Article
Ecology
Elisabeth G. Chapman, Jill G. Pilkington, Josephine M. Pemberton
Summary: Life history trade-offs are common and place constraints on the timing of reproduction events. However, studies on male mammals' lifetime breeding success are scarce due to sex-biased dispersal and genetic paternity requirements. We investigated early life reproduction in male Soay sheep and found that individuals born in years with low-density population had higher early breeding success. Singleton individuals were more successful than twins. Successful breeding at 7 months increased survival chances for the first winter. There was no association between early breeding success and later breeding success for individuals that survived their first winter. We believe that individual quality variations mask the costs of early reproduction in this population.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kevin Malod, Esther E. Du Rand, C. Ruth Archer, Susan W. Nicolson, Christopher W. Weldon
Summary: This study examines the effects of diets with different protein-carbohydrate ratios on oxidative damage and antioxidant protection in the marula fly. The results suggest that diet plays a role in mediating trade-offs between lifespan and fecundity, but reactive oxygen species play a minimal role in this process.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Chris McKenna-Ell, Sanjana Ravindran, Jill G. Pilkington, Josephine M. Pemberton, Daniel H. Nussey, Hannah Froy
Summary: Early-life reproduction predicts late-life reproductive performance in a trait-dependent manner in wild Soay sheep, indicating the existence of early-late reproductive trade-offs. However, the impact of early-life reproduction on offspring survival and birth weight is limited.
Editorial Material
Biology
Yufeng Zhang, Hoi Shan Wong
Summary: Although mitochondria are considered as the main producers of ROS in cells, data supporting such an assumption are lacking. Mitochondria are one of the significant sources of cellular ROS, but they are not necessarily the main contributors under normal conditions, even under various stressors.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Benjamin Larue, Fanie Pelletier, Steeve D. Cote, Sandra Hamel, Marco Festa-Bianchet
Summary: Life-history theory predicts energy allocation trade-offs between traits when resources are limited. This study evaluated growth versus reproduction trade-offs in female bighorn sheep and mountain goats, finding that growth traits can accurately predict reproductive history. The predictive models based on annual growth could assist conservation and management in a broad range of species.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jules Dezeure, Alice Baniel, Alecia Carter, Guy Cowlishaw, Bernard Godelle, Elise Huchard
Summary: This study on wild chacma baboons identifies two optimal birth timings in their annual cycle, maximizing offspring survival or minimizing maternal interbirth intervals. Observed births are most frequent between these optima, suggesting an adaptive trade-off between current and future reproduction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Cecina Babich Morrow, S. K. Morgan Ernest, Andrew J. Kerkhoff
Summary: Life-history traits represent organisms' strategies to navigate the fitness trade-offs between survival and reproduction. Eric Charnov developed three dimensionless metrics to quantify fundamental life-history trade-offs. These metrics, along with body mass, can be used to classify life-history strategies across the four major classes of tetrapods: amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds. Correlated evolution among body mass and the three dimensionless metrics is observed within tetrapod lineages, highlighting the impact of major evolutionary transitions in energetics, physiology and ecology.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biology
Jerry F. Husak, Simon P. Lailvaux
Summary: Phenotypic trade-offs are common in nature, but the mechanisms driving them are not well understood. Research shows that all animals have evolved mechanisms to acquire oxygen and contract muscle, sometimes at the expense of other activities or traits. Convergent pathways have also evolved to deal with environmental challenges. Whole-animal performance traits, such as locomotion, are important for survival but can come at a cost to other aspects of the phenotype. Understanding the mechanisms behind these trade-offs will help explain phenotypic variation at an evolutionary scale.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Dustin J. Marshall, Tim Connallon
Summary: Most marine organisms have complex life histories, where the individual stages of a life cycle are often morphologically and ecologically distinct. The degree to which genetic and phenotypic links among stages hamper adaptation in any one stage remains unclear. This study explores the impact of carry-over effects and genetic links on fitness trade-offs between different life-history stages, and finds that evolutionary conflicts among stages can be ameliorated by carry-over effects. The results suggest that organisms with complex life histories may face greater constraints in adapting to global change.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Robert Beardmore, Mark Hewlett, Rafael Pena-Miller, Ivana Gudelj, Justin R. Meyer
Summary: Host-parasite coevolution can drive genetic diversity by trading off traits used in arms races and traits used in resource competition. In a laboratory experiment with bacteriophage lambda and Escherichia coli, multiple positive trait correlations were found but few canonical trade-offs were observed. The study suggests that coevolution can promote genetic diversity in more complex ways than previously thought.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Jianghuan Qin, Chunyu Fan, Yan Geng, Chunyu Zhang, Xiuhai Zhao, Lushuang Gao
Summary: This study examines the demographic trade-offs in forest dynamics, particularly the impacts of conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) on growth and survival. The results suggest that density dependence and environmental filtering are key factors influencing individual growth-survival trade-offs. Additionally, CNDD plays a role in shaping these trade-offs at the community level. Shade-tolerance, mycorrhizal type, and life-stage of forest species respond differently to CNDD, providing insights into different community assembly mechanisms and their interactions.
Article
Ecology
Felicie Dhellemmes, Jean-Sebastien Finger, Matthew J. Smukall, Samuel H. Gruber, Tristan L. Guttridge, Kate L. Laskowski, Jens Krause
Summary: The study revealed that the association between personality and life history is favored in some ecological contexts but not in others. In a predator-poor environment, more explorative sharks in semi-captivity were found to take more risks in the wild and grew faster. While in a predator-rich environment, despite selection for fast growth, no link was found between exploration personality and the growth-mortality trade-off.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sarah Senecal, Alexia Mouchet, Niels J. Dingemanse
Summary: The study reveals that multibroodedness is a common breeding strategy in various taxa, but not all individuals choose to be multibrooded, indicating a trade-off. Factors influencing bird's multibroodedness include lay date, breeding density, investment in first clutches, and exploration behavior types. The research contributes to understanding life-history evolution in the wild by studying the mechanisms shaping multibroodedness within seasons.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chen-Hao Hsu, Oliver Posegga, Kai Fischbach, Henriette Engelhardt
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between fertility and longevity in Europe from the seventeenth to twentieth centuries, finding that higher fertility has a negative effect on longevity but this effect has reduced over time. The results emphasize that changes in survival conditions over historical periods may moderate the negative impact of human fertility on longevity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas James Ellis, Froukje M. Postma, Christopher G. Oakley, Jon Agren
Summary: Resources used for survival cannot be used for increasing fecundity, but the extent of this trade-off depends on overall resource status. Adaptation to different environments may involve the evolution of traits that enhance individuals' ability to acquire resources.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Michael J. A. Wilkinson, Colin Selman, Lynn McLaughlin, Linda Horan, Lindsay Hamilton, Colin Gilbert, Caroline Chadwick, J. Norman Flynn
LABORATORY ANIMALS
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Thomas Bodey, Ian R. Cleasby, Jon Blount, Graham McElwaine, Freydis Vigfusdottir, Stuart Bearhop
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stephen E. Wilkie, Lorna Mulvey, William A. Sands, Diana E. Marcu, Roderick N. Carter, Nicholas M. Morton, Christopher Hine, James R. Mitchell, Colin Selman
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Arnold Y. Seo, John R. Speakman, Colin Selman
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Entomology
Kevin Malod, Petrus D. Roets, Carel Oosthuizen, Jonathan D. Blount, C. Ruth Archer, Christopher W. Weldon
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Paul J. Jacobs, M. K. Oosthuizen, C. Mitchell, J. D. Blount, N. C. Bennett
Summary: Modeling of anthropogenic induced climate change predicts more frequent and severe heatwaves in the future, leading to potential mass die-off of various organisms. Studies on Namaqua rock mice show that oxidative stress induced by severe heat stress can have negative effects on animal health, while the availability of water plays a crucial role in preventing oxidative stress.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Simon F. Allen, Francesca Ellis, Christopher Mitchell, Xianyu Wang, Neeltje J. Boogert, Chun-Yin Lin, Joseph Clokey, Kevin Thomas, Jonathan D. Blount
Summary: This study investigated the accumulation of plastic-derived contaminants phthalates in European herring gull eggs and their associations with lipid peroxidation and dietary antioxidants. Positive associations were found between MDA and DCHP, as well as negative associations with alpha-tocopherol, indicating potential oxidative stress in gulls. Further research on the consequences of phthalate exposure for offspring development is warranted.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lorna Mulvey, Stephen E. Wilkie, Gillian Borland, Kate Griffiths, Amy Sinclair, Dagmara McGuinness, David G. Watson, Colin Selman
Summary: Genetic background plays a role in how organisms respond to interventions like caloric restriction, impacting parameters such as body weight, adipose tissue mass, glucose tolerance, and insulin levels. Metabolomic analysis revealed specific metabolic differences between different mouse strains under the same caloric restriction, highlighting the importance of how fat depots dynamically respond to caloric restriction in influencing lifespan.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Pablo Salmon, Caroline Millet, Colin Selman, Pat Monaghan
Summary: This study found that accelerated growth can influence telomere length in nestling zebra finches, but only when individuals show accelerated growth in response to environmental circumstances.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
H. H. Marshall, R. A. Johnstone, F. J. Thompson, H. J. Nichols, D. Wells, J. I. Hoffman, G. Kalema-Zikusoka, J. L. Sanderson, E. I. K. Vitikainen, J. D. Blount, M. A. Cant
Summary: The study demonstrates that, similar to human societies, decision-making from behind a veil of ignorance about kinship can promote fairness and reduce inequality in animal societies as well. Wild, cooperatively breeding banded mongooses allocate postnatal care in a way that reduces offspring inequality, showcasing the application of a classic idea of moral philosophy in biological systems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Correction
Genetics & Heredity
Yavuz Kulaberoglu, Yasir Malik, Gillian Borland, Colin Selman, Nazif Alic, Jennifer M. A. Tullet
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Yavuz Kulaberoglu, Yasir Malik, Gillian Borland, Colin Selman, Nazif Alic, Jennifer M. A. Tullet
Summary: Transcription in eukaryotic cells is performed by three RNA polymerases, with Pol III playing a crucial role in transcribing various short non-coding RNAs and regulating cellular processes in response to changes in growth and stress. Dys-regulation of Pol III is associated with diseases, while its activation or inhibition can extend lifespan in model organisms, making it a potential therapeutic target for improving age-related health in humans.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen E. Wilkie, Gillian Borland, Roderick N. Carter, Nicholas M. Morton, Colin Selman
Summary: This review discusses the important role of hydrogen sulfide in promoting longevity and improving late-life health, as well as the prospects and challenges in disease treatment utilizing this gas signaling molecule.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Magali Meniri, Elsa Evans, Faye J. Thompson, Harry H. Marshall, Hazel J. Nichols, Gina Lewis, Lauren Holt, Emma Davey, Christopher Mitchell, Rufus A. Johnstone, Michael A. Cant, Jonathan D. Blount
Summary: This study explores the impact of oxidative stress on the cost of reproduction and presents three mechanisms: oxidative cost, oxidative constraint, and oxidative shielding. The experiment conducted on wild female banded mongooses reveals the coexistence of two oxidative mechanisms during reproduction. The results suggest that mothers mitigate oxidative challenges by reducing damage levels, which greatly impacts long-term offspring survival.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Zoe E. Melvin, Hussein Dhirani, Christopher Mitchell, Tim R. B. Davenport, Jonathan D. Blount, Alexander Georgiev
Summary: This study investigates the impact of methodological confounds on urinary oxidative stress (OS) measurement and suggests that urinary OS markers provide a valuable addition to the toolkit of field ecologists and conservationists within reasonable methodological constraints. Factors like sampling time, environmental contamination, and sample storage time have limited effects on OS marker concentrations. However, individual sample variability and reversal of rank-order were observed when exposed to different freezing delays.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)