期刊
PROTEIN SCIENCE
卷 25, 期 10, 页码 1767-1785出版社
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/pro.2984
关键词
autophagy; BECN1; Beclin 1; ATG6; VPS30; conformational flexibility; intrinsically disordered protein; interaction hub; class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes
资金
- NIH [RO3 NS090939]
- NSF [MCB-1413525]
- North Dakota EPSCoR [II-1355466]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience [1413525] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
BECN1 (Beclin 1), a highly conserved eukaryotic protein, is a key regulator of autophagy, a cellular homeostasis pathway, and also participates in vacuolar protein sorting, endocytic trafficking, and apoptosis. BECN1 is important for embryonic development, the innate immune response, tumor suppression, and protection against neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and heart disease. BECN1 mediates autophagy as a core component of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes. However, the exact mechanism by which it regulates the activity of these complexes, or mediates its other diverse functions is unclear. BECN1 interacts with several diverse protein partners, perhaps serving as a scaffold or interaction hub for autophagy. Based on extensive structural, biophysical and bioinformatics analyses, BECN1 consists of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR), which includes a BH3 homology domain (BH3D); a flexible helical domain (FHD); a coiled-coil domain (CCD); and a --repeated autophagy-specific domain (BARAD). Each of these BECN1 domains mediates multiple diverse interactions that involve concomitant conformational changes. Thus, BECN1 conformational flexibility likely plays a key role in facilitating diverse protein interactions. Further, BECN1 conformation and interactions are also modulated by numerous post-translational modifications. A better structure-based understanding of the interplay between different BECN1 conformational and binding states, and the impact of post-translational modifications will be essential to elucidating the mechanism of its multiple biological roles.
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