Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Rezaei Ardani, Sheikh Abdul Rezan Sheikh Abdul Hamid, Abdul Rahman Mohamed
Summary: This study introduces a novel method for synthesizing titanium hydride powder from ilmenite at low temperature through a series of reactions. The results show that longer reaction time and higher temperature enhance the production of titanium hydride powder.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qipeng Bao, Yiru Yang, Xiaochun Wen, Lei Guo, Zhancheng Guo
Summary: This paper presents a novel technology using high-temperature remelting spheroidization (HRS) to prepare spherical metal powders, with a focus on copper powder spheroidization. The results show unique advantages of HRS technology in producing perfect spherical metal powders with improved fluidity.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Thomas Childerhouse, Everth Hernandez-Nava, Nikolaos Tapoglou, Rachid M'Saoubi, Luiz Franca, Wayne Leahy, Martin Jackson
Summary: This study found that removing defects during machining can significantly improve fatigue performance in metal additive manufactured components, while hot isostatic pressing treatment can effectively reduce gas porosity to a lesser degree than machining.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Junhui Ma, Tanny Tran, Olufisayo A. Gali, Reza A. Riahi
Summary: This study investigates the impact of drill bit quality on the machining behavior of additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy titanium alloys. The results show that the coated carbide drill offers better drilling performance in additive manufactured titanium alloys, but has limited improvement in powder metallurgy titanium alloys.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Byungmin Ahn
Summary: Ti-6Al-4V alloy was prepared using selective laser melting (SLM) method and subjected to heat treatment in this study. The results showed that heat treated samples exhibited a reduction in defects, a change in morphology of the alpha'-martensite, a significant decrease in strength, but an improvement in elongation. An optimal combination of strength and elongation was found at 900°C.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Soroush Parvizi, Seyed Mahdi Hashemi, Fatemeh Asgarinia, Mohammadreza Nematollahi, Mohammad Elahinia
Summary: This paper reviews the excellent properties of NiTi alloys in aerospace and biomedical applications, focusing on powder metallurgy techniques. It analyzes the impact of various processing parameters on microstructure and properties, discusses the influence of alloying elements, and summarizes the results of employing different processing parameters. Additionally, it considers novel functional structures and aims to provide a better understanding of the correlation between process parameters and properties of NiTi parts manufactured by PM processes.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Stanislau Niauzorau, Natalya Kublik, Emmanuel Dasinor, Amm Hasib, Aliaksandr Sharstniou, Bruno Azeredo
Summary: Spherical nanoporous copper powders (PCu) were synthesized via dealloying of Cu-Al gas-atomized precursors with high-throughput, moderate flowability, moderate-oxygen content, high-surface area, and free of precipitates. The nanoscale weldability of hybrid feedstocks composed of PCu and copper nanoparticles were used to overcome the metastability of PCu and preserve its high-surface area. Open-die casting in reducing atmospheres resulted in parts with ultimate compression strength while forming electrically conductive solids with preserved nanoporosity.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Etienne Martin, Arunkumar Natarajan, Srikanth Kottilingam, Rasim Batmaz
Summary: This study examines the advantages and disadvantages of using BJAM to produce high gamma' Ni-based superalloys. During the sintering process, the formation of HfO2 and Ta-rich carbides along prior particle boundaries was observed, impacting the mechanical properties of the material.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lukasz Zrodowski, Rafal Wroblewski, Tomasz Choma, Bartosz Moronczyk, Mateusz Ostrysz, Marcin Leonowicz, Wojciech Lacisz, Piotr Blyskun, Jan S. Wrobel, Grzegorz Cieslak, Bartlomiej Wysocki, Cezary Zrodowski, Karolina Pomian
Summary: The newly developed ultrasonic atomization method shows great promise in producing powders suitable for additive manufacturing, with highly spherical particles produced through electric arc melting and standing wave vibrations. This method has the potential to be a valuable tool for material scientists in developing powders with tailored chemical composition, size, and structure.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Herbert Canziani, Frederik Bever, Alexander Sommereyns, Michael Schmidt, Nicolas Vogel
Summary: The study demonstrates a process of designing polymer and composite supraparticle powders with excellent flowability and tailored composition. By assembling powders from the bottom up and selecting suitable colloidal primary particles, precise control over surface roughness and internal morphology can be achieved. These prepared powders have optimized flowability and can be used in powder bed additive manufacturing for producing various structures.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Rothfelder, L. Lanzl, J. Selzam, D. Drummer, M. Schmidt
Summary: This work explores the contact mechanical properties and flowability of polymer and metal powders for laser-based powder bed fusion in additive manufacturing. By using a vibrational microfeeding system, additives can be locally incorporated into metal and polymer powders. Factors influencing powder discharge include excitation frequency, amplitude, capillary diameter, particle size distribution, and physical properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Blake C. Stewart, Haley R. Doude, Shiraz Mujahid, Eric T. Fox, Jennifer E. Edmunson, Morgan B. Abney, Hongjoo Rhee
Summary: As the race to colonize Mars continues, the use of energy efficient manufacturing techniques using ionic liquids (ILs) derived from regolith oxides and meteorites shows great potential. This study demonstrates that IL-sourced Fe can be used as feedstock for laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) to produce metallic materials for additive manufacturing.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cambre N. Kelly, Tian Wang, James Crowley, Dan Wills, Matthew H. Pelletier, Edward R. Westrick, Samuel B. Adams, Ken Gall, William R. Walsh
Summary: The optimization of porous titanium alloy scaffolds for orthopedic implants involves balancing mechanical properties and osseointegrative performance. Research findings suggest a complex relationship between scaffold porosity and performance, with a linear relationship observed between porosity and benchtop mechanical properties, and a non-linear relationship observed between porosity and ex vivo cortical bone-implant interfacial shear strength.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qipeng Bao, Lei Guo, Tao Qi, Zhancheng Guo
Summary: In this paper, a novel flash remelting spheroidization (FRS) method was used to prepare high-quality spherical metal powder. The experimental results show that this method can significantly improve the sphericity of the powder and avoid the defects in conventional methods.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Cambre N. Kelly, C. Kahra, Hans J. Maier, Ken Gall
Summary: The study establishes relationships between post-processing, microstructure, and resulting fatigue properties for gyroid-sheet scaffolds with as-fabricated surfaces. Despite the inherent surface roughness of L-PBF, the gyroid-sheet scaffolds show high compressive fatigue strength, exceeding 50% after surface treatments, making them desirable for biomedical applications.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huang Liu, Pei Sun, Robert C. Bowman, Zhigang Zak Fang, Yong Liu, Chengshang Zhou
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bin Liu, Heng Duan, Liangsheng Li, ChengShang Zhou, Junyang He, Haibo Wu
Summary: This article introduces a new industrial method for preparing spherical high entropy alloy powders and discusses their characteristics. The powder has a single structure and high hardness, making it suitable for superhard materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongwen Huang, Huang Liu, Chengshang Zhou
Summary: The study investigates the effect of driving force on the activation energy of catalyzed MgH2 systems, showing that high driving force leads to higher hydrogenation activation energy. However, dehydrogenation activation energy remains unchanged under different driving forces.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chengshang Zhou, Ke Li, Tongwen Huang, Pei Sun, Li Wang, Yanshan Lu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: This study demonstrates the in situ formation of nanocrystalline MgH2 by hydrogenation at room temperature and investigates the effects of hydrogenation variables on the nanostructure. The results show that hydrogenated samples under lower pressure have larger MgH2 nanocrystallites and improved dehydrogenation kinetics. The study identifies hydrogenation pressure, temperature, and defect density as critical parameters affecting the nucleation rate of MgH2.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chengshang Zhou, Fangrui Lin, Pei Sun, Zoujun Chen, Zhongyuan Duan, Xianzhi Zhu, Yong Liu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: This paper introduces a novel approach called constrained hydrogenation assisted densification (CHAD) for improving the density of powder metallurgy Ti alloys. The results demonstrate that CHAD can effectively reduce or eliminate residual porosity in Ti alloys and improve their tensile properties. This method is considered as an efficient and cost-effective technique for manufacturing high-density Ti alloys.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingxi Zhang, Huang Liu, Pei Sun, Chengshang Zhou, Xueyi Guo, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: In this study, MgO doping and air exposure methods were used to add oxygen to MgH2-TiH2 materials, and the hydrogen storage properties of these materials were systematically investigated. The results showed that MgO doping accelerated the absorption kinetics at ambient temperature, hindered the growth of Mg crystalline, and reduced the desorption temperature. On the contrary, air exposure significantly deteriorated the kinetics of MgH2-TiH2 under both ambient and high temperature. The hydrogenation kinetics of the air-exposed sample can be recovered under cycling. Our results indicated that the effect of MgO is highly dependent on the means to introduce MgO and the location of MgO in the matrix structure. Air exposure is the main factor for the degradation of hydrogen storage properties, but MgO doping positively affects the performance of Mg-based hydride.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huang Liu, Jingxi Zhang, Pei Sun, Chengshang Zhou, Yong Liu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: Hydrogen storage is a critical barrier in the hydrogen-based clean energy supply chain. TiFe alloy, a candidate material for stationary hydrogen storage, is still in the early stage of understanding its hydrogen storage properties and developing industrially deployable storage technologies. This study systematically investigates the effects of oxygen on the equilibrium pressure of TiFe-H intermetallic hydride, revealing the influence of oxygen on the (de)hydrogenation behavior and thermodynamics of the TiFe-H system.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ke Li, Tongwen Huang, Yunhe Gao, Chengshang Zhou
Summary: This study introduces a method of using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano-coating to improve the antioxidant properties of hydrogen storage alloys. The results show that the PMMA-coating enhances the capacity, kinetics, and thermodynamic properties of the alloys compared to uncoated alloys. It also provides effective protection against oxygen contamination and oxidation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huang Liu, Jingxi Zhang, Pei Sun, Chengshang Zhou, Yong Liu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: In this study, the effect of oxygen addition on the phase composition and hydrogen storage properties of TiFe alloys was systematically investigated. The results showed that high oxygen content improved the initial hydrogen sorption of TiFe, but reduced the hydrogen capacity. Increasing oxygen content also slightly increased the hydrogenation equilibrium pressure, but had almost no impact on the thermodynamics of TiFe alloy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingxi Zhang, Huang Liu, Pei Sun, Xueyi Guo, Chengshang Zhou, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: The high operation temperature limits the practical applications of magnesium hydride. The hydrogenation performance at relatively low temperatures degrades rapidly during cycling. However, the hydrogenation kinetic rate can be restored by subjecting the performance-degraded sample to an ultra-high-energy high-pressure planetary ball mill again. The nanocrystalline structure with a high concentration of defects in the ball-milled Mg-based material is critical for achieving a good kinetic rate of hydrogen adsorption at room temperature. The defect concentration effects on hydrogen absorption are more significant than crystallite size.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huang Liu, Jingxi Zhang, Chengshang Zhou, Pei Sun, Yong Liu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of Nb alloying on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of Ti-Fe-Zr-Mn-Nbx alloys. The addition of 2% Nb enables a good combination of the hydrogen capacity and activation property, while Zr-rich phases play a critical role in the activation behavior. However, high Nb addition (> 4%) leads to the reduction of Zr-rich phases and deteriorates the activation kinetics. Nb addition also promotes the formation of the TiFe main phase and increases capacities at ambient temperature. The correlations between microstructure and hydrogen storage performance provide insights into tailoring hydrogen storage properties by alloying TiFe with multi-elements.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongwen Huang, Chengshang Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new model based on the classical JMAK model, taking into account the preferential growth of the hydride phase from the surface into the bulk in Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys, resulting in a diffusion barrier effect. A new parameter, surface diffusion barrier index b, is introduced to quantify the surface diffusion barrier effect. The modified JMAK model demonstrates improved fitting performance for the hydrogenation analysis in multiple Mg-based systems. Additionally, the relationship between diffusion barrier index b and the reaction rate is discussed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingxi Zhang, Huang Liu, Chengshang Zhou, Pei Sun, Xueyi Guo, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: In this study, equiatomic high entropy alloys (HEAs) such as TiVNbZrFe were used as catalysts to improve the kinetics of MgH2. The results showed that TiVNbZrFe alloy exhibited excellent catalytic effect, with a lower temperature and pressure required for hydrogen release and absorption. This alloy also demonstrated stable cycling properties with a significant reduction in activation energy compared to pure MgH2.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chengshang Zhou, Yunhe Gao, Robert C. Bowman, Jingxi Zhang, Huang Liu, Pei Sun, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: This study proposes an efficient method using TGA to measure the thermodynamic parameters of metal hydrides. By cycling catalyzed magnesium hydride and analyzing TGA curves, absorption/desorption equilibrium temperatures and reaction enthalpies and entropies were determined. The results demonstrate that TGA can provide accurate measurements and is a more efficient alternative to the traditional PCT method.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chengshang Zhou, Jingxi Zhang, Robert C. Bowman Jr, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: Magnesium-based hydrides are considered promising candidates for solid-state hydrogen storage and thermal energy storage due to their high hydrogen capacity, reversibility, and abundant magnesium elements. Catalytic doping with titanium-based catalysts is an effective approach to improving the sluggish kinetics of MgH2. In recent decades, intensive efforts have been made to understand the fundamental principles of catalysis for the Mg-H-2 reaction using titanium-based additives.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.
