期刊
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
卷 224, 期 -, 页码 71-79出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.06.007
关键词
Chemoreception; Neuroepithelial cell (NEC); Hypoxia; Hypercapnia; Ammonia; Gasomitters; Hydrogen sulphide; Nitric oxide; Carbon monoxide
资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery and Research Tools and Instrumentation grants
- NSERC
- Ontario Graduate Scholarships (OGS)
Chemoreception in fish is critical for sensing changes in the chemical composition of the external and internal environments and is often the first step in a cascade of events leading to cardiorespiratory and metabolic adjustments. Of paramount importance is the ability to sense changes in the levels of the three respiratory gases, oxygen (O-2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3). In this review, we discuss the role of piscine neuroepithelial cells (NEC), putative peripheral chemoreceptors, as tri-modal sensors of O-2, CO2 and NH3. Where possible, we elaborate on the signalling pathways linking NEC stimulation to afferent responses, the potential role of neurotransmitters in activating downstream neuronal pathways and the impact of altered levels of the respiratory gases on NEC structure and function. Although serotonin, the major neurotransmitter contained within NECs, is presumed to be the principal agent eliciting the reflex responses to altered levels of the respiratory gases, there is accumulating evidence for the involvement of gasomitters, a class of gaseous neurotransmitters which includes nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Recent data suggest that CO inhibits and H2S stimulates NEC activity whereas NO can either be inhibitory or stimulatory depending on developmental age. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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