyridon Stavrou
Summary: This study explores the antiviral mechanism of MARCH proteins, which act as antiretroviral factors by reducing the incorporation of envelope glycoproteins in budding virions. A comprehensive analysis reveals that MARCH proteins have broad antiviral functions, restricting envelope glycoproteins from various viruses to different degrees. Comparisons between human and mouse MARCH genes show differences in the mechanism of restriction among MARCH proteins.
Review
Virology
Joe McKellar, Antoine Rebendenne, Melanie Wencker, Olivier Moncorge, Caroline Goujon
Summary: Host cells have developed a multi-modular system to detect and combat influenza viruses, including interferon response and intrinsic immunity. These mechanisms activate a wide array of antiviral effectors that inhibit virus replication at various stages, providing important insights for the development of new influenza treatments.
Review
Virology
Xue-Feng Wang, Xiangmin Zhang, Weiwei Ma, Jiwei Li, Xiaojun Wang
Summary: This article reviews the interactions between equine restriction factors and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). The features of equine restriction factors and the mechanisms by which EIAV counteracts the restriction suggest that lentiviruses employ diverse strategies to counteract innate immune restrictions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Tang, Xianglu Wu, Minjie Mou, Chuan Wang, Lidan Wang, Fengcheng Li, Maiyuan Guo, Jiayi Yin, Wenqin Xie, Xiaona Wang, Yingxiong Wang, Yubin Ding, Weiwei Xue, Feng Zhu
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of environmental factors on microbial community composition, highlighting the roles of host factors in shaping human microbiota. Host factors are categorized into host genetic factors (HGFs) and host immune factors (HIFs), with a database called 'GIMICA' established to collect and organize these factors for comprehensive health management. By providing information on how these factors define the landscapes inhabited by microbiota, the database allows for a holistic consideration of different types of host factors as well as the interactions between host and environmental factors.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Pir Tariq Shah, Amina Nawal Bahoussi, Xiaogang Cui, Shaista Shabir, Changxin Wu, Li Xing
Summary: Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) is a highly immunosuppressive disease in young chickens, causing aplastic anemia, growth retardation, and lymphoid tissue atrophy. The disease is caused by chicken anemia virus (CAV), belonging to the genus Gyrovirus, family Anelloviridae. Through genome analysis and phylogeographic study, this research identified two major clades, GI and GII, with multiple sub-clades, and traced the spread of CAV from Japan to China, China to Egypt, and subsequently to other countries. The study also discovered recombination events and significant amino acid variability in CAV genomes, providing valuable insights for understanding the evolutionary history and implementing preventive measures against CAVs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shi-Jia Le, Gen-Yang Xin, Wei-Chen Wu, Mang Shi
Summary: In this study, the global diversity of all known cat viruses was comprehensively analyzed, with a focus on their geographic expansion patterns, temporal dynamics, and recombination frequencies. The findings deepen our understanding of the evolutionary and epidemiological features of cat viruses and provide important insight into the prevention and control of cat pathogens.
Article
Immunology
Ying Guo, Wei Xia, Feili Wei, Wei Feng, Junyi Duan, Xintong Sun, Yixi Yu, Yan Wang, Baojin Zhang, Jie Cao, Weidi Li, Haozhi Dong, Shan Guo, Fengqiu Zhang, Xiaojie Huang, Zheng Sun
Summary: The study revealed that HIV-positive individuals had higher microbial diversity in saliva compared to HIV-negative individuals, except in the AIDS stage, with Porphyromonas being the only significantly less abundant genus in the HIV-positive groups. There were consistencies between overall salivary microbial abundance and AIDS disease progression, with certain bacteria showing significant changes associated with different stages of HIV infection.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Morteza Ghayomzadeh, Pegah Mirzapour, Seyed Farzad Maroufi, Zahra Pashaei, Zoha Ali, Marcarious M. Tantuoyir, Narjes Aghaie, Farzin Vahedi, Roghayeh Salmani, Mehrzad MohsseniPour, Kowsar Qaderi, Ramin Shahidi, Akram Peyman, Sanaz Varshochi, Arian Afzalian, Seyede Parmis Maroufi, Esmaeil Mehraeen, Omid Dadras, Daniel Hackett
Summary: People living with HIV are at a higher risk of sarcopenia, which can significantly impact their quality of life and ultimately lead to death. This systematic review explored the prevalence of sarcopenia in this population and identified several factors associated with its development. The findings indicate that age, gender, time since HIV diagnosis, vertebral fractures, drug use, and gamma-glutamyl transferase level are promoting factors, while higher education, employment, physical exercise, calf circumference, and gait speed are protective factors against sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Fiona Filardo, Narelle Nancarrow, Monica Kehoe, Alistair R. McTaggart, Benjamin Congdon, Safaa Kumari, Mohammad Aftab, Piotr Trebicki, Brendan Rodoni, John Thomas, Murray Sharman
Summary: The study reveals the genetic diversity of Turnip yellows virus (TuYV), with most variation occurring in ORF 5. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analysis clarify the taxonomy of TuYV and its relationship with brassica yellows virus (BrYV), showing that they form a well-supported monophyletic group. The findings suggest that ORF 0, 3a, and 5 are incongruent for species demarcation, and new TuYV-associated RNAs were identified in Australia for the first time through high-throughput sequencing.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Guney Boso, Oscar Lam, Devinka Bamunusinghe, Andrew J. Oler, Kurt Wollenberg, Qingping Liu, Esther Shaffer, Christine A. Kozak
Summary: The study revealed different co-adaptive evolutionary paths within virus-infected subspecies, with some antiviral protection coming from restriction factors. The adaptive, spatial and temporal co-evolutionary trajectories at the critical interfaces of MLVs and host factors were documented in the data.
Article
Microbiology
Maryam Alamil, Gael Thebaud, Karine Berthier, Samuel Soubeyrand
Summary: High-throughput sequencing allows for assessing within-host genetic diversity and studying microbial communities and transmission links in infectious disease outbreaks. Simulating within-host genetic diversity across time under various demo-genetic assumptions is crucial for evaluating the performance of the approaches used. This study builds a model that describes the temporal evolution of genotypes and their frequencies and investigates the impact of demographic and genetic factors on within-host diversity during infection. The results show the complex relationship between population size, genetic diversity, and immune response activation.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruofan Wang, Camille R. Simoneau, Jessie Kulsuptrakul, Mehdi Bouhaddou, Katherine A. Travisano, Jennifer M. Hayashi, Jared Carlson-Stevermer, James R. Zengel, Christopher M. Richards, Parinaz Fozouni, Jennifer Oki, Lauren Rodriguez, Bastian Joehnk, Keith Walcott, Kevin Holden, Anita Sil, Jan E. Carette, Nevan J. Krogan, Melanie Ott, Andreas S. Puschnik
Summary: The study identified common host factors for three coronaviruses and critical host pathways supporting infection by all of them, including phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Inhibition of these pathways reduced replication of all three coronaviruses, while the lysosomal protein TMEM106B appeared unique to SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings provide important insights for understanding the coronavirus life cycle and developing host-directed therapies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph Hiatt, Judd F. Hultquist, Michael J. McGregor, Mehdi Bouhaddou, Ryan T. Leenay, Lacy M. Simons, Janet M. Young, Paige Haas, Theodore L. Roth, Victoria Tobin, Jason A. Wojcechowskyj, Jonathan M. Woo, Ujjwal Rathore, Devin A. Cavero, Eric Shifrut, Thong T. Nguyen, Kelsey M. Haas, Harmit S. Malik, Jennifer A. Doudna, Andrew P. May, Alexander Marson, Nevan J. Krogan
Summary: This study systematically evaluates the functional roles of 426 genes in HIV replication by using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-out in primary human CD4+ T cells. They identify 86 candidate host factors that alter HIV infection, providing new insights into HIV biology.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachel E. McMillan, Ellen Wang, Aaron F. Carlin, Nicole G. Coufal
Summary: Microglia, the resident macrophage of the central nervous system, play important roles in human development, health, and disease. Recent studies have shown that microglia have both protective and detrimental effects in the progression of neurotropic viral infections. Understanding the diversity of human microglial responses is crucial for therapeutic interventions, but modeling human microglia has been challenging due to interspecies differences and rapid transformation in vitro.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Safiatou T. Coulibaly, Paola Rossolillo, Flore Winter, Franziska K. Kretzschmar, Melanie Braye, Darren P. Martin, Daniela Lener, Matteo Negroni
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ron Geller, Pilar Domingo-Calap, Jose M. Cuevas, Paola Rossolillo, Matteo Negroni, Rafael Sanjuan
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2015)
Article
Virology
Romain Gasser, Meriem Hamoudi, Martina Pellicciotta, Zhicheng Zhou, Clara Visdeloup, Philippe Colin, Martine Braibant, Bernard Lagane, Matteo Negroni
Article
Immunology
Elisa De Crignis, Silvia Guglietta, Brian T. Foley, Matteo Negroni, Antonio Fabio Di Narzo, Vreneli Waelti Da Costa, Matthias Cavassini, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Cecilia Graziosi
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2012)
Article
Virology
Meriem Hamoudi, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Romain Gasser, Matteo Negroni
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pierre Cappy, Alice Moisan, Fabienne De Oliveira, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Matteo Negroni
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Paola Rossolillo, Flore Winter, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Sarah Gallois-Montbrun, Matteo Negroni
Review
Immunology
Redmond P. Smyth, Matteo Negroni, Andrew M. Lever, Johnson Mak, Julia C. Kenyon
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Virology
Marine Kanja, Pierre Cappy, Nicolas Levy, Oyndamola Oladosu, Sylvie Schmidt, Paola Rossolillo, Flore Winter, Romain Gasser, Christiane Moog, Marc Ruff, Matteo Negroni, Daniela Lener
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Review
Virology
Alexis Duverge, Matteo Negroni
Review
Microbiology
Elenia Toccafondi, Daniela Lener, Matteo Negroni
Summary: The first step of the intracellular phase of retroviral infection involves the release of the viral capsid core in the cytoplasm, which contains the genetic material of the virus. Recent evidence suggests that the capsid may play a more significant role in the infectious cycle than previously thought, participating in translocation of viral genomic material and interactions with host factors. The capsid protein CA, a unique component of the capsid core, is essential for these functions but may also be genetically fragile.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Reine El Omar, Emmanuelle Julien, Katia Biasch, Blandine Guffroy, Bruno Lioure, Laurent Vallat, Isabelle Gross, Claire Domon-Dell, Francois Lanza, Christian Gachet, Matteo Negroni, Jean-Noel Freund, Manuela Tavian
Article
Microbiology
Elenia Toccafondi, Marine Kanja, Flore Winter, Daniela Lener, Matteo Negroni
Summary: HIV-1 establishes a permanent infection by integrating its genome into the host cell. Different groups of HIV-1 have different functional motifs in their integrase proteins, highlighting an important functional duality between HIV-1 integrases. The presence of these alternative motifs in different HIV-1 groups increases the genetic diversity of the virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Rocchi, Camille Louvat, Adriana Erica Miele, Julien Batisse, Christophe Guillon, Lionel Ballut, Daniela Lener, Matteo Negroni, Marc Ruff, Patrice Gouet, Francesca Fiorini
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that HIV-1 Integrase (IN) plays a critical role in the morphogenesis of the viral particle and the stability of viral genomic RNA (gRNA) in host cells. The C-terminal tail of IN interacts with the apical structure of TAR RNA, modifying its structure and facilitating the binding of HIV transcriptional trans-activator Tat to TAR. This process eventually displaces IN from TAR. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of IN in the early stages of proviral transcription and could contribute to the development of anti-HIV-1 therapeutics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)