Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fumi Tsukada, Shigeo Takashima, Yoshiko Wakihara, Yuji O. Kamatari, Kaori Shimizu, Ayaka Okada, Yasuo Inoshima
Summary: This study found that the levels of bta-miR-1246 and hsa-miR-424-5p in milk sEVs were significantly higher in EBL cattle compared to healthy cattle, suggesting that they could serve as biomarkers for EBL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Van Eetvelde, K. Verdru, G. de Jong, M. L. van Pelt, M. Meesters, G. Opsomer
Summary: This study compared high-producing cows (HT) with their lower-producing counterparts and found that factors such as being born in September, born out of heifers, having high conformation scores for udder and feet & legs, and high breeding values for milk yield were associated with a higher likelihood of reaching a lifetime milk yield of 100,000 kg.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mami Hiraoka, Shigeo Takashima, Yoshiko Wakihara, Yuji O. Kamatari, Kaori Shimizu, Ayaka Okada, Yasuo Inoshima
Summary: In this study, potential biomarkers for enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) were identified in milk small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Monitoring the fluctuation in quantities of these mRNAs in milk can help identify cattle at risk of EBL onset before they develop the disease.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Giorgia Stocco, Andrea Summer, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Massimo Malacarne, Alessio Cecchinato, Nicolo Amalfitano, Giovanni Bittante
Summary: The study investigated the effects of native content of Ca, P, Na, K, and Mg on traditional milk coagulation properties and cheese-making efficiency, showing that minerals play a significant role in these processes. Specifically, phosphorus had positive effects on cheese-making traits, calcium favored water retention in the curd, sodium negatively affected protein recovery, while potassium and magnesium had minimal impact. Further research on the relationship between minerals and protein fractions could enhance understanding of their roles in cheese-making.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Virology
Marawan A. Marawan, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Suleiman El Tokhy, Sara Badawy, Ihsanullah Shirani, Ali Dawood, Aizhen Guo, Mashal M. Almutairi, Fahdah Ayed Alshammari, Abdelfattah Selim
Summary: Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) is closely related to human T-cell leukaemia virus types 1 and 2 and causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) in cattle. Most infected cattle are asymptomatic, but the disease still causes major economic losses in the cattle industry. Effective control measures and early detection are crucial due to the lack of an effective vaccine against BLV.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Cakebread, Olivia A. M. Wallace, Harold Henderson, Ruy Jauregui, Wayne Young, Alison Hodgkinson
Summary: This study compared the effects of milk, soy, and almond beverages on the gut microbiome of rats. The results showed that milk and soy supplementation had similar effects on the microbiome, while almond supplementation had distinct effects. This provides valuable insights into the impact of these commercially available products on the microbiome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marije Kleinjan, Martijn J. C. van Herwijnen, Sten F. W. M. Libregts, R. J. Joost van Neerven, Anouk L. Feitsma, Marca H. M. Wauben
Summary: Commercial milk subjected to pasteurization or UHT heating contains fewer or no intact EVs, respectively. Although most EVs appear resistant to pasteurization based on particle numbers, their integrity and molecular composition are altered. This may decrease or change the potential transfer of bioactive components through bovine milk EVs to human consumers in heat-treated commercial milk.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Akane Takada, Yuji O. Kamatari, Kaori Shimizu, Ayaka Okada, Yasuo Inoshima
Summary: By analyzing the microRNAs in small extracellular vesicles in the blood, this study identified bta-miR-17-5p, bta-miR-24-3p, and bta-miR-92a as potential biomarkers for enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL). These miRNAs were found to be significantly elevated in EBL cattle compared to uninfected cattle, suggesting their potential utility in predicting EBL onset.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mustapha Mbye, Huda Mohamed, Abdul Raziq, Afaf Kamal-Eldin
Summary: The study showed that using 36 mu g/L of W. coagulans, 50 IMCU/L of camel chymosin, 4 h holding time, and 60 degrees C incubation temperature provided the optimal textural hardness for both camel and bovine milk cheeses. Seven treatments were analyzed for physicochemical properties, yield, and SDS-PAGEitation. The results indicated that pure Withania extract resulted in lower coagulating effect, yielding cheeses with low yield, hardness, fat, protein, and total solids.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zanib Khan, Muhammad Abubakar, Muhammad Javed Arshed, Roohi Aslam, Sadia Sattar, Naseer Ali Shah, Sundus Javed, Aamira Tariq, Nazish Bostan, Shumaila Manzoor
Summary: Breast cancer is a common malignant disease among females. This study found that approximately 26.8% of breast cancer tissue samples tested positive for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) genes, compared to only 10% positive samples in non-cancerous tissues. The results suggest a possible link between BLV and human breast cancer, highlighting the importance of screening cattle herds and milk products to reduce viral transmission risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Antonio Arenas, Carmen Borge, Alfonso Carbonero, Ignacio Garcia-Bocanegra, David Cano-Terriza, Javier Caballero, Antonio Arenas-Montes
Summary: After a year of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, there is still no specific effective treatment, so finding pharmacological and immunological mechanisms to control the infection is important. Using cow's milk immune to BCoV as a possible control measure against COVID-19, due to the close phylogenetic relationship between COVID-19 and BCoV viruses, can help with specific immune response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Misako Konishi, Ken-ichiro Kameyama, Takehisa Yamamoto
Summary: The study found that the frequency of non-synonymous and deletion mutations in the bTP53 gene in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis is significantly higher than in non-diseased cattle, and these mutations are homologous to mutations in the human TP53 gene, affecting the transactivating function of the encoded protein P53. Additionally, cattle with bTP53 NS and deletion mutations have significantly higher BLV proviral loads in tissue samples.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cristian C. Rua Giraldo, Albeiro Lopez Herrera, Tatiana Ruiz-Cortes
Summary: This study aimed to detect the seroprevalence of bovine leukosis virus (BLV), bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), and Neospora caninum (Nc) in specialized dairy cattle herds in Antioquia, Colombia. A total of 599 blood samples from 53 specialized dairy cattle herds were evaluated using the ELISA test. The results showed a medium-low seroprevalence of BLV, BVD, and Nc in the studied population, with variations observed among different regions.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria S. Hansen, Sandra B. Gregersen, Jan T. Rasmussen
Summary: This study demonstrates that the history of milk processing affects the purity of milk extracellular vesicles.
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria Szczotka, Jacek Kuzmak
Summary: This study used flow cytometry to investigate the expression of BLV gp51 in milk and blood lymphocytes of naturally infected cows. The results showed a lower percentage of cells expressing gp51 in milk compared to blood, and abnormal immune markers were found. These aberrant cells exhibited characteristics of immaturity and prolonged vitality.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Marianne I. Parent, Henrik Stryhn, K. Larry Hammell, Mark D. Fast, Jon Grant, Raphael Vanderstichel
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the impact of infestation pressures on the abundance of parasitic sea louse in the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada, using the Fish-iTrends database for the years 2009-2018. The results showed that infestation pressures within and among sites significantly increased the abundance of sea lice, suggesting that synchronizing treatments between sites could improve sea lice burdens in Atlantic salmon farms.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jv Zhang, Juncai Chen, Qianjun Huang, Brett MacKinnon, Omid Nekouei, Hong Liu, Peng Jia, Jinjin Wang, Na Li, Liqing Huang, Ying Yang, Pok Ng, Sophie St-Hilaire
Summary: The study found that copper/carbon core/shell nanoparticles and the commercial filter product COPPERWARE (R) both exhibited significant inhibitory effects against Saprolegnia parasitica, with even the lowest concentration of CCCSNs showing notable inhibition. However, leaching of copper into the water and water turbidity issues were observed, raising concerns for sensitive aquatic species. Despite these challenges, CCCSNs have promising potential for water disinfection.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Taja Vajs, Omid Nekouei, Nora M. Biermann
Summary: Traumatic injuries in the hock region of horses often lead to synovial infection, which is a major complication. This study aimed to describe the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of hock injuries with synovial infection. Increased synovial effusion, severe lameness, persistent lameness, certain wound locations, and diagnostic modalities were associated with synovial infection. Systemic antimicrobial treatment duration was shorter than previous reports, and local antimicrobial therapy was effective. Overall survival was excellent. This study provides valuable insights for future clinical practice and treatment of these injuries.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paolo Martelli, Sophie St-Hilaire, Wai-Suk Hui, Karthiyani Krishnasamy, Ioannis Magouras, Omid Nekouei
Summary: This study assessed the serological response to rabies vaccination in Hong Kong macaques and provided evidence-based recommendations for the vaccination interval implemented by the Government of Hong Kong. The results showed that a majority of macaques developed antibodies against rabies after vaccination, indicating the potential benefits of the current vaccination strategy to protect the population from rabies.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Omid Nekouei, Denis Yau, Brett MacKinnon, Ioannis Magouras, Anne Conan, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Surya Paudel, Dirk U. Pfeiffer
Summary: This study aimed to assess the quality of newly hatched broiler chicks in Hong Kong and provide tailored recommendations for their management. The study found that imported batches generally had higher body weight, length, and antibody levels compared to local batches, while local batches had a higher proportion of abnormal navels. Establishing a well-managed broiler breeder farm and hatchery in Hong Kong is highly recommended to enhance the health and productivity of the local broiler chicken industry.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sophie St-Hilaire, Omid Nekouei, Rebecca S. V. Parkes, Sarah M. M. Rosanowski
Summary: This article explains how to combine epidemiology with evidence-based veterinary medicine principles to create a practical course for veterinary students. Students develop useful skills for veterinary practice through this course.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
F. I. Hill, J. P. Speelman, K. K. L. Hui, O. Nekouei, P. Beczkowski, V. R. Barrs
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to characterize the characteristics and outcomes of dogs with gallbladder mucocoele (GBM) admitted to a veterinary hospital in Hong Kong. The study found that GBM was frequently associated with inflammation and had high survival rates after surgical management.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hend M. M. El Damaty, Sarah G. G. Yousef, Farouk A. A. El-Balkemy, Omid Nekouei, Yasser S. S. Mahmmod, Ibrahim Elsohaby
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of tropical theileriosis in asymptomatic cattle and water buffaloes and identify the potential risk factors of theileriosis. The results showed that tick infestation and warmer seasons were the main risk factors associated with theileriosis infection.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Paolo Capozza, Maura Carrai, Yan Ru Choi, Thomas Tu, Omid Nekouei, Gianvito Lanave, Vito Martella, Julia A. A. Beatty, Vanessa R. R. Barrs
Summary: The prevalence, load, and risk factors for DCH detection among cats in Hong Kong were investigated. DCH DNA was detected in 11.1% of the blood samples from owned cats, with a wide range of viral loads. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the DCH strains circulating in Hong Kong belong to Genotype A, clustering with viruses from Australia and Asia (clade A1) and distinct from viruses from Europe (clade A2).
Article
Fisheries
Ju Zhang, Liqing Huang, Pok Him Ng, Ladan Jahangiri, Qianjun Huang, Libei Huang, Brett MacKinnon, Ying Yang, Omid Nekouei, Yefeng Yang, Andrew Ferguson, Ana Rita Marques, Ruquan Ye, Sophie St-Hilaire
Summary: Bacterial infections are a major problem in aquaculture, but the use of antibiotics has led to antimicrobial resistance. This study presents a drug-free and cost-effective method for rapidly and safely disinfecting water. The use of laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes charged with low voltage effectively killed bacteria in different circulating saltwater systems. The treatment had no negative effects on water quality parameters and fish health. This method shows promise as an efficient and safe way to control bacteria in saltwater systems.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Daniela Hernandez Muguiro, Omid Nekouei, Kei Ying Lee, Fraser Hill, Vanessa R. Barrs
Summary: This study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and Babesia species in owned dogs suspected of tick-borne infection in Hong Kong, and to identify risk factors associated with B. gibsoni infection. The results showed that Babesia infections and E. canis infections were common in the tested dogs, with B. gibsoni being the most prevalent infection.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anne Conan, Omid Nekouei, Surya Paudel, Arthur Ching, Denis Yau, Dirk Pfeiffer
Summary: A serological survey was conducted in chicken farms in Hong Kong SAR, showing a seroprevalence of 80.6% for avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) in unvaccinated batches. The results indicate a high exposure level of broiler chickens to aMPV in poultry farms in Hong Kong SAR.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Fisheries
Brett MacKinnon, Partho Pratim Debnath, Melba G. G. Bondad-Reantaso, Sophie Fridman, Hao Bin, Omid Nekouei
Summary: Risk analysis is crucial for improving biosecurity in tilapia aquaculture. Feasible, effective, and sustainable control measures should be chosen based on the multi-faceted approach to disease control in tilapia.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Theethawat Uea-Anuwong, Kaylee A. Byers, Lloyd Christian Wahl, Omid Nekouei, Yrjo Tapio Grohn, Ioannis Magouras
Summary: This scoping review synthesized research findings on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Rattus spp. and found that peridomestic Rattus spp. can carry multiple antimicrobial resistant bacteria, indicating their potential to serve as reservoirs and spreaders of AMR, posing a threat to human and animal health.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ka-To Chu, Omid Nekouei, Jeanine Rhoda Sandy
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic factors for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma, including tumor histological grading, cellular atypia, clinical staging, and CD 31 expression. The results showed that histopathological grading and clinical staging were not associated with the survival time, while strong CD 31 expression was observed in dogs with short survival times. This study provides a basis for further research on the prognostic value of CD 31 expression in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)