Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yair Neuman, Yochai Cohen
Summary: It is important to understand human behavior through situational dimensions represented by human beings. The Riverside Situational Q (RSQ) is a tool for measuring the psychological properties of situations, but its limited item count of 90 in the RSQ-4 may limit its use for researchers employing a computational approach. This article presents a corpus of 10,000 artificially generated situations that closely correspond to the RSQ-4, produced using the state-of-the-art language model GPT. The dataset's validity is confirmed through inter-judge reliability and four experiments on large datasets, supporting its quality. Researchers interested in measuring situational dimensions in textual data may find this dataset and the associated code for generating 100 situational dimensions useful.
Review
Microbiology
Reena Debray, Robin A. Herbert, Alexander L. Jaffe, Alexander Crits-Christoph, Mary E. Power, Britt Koskella
Summary: The order and timing of microbial arrival can significantly impact microbiome composition and function, with studies highlighting the importance of priority effects in different environments. Detection methods and mechanisms of priority effects are discussed in this review.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. William Li, Omer Zeliger, Leah Strahs, Raymundo Baez-Mendoza, Lance M. Johnson, Aidan McDonald Wojciechowski, Ziv M. Williams
Summary: Competitive interactions play a vital role in the ecology of animal species and strongly influence group behavior. Researchers have discovered neurons in the anterior cingulate that adaptively represent the social rank of animals and influence their decision-making. These neurons can track other individuals within a group and accurately predict future success. The application of neuromodulation techniques also reveals that these neurons conditionally influence competitive effort.
Article
Ecology
Junjiong Shao, Xuhui Zhou, Kees Jan Groenigen, Guiyao Zhou, Huimin Zhou, Lingyan Zhou, Meng Lu, Jianyang Xia, Lin Jiang, Bruce A. Hungate, Yiqi Luo, Fangliang He, Madhav P. Thakur
Summary: This study found that the impact of warming on grassland productivity is strongly influenced by plant diversity. Warming increased plant productivity in grasslands with lower plant diversity, but decreased productivity in grasslands with higher plant diversity. The effects were partially attributed to changes in plant dominance and shifts in interspecific interactions based on plant diversity levels.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Jiahua Zheng, Qi Wang, Shaoyu Li, Bin Zhang, Feng Zhang, Tianqi Zhao, Jirong Qiao, Mengli Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different mowing intensities on soil bacterial community composition in a typical grassland in Inner Mongolia. The results showed that moderate and heavy mowing significantly altered the overall structure of bacterial communities, while light mowing had minimal impact on bacterial community diversity. Soil organic carbon was identified as the most important factor driving changes in bacterial community assembly induced by mowing. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how bacterial communities support the long-term health of grassland ecosystems.
Review
Biology
Hiroyuki Shimoji, Shigeto Dobata
Summary: Reproductive division of labour is a characteristic of eusocial insects, but can be disrupted by reproductive potential of otherwise sterile nest-mates. Dominance hierarchy plays a crucial role in regulating reproduction in some species, and dominance hierarchies in eusocial insects involve more individuals than in vertebrates, requiring unique selective forces. This article provides an overview of studies on dominance hierarchies in eusocial insects, specifically focusing on paper wasps and ponerine ants. It explains the emergence of dominance hierarchies as a self-organizing process through individual memory and local behavioral interactions, which can be captured using network analyses. The adaptive significance of dominance hierarchies is also discussed from the perspective of sterile subordinates, emphasizing the importance of kin selection.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Martin F. Laursen, Henrik M. Roager
Summary: This study reveals the importance of priority effects in the assembly of Bifidobacterium communities and demonstrates the deterministic role of HMOs derived from breast milk in shaping the community composition.
Article
Ecology
Peter M. M. Kappeler, Elise Huchard, Alice Baniel, Charlotte Canteloup, Marie J. E. Charpentier, Leveda Cheng, Eve Davidian, Julie Duboscq, Claudia Fichtel, Charlotte K. K. Hemelrijk, Oliver P. P. Hoener, Lee Koren, Jerome Micheletta, Lea Prox, Tommaso Sacca, Lauren Seex, Nikolaos Smit, Martin Surbeck, Erica van de Waal, Cedric Girard-Buttoz
Summary: This study explores the importance of dominance relationships between different sexes and provides key methodological tools to study intersexual dominance relationships in mammals.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Caique Marques Marcelino, Pedro Henrique Esteves Trindade, Henry David Mogollon Garcia, Antonio Guilherme Roncada Pupulim, Cyntia Ludovico Martins, Guilherme Rizzoto, Francisco Teixeira-Neto, Fernanda Macitelli, John Patrick Kastelic, Joao Carlos Pinheiro Ferreira
Summary: This study examined the impact of post-orchiectomy inflammation on social dynamics in Nelore bulls in Brazil. The results showed a close association between the severity of post-surgical inflammation and changes in social hierarchy, potentially due to the effects of pain on social relations.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akifumi Nishida, Mayuko Nakagawa, Masayuki Yamamura
Summary: The assembly of microbial communities is influenced by both deterministic and stochastic processes, with large environmental changes leading to a more deterministic microbial community assembly.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nancy Padilla-Coreano, Kanha Batra, Makenzie Patarino, Zexin Chen, Rachel R. Rock, Ruihan Zhang, Sebastien B. Hausmann, Javier C. Weddington, Reesha Patel, Yu E. Zhang, Hao-Shu Fang, Srishti Mishra, Deryn O. LeDuke, Jasmin Revanna, Hao Li, Matilde Borio, Rachelle Pamintuan, Aneesh Bal, Laurel R. Keyes, Avraham Libster, Romy Wichmann, Fergil Mills, Felix H. Taschbach, Gillian A. Matthews, James P. Curley, Ila R. Fiete, Cewu Lu, Kay M. Tye
Summary: This study reveals how the brain represents and influences social rank. By conducting experiments on mice, researchers found that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a significant role in social dominance and exerts top-down modulation through specific neural circuits.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maeva Durand, Jean-Yves Dourmad, Aline Julienne, Marie Couasnon, Charlotte Gaillard
Summary: Using electronic sow feeders (ESF) could help ensure that each sow eats its entire ration in a group-housed pen. This study evaluated the impact of competitive feeding situations on the behaviour, physical activity, and energy requirements of gestating sows. The results showed that during feed competition, negative interactions increased, sows spent more time standing away from the feeder, and the number and duration of non-nutritive visits decreased.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Brenda McCowan, Jessica Vandeleest, Krishna Balasubramaniam, Fushing Hsieh, Amy Nathman, Brianne Beisner
Summary: This focused review introduces the ubiquity of dominance across the animal kingdom and the modern approach of measuring dominance using Percolation and Conductance (Perc). Perc takes into account the nonlinear hierarchical structure and provides a complementary metric of 'dominance certainty' to assess the degree of ambiguity in rank relationships. The review summarizes studies on the importance of 'dominance certainty' in large captive rhesus macaque breeding groups and concludes with suggestions for future research directions in dominance hierarchy.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maria Sundvik, Henri Puttonen, Svetlana Semenova, Pertti Panula
Summary: The study on social hierarchy in zebrafish revealed that offspring of dominant animals have advantages in social interactions, subordinate animals have lower levels of serotonin and noradrenaline, and there are gender specific differences in cognitive tasks.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elizabeth A. Hobson
Summary: This study provides insight into the dynamics of dominance hierarchy research over a long period of time, using a science of science approach. Through analyzing publication metadata and employing text mining techniques, the study reveals patterns in publication frequency, term usage dynamics, and term co-occurrence in the field's history.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Kurt J. Vaughn, Katharine L. Stuble, Kristina Wolf, Truman P. Young
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2016)
Article
Ecology
Derek J. N. Young, Chhaya M. Werner, Kevin R. Welch, Truman P. Young, Hugh D. Safford, Andrew M. Latimer
Review
Forestry
Malcolm P. North, Jens T. Stevens, David F. Greene, Michelle Coppoletta, Eric E. Knapp, Andrew M. Latimer, Christina M. Restaino, Ryan E. Tompkins, Kevin R. Welch, Rob A. York, Derek J. N. Young, Jodi N. Axelson, Tom N. Buckley, Becky L. Estes, Rachel N. Hager, Jonathan W. Long, Marc D. Meyer, Steven M. Ostoja, Hugh D. Safford, Kristen L. Shive, Carmen L. Tubbesing, Heather Vice, Dana Walsh, Chhaya M. Werner, Peter Wyrsch
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Derek J. N. Young, Hugh D. Safford, Truman P. Young
Article
Ecology
Michael J. Koontz, Malcolm P. North, Chhaya M. Werner, Stephen E. Fick, Andrew M. Latimer
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Katharine L. Stuble, Anna M. Groves, Truman P. Young
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Duncan Kimuyu, Kari E. Veblen, Ryan L. Sensenig, Eric LaMalfa, Truman P. Young
Summary: The study demonstrates that the interaction between fire and herbivory on fuel heterogeneity has significant impacts on the growth of woody saplings in savanna grasslands.
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Susan P. Harrison, Hugh D. Safford, Gabrielle N. Bohlman, Rebecca Serata
Summary: Extreme drought and rising temperatures may reduce the resilience of plant communities to fires. The study found that pre-fire drought is important for seed production and post-fire plant recovery, and may indirectly facilitate invasion. Differences were observed in the regeneration of vegetation on different soil types, with the 2015 fire promoting a significant increase in exotic herbaceous cover.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Maria Tuomi, Anu Eskelinen
Summary: The study identifies the persisting effects of nutrient enrichment on plant communities and highlights the importance of species traits related to rapid growth and nutrient-use efficiency in determining the persistence of nutrient enrichment effects. Additionally, it demonstrates the potential for lasting effects of nutrient enrichment in nutrient-limited systems.
Article
Ecology
Truman. P. Young, Duncan N. Kimuyu, Eric M. LaMalfa, Chhaya M. Werner, Connor Jones, Phyllis Masudi, Robert Ang'ila, Ryan L. Sensenig
Summary: Fire, herbivores, and climatic factors are important drivers of savanna and grassland dynamics, but their interaction is complex and still being explored. This study examined the effects of various factors on fire behavior in an African savanna. The presence of livestock and wildlife reduced grass fuel loads and fire temperatures. The results also showed strong postfire resilience in this semiarid savanna rangeland.
Article
Ecology
Carmen R. Ebel, Madelon F. Case, Chhaya M. Werner, Lauren M. Porensky, Kari E. Veblen, Harry B. M. Wells, Duncan M. Kimuyu, Ryan E. Langendorf, Truman P. Young, Lauren M. Hallett
Summary: Ecological stability in plant communities is influenced by bottom-up processes such as environmental resource fluctuations and top-down controls such as herbivory. This study investigated the joint effects of drought and herbivory on biotic stability mechanisms in a long-term herbivore exclusion experiment in central Kenya. The results showed that both drought and herbivory reduced asynchronous dynamics, leading to lower stability. Dominant species population stability promoted community stability, whereas the portfolio effect was not important.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Chhaya M. Werner, Truman P. Young, Katharine L. Stuble
Summary: This study explores how the year of establishment affects the temporal and spatial variability of plant communities, comparing the effects on beta diversity and turnover between plots seeded with native perennial species and nonnative annual species. The results show that the establishment year has a significant impact on the composition and diversity of plant communities, particularly for perennial species. These findings have important implications for understanding the key drivers of biodiversity and for management strategies in biodiversity restoration.