Article
Immunology
Qiong Wang, Yubao Cui, Xufeng Wu, Junfang Wang
Summary: The study showed that riparin II has protective effects against asthma by reducing inflammatory cell and IgE levels, increasing interferon levels, and decreasing airway remodelling in the lung. Treatment with riparin II in combination with ephedrine further ameliorates the hyperresponsiveness of lung tissue in asthmatic rats.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joanna Wieczfinska, Przemyslaw Sitarek, Tomasz Kowalczyk, Piotr Rieske, Rafal Pawliczak
Summary: Bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts are crucial in airway remodelling, with human rhinovirus infection playing a role in this process. Curcumin has been shown to reduce gene expression related to airway remodelling and may potentially limit or prevent this process, dependent on NF-kappa B, c-Myc, and STAT3 pathways. Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of curcumin on airway remodelling.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Wojcik-Pszczola, Agnieszka Jankowska, Marietta Slusarczyk, Bogdan Jakiela, Hanna Plutecka, Krzysztof Pociecha, Artur Swierczek, Justyna Popiol, Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk, Elzbieta Wyska, Elzbieta Pekala, Reinoud Gosens, Grazyna Chlon-Rzepa
Summary: Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have shown promise in treating inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, including asthma. The novel compounds described in the study exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, reducing the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic mediators in bronchial epithelial cells. These dual-acting pan-PDE inhibitors have potential as lead structures for future anti-asthmatic agent discovery.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingjing Song, Hui Zhang, Yu Tong, Yufei Wang, Qiangwei Xiang, Huan Dai, Cuiye Weng, Lei Wang, Junwen Fan, Yilong Shuai, Chuqiao Lai, Xiaoxiao Fang, Mingxin Chen, Jiali Bao, Weixi Zhang
Summary: IL-17A is upregulated in asthma patients, and it increases ferroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells by regulating lipid peroxidation. IL-17A knockdown effectively inhibits ferroptosis by protecting airway epithelial cells and reducing airway inflammation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jongho Ham, Jihyun Kim, Kyoung-Hee Sohn, In-Won Park, Byoung-Whui Choi, Doo Hyun Chung, Sang-Heon Cho, Hye Ryun Kang, Jae-Woo Jung, Hye Young Kim
Summary: This study found that cigarette smoking exacerbates asthma by increasing the frequencies of activated type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the sputum and blood of patients. These activated ILC3 cells are associated with non-allergic inflammation and increased severity of asthma.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Corrado Pelaia, Alessandro Vatrella, Luca Gallelli, Nicola Lombardo, Angela Sciacqua, Rocco Savino, Girolamo Pelaia
Summary: The p38 MAPK subgroup plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD by regulating the expression of various inflammatory mediators and fibrogenic factors. Studies suggest that p38 MAPK may be a potential therapeutic target, with research evaluating its effects in both asthma and COPD treatment.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Efthymia Theofani, Georgina Xanthou
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial self-degradative process in cells that plays a key role in cellular renovation, physiology, and homeostasis. It can be triggered by factors such as starvation, pathogens, and stress, and is important in immune response regulation. Dysregulation of autophagy processes, either impaired or overactive, can contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including infections and cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Stephany Sanchez-Ovando, Stelios Pavlidis, Nazanin Zounemat Kermani, Katherine Joanne Baines, Daniel Barker, Peter G. Gibson, Lisa G. Wood, Ian M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Jodie Louise Simpson, Peter A. B. Wark
Summary: This study identified differentially expressed pathways in severe asthma patients compared to mild/moderate asthma patients and healthy controls. The results suggest that CD4(+) T cells, mast cells, and pathways linked to ongoing airway remodelling play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of severe asthma.
Article
Allergy
Alexandra Schroeder, Lars P. Lunding, Ulrich M. Zissler, Christina Vock, Sina Webering, Johanna C. Ehlers, Zane Orinska, Adam Chaker, Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber, Niklas J. Lang, Herbert B. Schiller, Marcus A. Mall, Heinz Fehrenbach, Charles A. Dinarello, Michael Wegmann
Summary: The study found that IL-37 downregulates allergic airway inflammation by counterbalancing the disease-amplifying effects of IL-1 beta and IL-33.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qian Liu, Lijuan Hua, Chen Bao, Luxia Kong, Jiannan Hu, Chao Liu, Ziling Li, Shuyun Xu, Xiansheng Liu
Summary: The Syk inhibitor R406 improves sensitivity to dexamethasone by modulating GR, providing a reference for the development of drugs to treat severe steroid-resistant asthma.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wenxian Ma, Qiaoyan Jin, Haiqin Guo, Xinpeng Han, Lingbin Xu, Shemin Lu, Changgui Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that metformin can alleviate airway inflammation and remodeling in an OVA-induced chronic asthmatic model. The protective effects of metformin may be associated with the restoration of AMPKα activity and decreased asthma-related angiogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bo-wen Zhou, Hua-man Liu, Xin-hua Jia
Summary: Asthma as an individual disease remains a global health challenge. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been shown to have anti-asthma effects, but its specific role and mechanism are still unclear. Animal studies have demonstrated that TCM formulas and natural compounds can significantly alleviate airway structural alterations and exhibit anti-inflammatory effects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Teresa C. Williams, Su-Ling Loo, Kristy S. Nichol, Andrew T. Reid, Punnam C. Veerati, Camille Esneau, Peter A. B. Wark, Christopher L. Grainge, Darryl A. Knight, Thomas Vincent, Crystal L. Jackson, Kirby Alton, Richard A. Shimkets, Jason L. Girkin, Nathan W. Bartlett
Summary: IL-25 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral asthma exacerbations. It inhibits innate anti-viral immunity in airway epithelial cells, and blocking IL-25 enhances antiviral immunity and blocks virus-exacerbated asthma responses.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Sara Namvar, Briony Labram, Jessica Rowley, Sarah Herrick
Summary: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition associated with sensitivity to airborne agents. It causes airway inflammation and remodeling, leading to impaired respiratory function and exacerbations. Sensitization to the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is linked to severe asthma, bronchiectasis, and hospitalization, but its role in driving airway structural changes is unclear.
Article
Allergy
Tomohito Takeshige, Norihiro Harada, Sonoko Harada, Ayako Ishimori, Yoko Katsura, Hitoshi Sasano, Yuuki Sandhu, Kei Matsuno, Fumihiko Makino, Jun Ito, Ryo Atsuta, Hisaya Akiba, Kazuhisa Takahashi
Summary: This study demonstrated that inhaled chitin induces airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and production of IL-1 beta in mouse models. Furthermore, chitin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in mouse models were found to be steroid-resistant, which may contribute to features of steroid-resistant asthma.
ALLERGOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)