期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 283, 期 1842, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2111
关键词
Na+/K+-ATPase; toxin resistance; bufadienolide; cardiotonic steroids; chemical ecology
资金
- SICB
- USU Ecology Center Research Grant
- USU Center for Women and Gender Research Grant
- National Science Foundation [EAPSI SP15039]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26440213]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26440213] Funding Source: KAKEN
Toads are chemically defended by bufadienolides, a class of cardiotonic steroids that exert toxic effects by binding to and disabling the Na+/K+-ATPases of cell membranes. Some predators, including a number of snakes, have evolved resistance to the toxic effects of bufadienolides and prey regularly on toads. Resistance in snakes to the acute effects of these toxins is conferred by at least two amino acid substitutions in the cardiotonic steroid binding pocket of the Na+/K+-ATPase. We surveyed 100 species of snakes from a broad phylogenetic range for the presence or absence of resistanceconferring mutations. We found that such mutations occur in a much wider range of taxa than previously believed. Although all sequenced species known to consume toads exhibited the resistance mutations, many of the species possessing the mutations do not feed on toads, much less specialize on that food source. This suggests that either there is little performance cost associated with these mutations or they provide an unknown benefit. Furthermore, the distribution of themutation among major clades of advanced snakes suggests that the origin of the mutation reflects evolutionary retention more than dietary constraint.
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