Article
Fisheries
Antony J. Prabhu Philip, Per Gunnar Fjelldal, Sofie C. Remo, Chandrasekar Selvam, Kristin Hamre, Marit Espe, Elisabeth Holen, Kaja H. Skjaerven, Vibeke Viksa, Saravanan Subramanian, Johan W. Schrama, Nini H. Sissener
Summary: The study showed that modulating the electrolyte and/or mineral balance in freshwater feeds can pre-adapt mineral metabolism and intestinal response to seawater transfer in Atlantic salmon. Additionally, the dietary electrolyte balance did not affect the long term development of cataract or vertebral deformities.
Article
Fisheries
Cui Liu, Anjana M. Palihawadana, Nimalan Nadanasabesan, Ghana K. Vasanth, Ioannis N. Vatsos, Jorge Dias, Luisa M. P. Valente, Giulia Micallef, Mette Sorensen, Viswanath Kiron
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of using microalgae as a feed ingredient for fish and validates the results through both a laboratory study and a farm trial. The findings suggest that microalgae can slightly increase the deposition of n-3 fatty acids, EPA, and DHA in Atlantic salmon. Additionally, the pre-treatment of microalgae using extrusion shows positive effects on fish growth, digestibility, and feed utilization efficiency.
Article
Ecology
Hannele M. Honkanen, Danielle L. Orrell, Matthew Newton, Simon McKelvey, Alastair Stephen, R. Alistair Duguid, Colin E. Adams
Summary: The study found that the success rate of Atlantic salmon migration through standing waters is generally low, possibly due to a lack of navigational cues. The impact of impounded lakes on Atlantic salmon migration is not significantly different from that of naturally draining lakes, and may depend more on factors such as lake basin shape, exit route, and navigational cues available to the fish.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Signe Dille Lovmo, Henrik Sundh, Paul Whatmore, Malene Fosse Nordvi, Trygve Sigholt, Angelico Madaro, Tora Bardal, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: The study found that feeding Atlantic salmon a high EPA diet improved intestinal health, while low HUFA fed fish had lower energy utilization. Chronic stress led to intestinal barrier damage and inflammation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Amalie Moxness Reksten, Quang Tri Ho, Ole Jakob Nostbakken, Maria Wik Markhus, Marian Kjellevold, Annbjorg Bokevoll, Rita Hannisdal, Livar Froyland, Lise Madsen, Lisbeth Dahl
Summary: The changes in the feed of farmed Atlantic salmon have affected the nutritional value of the fish, with a decrease of over 60% in the contents of EPA and DHA. However, farmed Atlantic salmon still remains an important source of EPA, DHA, protein, selenium, vitamin B-12, and vitamin D-3.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bjorg Kristine Hundal, Esmail Lutfi, Trygve Sigholt, Grethe Rosenlund, Nina Sylvia Liland, Brett Glencross, Nini Hedberg Sissener
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of EPA and DHA on the hepatic metabolic health of Atlantic salmon reared in sea cages. The results showed that feeding low levels of EPA+DHA altered hepatic energy metabolism, resulting in reduced beta-oxidation and compensated by increased activity in alternative energy pathways. Increased acylcarnitines in the liver indicated issues with lipid metabolism. Fish fed higher levels of EPA+DHA showed improved growth compared to other groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariann Eilertsen, Benjamin G. J. Clokie, Lars O. E. Ebbesson, Cristina Tanase, Herve Migaud, Jon Vidar Helvik
Summary: Photoreceptive inputs to the teleost brain are perceived as images of the visual world and modulation of neuroendocrine and neuronal signals. This study tested the effects of narrow bandwidth light on brain neural activity in Atlantic salmon, revealing an increase in c-fos expression and activation of specific brain regions following light stimulation. The overlapping expression patterns of c-fos and nonvisual opsins suggest a direct light stimulation of deep brain photoreceptors.
Article
Fisheries
Signe Dille Lovmo, Paul Whatmore, Henrik Sundh, Trygve Sigholt, Angelico Madaro, Tora Bardal, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: This study investigates the dietary needs and benefits of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) for Atlantic salmon, finding that a low HUFA diet can sustain growth and intestinal health under controlled conditions but is impaired after chronic stress. Increasing levels of EPA and DHA can strengthen the intestinal barrier response to chronic stress.
Article
Fisheries
Morten Omholt Alver, Martin Fore, Jo Arve Alfredsen
Summary: The research team developed a mathematical model based on the advection-diffusion equation to predict dissolved oxygen levels in fish sea cages. The model was tested in a large production unit and performed well, but may require more detailed information on fish behavior and current conditions within the cages to improve accuracy.
Article
Ecology
Olivia M. Simmons, Stephen D. Gregory, Phillipa K. Gillingham, William D. Riley, Luke J. Scott, J. Robert Britton
Summary: This study investigated the impacts of various biological and environmental factors on the migration timing of individual Atlantic salmon smolts. It found that warmer winters, daily changes in water temperature and discharge, as well as the location and size of the smolts influenced their migration timing. The results highlight the importance of considering a wide range of variables in understanding and predicting the phenology of smolt migrations.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Maria F. Morales-Rivera, Diego Valenzuela-Miranda, Gustavo Nunez-Acuna, Barbara P. Benavente, Cristian Gallardo-Escarate, Valentina Valenzuela-Munoz
Summary: This study explored the diversity and abundance of the Atlantic salmon intestinal microbiota and metagenome functional prediction during seawater transfer under three treatments. The results showed an influence of salinity changes on Atlantic salmon gut microbiota richness, diversity, and taxonomic composition. The reported knowledge can be applied to surveil the microbiome in smolt fish production, improving the performance of Atlantic salmon to seawater transfer.
Article
Fisheries
Kyla Meagan Zatti, Monica Juarez Ceballos, Victoria Valdenegro Vega, Vegard Denstadli
Summary: The global goal of developing sustainable aquafeed has faced challenges in sourcing raw materials, particularly the limited availability of fish oil. However, commercial algal alternatives have emerged as a potential solution. A study was conducted to evaluate the full replacement of fish oil with algae oil in Atlantic salmon feed and the results showed that it effectively reduced the levels of contaminants in the fish fillet without compromising its growth performance, health, and final product quality. This study highlights the importance of using algal alternatives in aquafeed to improve both food safety and sustainability.
Article
Immunology
Juan Pablo Pontigo, Carla Espinoza, Mauricio Hernandez, Guillermo Nourdin, Cristian Oliver, Ruben Avendano-Herrera, Jaime Figueroa, Cecilia Rauch, Jose M. Troncoso, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alejandro J. Yanez
Summary: Developing an effective and economical vaccine against Piscirickettsia salmonis is crucial for sustainable salmon farming. One vaccine prototype effectively protected Atlantic salmon by inducing specific antibodies and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while the other two activated innate immune responses but did not provide protection. Understanding the protein formulation of vaccines based on P. salmonis is essential for improving immune responses and disease resistance in Atlantic salmon.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Haitham Tartor, Marius Karlsen, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen, Aderito Luis Monjane, Charles McLean Press, Christer Wiik-Nielsen, Rolf Hetlelid Olsen, Lisa Marie Leknes, Karine Yttredal, Bjorn Erik Brudeseth, Soren Grove
Summary: This study examined the immunogenicity and protective effect of a vaccine against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that the vaccine can provide protection against salmon lice infestation, and the level of protection is dose-dependent. The study also found that the vaccine can trigger a specific immune response in vaccinated fish and result in the production of specific antibodies. These findings suggest the potential of using the parasite's feeding behavior to deliver salmon-specific antibodies against lice-gut proteins.
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Vacca, Ana S. Gomes, Koji Murashita, Raffella Cinquetti, Cristina Roseti, Amilcare Barca, Ivar Ronnestad, Tiziano Verri, Elena Bossi
Summary: Two slc15a2-type genes were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome, encoding PepT2-type peptide transporters. While slc15a2a transcripts are widely distributed in fish tissues, abundant in the brain and gills, slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Both PepT2a and PepT2b function as high-affinity transporters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
A. Galindo, D. Garrido, O. Monroig, J. A. Perez, M. B. Betancor, N. G. Acosta, N. Kabeya, M. A. Marrero, A. Bolanos, C. Rodriguez
Summary: Reducing fishfeed dependency and species diversification are crucial for sustainable aquaculture development. Substituting fish oil with vegetable oils is economically feasible, but may compromise the nutritional value. Three fish species were studied for their potential to biosynthesize LC-PUFA, showing promise for aquaculture diversification.
Article
Fisheries
Bo Shi, Fangmin Xu, Qicun Zhou, Melanie K. Regan, Monica B. Betancor, Douglas R. Tocher, Mihai Sun, Fanyi Meng, Lefei Jiao, Min Jin
Summary: The study showed that dietary organic zinc significantly improved the growth performance, mineral bioaccumulation, innate immune response, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific white shrimp. The optimal dietary zinc requirement was estimated to be 104.8 mg kg(-1).
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew Sprague, Tsz Chong Chau, David I. Givens
Summary: Iodine content was assessed in wild and farmed seafood available to UK consumers, with wild fish generally exhibiting higher levels of iodine than farmed fish. The iodine content was mainly influenced by the type and inclusion level of feed ingredients, and the contribution of different seafood types to iodine intake varied.
Review
Agronomy
Lars B. Scharff, Vandasue L. R. Saltenis, Poul Erik Jensen, Alexandra Baekelandt, Alexandra J. Burgess, Meike Burow, Aldo Ceriotti, Jean-Pierre Cohan, Fernando Geu-Flores, Barbara Ann Halkier, Richard P. Haslam, Dirk Inze, Rene Klein Lankhorst, Erik H. Murchie, Johnathan A. Napier, Philippe Nacry, Martin A. J. Parry, Angelo Santino, Aurelia Scarano, Francesca Sparvoli, Ralf Wilhelm, Mathias Pribil
Summary: Enhancing the nutritional quality of crops through increasing protein content, improving protein functionality, and optimizing the content of vitamins and minerals, while reducing antinutrients and toxins, could help address 'hidden hunger' caused by micronutrient deficiencies and support a shift towards healthier and more sustainable plant-based diets.
FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lihua Han, Susana Silvestre, Olga Sayanova, Richard P. Haslam, Johnathan A. Napier
Summary: Camelina sativa, a member of the Brassicaceae family, is used as a transgenic host crop to accumulate omega-3 fatty acids normally found in marine organisms. Field trials have demonstrated the stability of this trait in Camelina.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lihua Han, Richard P. Haslam, Susana Silvestre, Chaofu Lu, Johnathan A. Napier
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richard Broughton, Douglas R. Tocher, Johnathan A. Napier, Monica B. Betancor
Summary: This study examines the lipid biochemical alterations in Atlantic salmon fed with aquafeeds containing genetically modified Camelina sativa oilseeds. Tissue-dependent trends and alterations in lipid structure were detected, suggesting that genetically modified oils can modify lipid composition in fish tissues.
Editorial Material
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Johnathan A. Napier
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Johnathan A. Napier, Monica B. Betancor
Summary: The challenges of ensuring good nutrition while protecting the environment have been recognized. Aquaculture, in particular, relies heavily on marine extraction for key feed ingredients, but also provides important nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids. This review discusses the progress in transitioning to using transgenic plant sources for these fatty acids as a substitute for fish oils. The validation phase and real-world potential of these plant-based omega-3 sources are considered, showcasing the power of GM agriculture to contribute to food security and sustainability.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pauline Wischhusen, Monica B. Betancor, Matthew Sprague, Aurelio Ortega, Fernando de la Gandara, Douglas R. Tocher, Gabriel Mourente
Summary: This study investigated the effect of dietary selenium supplementation on physiological parameters, selenoprotein and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae. It was found that feeding a diet containing 4.42 μg Se/g dry mass improved the expression of selenoproteins and antioxidant genes. This suggests that non-selenium-enriched rotifers may be suboptimal for first-feeding Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae.
Article
Plant Sciences
Maiara Piovesana, Ana K. M. Wood, Daniel P. Smith, Michael J. Deery, Richard Bayliss, Esther Carrera, Nikolaus Wellner, Ondrej Kosik, Johnathan A. Napier, Smita Kurup, Michaela C. Matthes
Summary: The crk10-A397T mutant of Arabidopsis, characterized by the replacement of alanine 397 with threonine in the kinase domain of CRK10, exhibits a dwarf phenotype with collapsed xylem vessels in the root and hypocotyl. Transcriptomic analysis reveals constitutive upregulation of stress-responsive genes in the mutant, and a root-infection assay demonstrates enhanced resistance to the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. The mutant is identified as a gain-of-function allele of CRK10 in Arabidopsis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jingjing Lu, Xinyue Tao, Jiaxiang Luo, Tingting Zhu, Lefei Jiao, Peng Sun, Qicun Zhou, Douglas R. Tocher, Min Jin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary choline supplementation on Pacific white shrimp. The results showed that dietary choline supplementation promoted the deposition of choline and its metabolites, had negative effects on the histological structure and fatty acid profile of the hepatopancreas, and regulated lipid metabolism. Appropriate dietary choline levels promoted the development of hepatopancreas R cells and maintained normal lipid accumulation, while high dietary choline levels enhanced lipid export and fatty acid oxidation, and inhibited de novo fatty acid synthesis.
Article
Fisheries
Monica B. Betancor, Matthew Sprague, Daniel Gonzalez-Silvera, Aurelio Ortega, Fernando de la Gandara, Xu Gong, Johnathan A. Napier, Douglas R. Tocher, Gabriel Mourente
Summary: Recently, genetically modified Camelina sativa has been used to produce oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which can potentially replace fish oil in the feeds for juvenile Atlantic Bluefin tuna. The study found that the oils showed positive effects on the growth, survival, and feed utilization of the tuna. Furthermore, the oils upregulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Cecile Brugere, Krishna Pillai Padmakumar, William Leschen, Douglas R. Tocher
Summary: The study reveals that fish farmers familiar with manufactured feed have a more positive attitude towards feed containing non-conventional ingredients. Peer pressure, importance and benefits of the novel aquafeed, perceived comparative advantage, and uncertainty regarding outcomes are the main determinants of intention to adopt the new feed innovation.
AQUACULTURE ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT
(2021)