Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eleonora Olivotto, Giovanni Trisolino, Elisa Belluzzi, Antonello Lazzaro, Alessandro Strazzari, Assunta Pozzuoli, Augusto Cigolotti, Pietro Ruggieri, Andrea Evangelista, Francesca Ometto, Stefano Stallone, Steven R. Goldring, Mary B. Goldring, Roberta Ramonda, Brunella Grigolo, Marta Favero
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between patients' characteristics, intraoperative pathology, and pre/post-operative symptoms in patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. The results showed that pre-operative symptoms and post-operative outcomes correlated with the severity of synovitis and cartilage pathology, particularly in older and obese patients. Obesity, time to surgery, high-grade synovial hyperplasia, and high-grade cartilage lesions were independent predictors of worse post-operative pain and function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Joseph D. Lamplot, William P. Tompkins, Michael Friedman, Joseph T. Nguyen, Muhammad Farooq Rai, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: Roughly half of patients who undergo APMM will develop incident radiographic OA within 6 years, with risk increasing in obese individuals. Females and patients with incident radiographic OA are more likely to meet clinical thresholds for OA.
Article
Orthopedics
Hayden F. Atkinson, Trevor B. Birmingham, Jenna M. Schulz, Codie A. Primeau, Kristyn M. Leitch, Stephany L. Pritchett, D. W. Holdsworth, J. R. Giffin
Summary: The study demonstrated that medial opening wedge HTO can improve articular cartilage composition in the medial compartment of the knee without negatively affecting the lateral compartment or patella. Furthermore, there were low associations between radiographic measures and T2 values of cartilage composition.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Emre Anil Ozbek, Armin Runer, Sahil Dadoo, Michael Dinenna, Monica Linde, Patrick Smolinski, Volker Musahl, Michael P. Mcclincy
Summary: The kinematic effect of a lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) was investigated in knees that underwent combined anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) and partial medial meniscus posterior horn (MMPH) meniscectomy. The results showed a significant increase in anterior tibial translation (ATT) in the MMPH state compared to the ACL-R state at 75° knee flexion. However, when the LET procedure was performed after MMPH, a significant decrease was observed in the ability to resist internal rotation (IR) and torque at all knee flexion angles, except for 90°.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Olivotto, Elisa Belluzzi, Assunta Pozzuoli, Augusto Cigolotti, Manuela Scioni, Steven R. Goldring, Mary B. Goldring, Pietro Ruggieri, Roberta Ramonda, Brunella Grigolo, Giovanni Trisolino, Marta Favero
Summary: This study investigated the synovial membrane and meniscal tissues in patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, and evaluated their association with clinical outcomes. The results showed that inflammation in the synovial membrane and meniscus was associated with pre-operative pain and knee symptoms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Daniel B. Haber, Brenton W. Douglass, Justin W. Arner, Jon W. Miles, Liam A. Peebles, Grant J. Dornan, Armando F. Vidal, Matthew T. Provencher
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of segmental medial meniscal allograft transplantation in restoring native knee loading characteristics after partial medial meniscectomy. The results showed that segmental medial meniscal transplantation restored the medial compartment mean contact pressure and mean contact area to values measured in the intact medial compartment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
James Orman Early, Lauren E. Fagan, Annie M. Curtis, Oran D. Kennedy
Summary: Inflammation is an important biological response to tissue damage, but dysregulation of the process can lead to tissue damage. Mitochondria play a key role in orchestrating the inflammatory response, beyond their traditional function in energy production. Osteoarthritis, previously thought of as non-inflammatory, now appears to involve chronic inflammation as well.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yanxi Liu, Karan M. Shah, Jian Luo
Summary: Articular cartilage is avascular and has limited ability to repair itself, leading to degenerative joint diseases. Current clinical treatments often result in mechanically inferior cartilage. Understanding factors affecting cartilage homeostasis and exploring emerging regenerative approaches are crucial for future treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Li, Xing Ji, Rebecca Seeley, Wen-Chih Lee, Yu Shi, Fangfang Song, Xueyang Liao, Chao Song, Xiaobin Huang, Danielle Rux, Ju Cao, Xiaoji Luo, Steven M. Anderson, Wei Huang, Fanxin Long
Summary: This study found that the expression of glucose transporter Glut1 is reduced in articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). Inducible deletion or forced expression of Glut1 can accelerate or protect against cartilage destruction, respectively. Moreover, in diabetic mice, both Glut1 expression and glycolysis rate are diminished in articular cartilage, resulting in more severe cartilage destruction.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheng-Pang Yang, Kung-Tseng Hung, Chun-Jui Weng, Alvin Chao-Yu Chen, Kuo-Yao Hsu, Yi-Sheng Chan
Summary: The study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of 61 patients who underwent meniscus repair, with findings showing that patients who received repeated PRP injections post-repair did not show significant differences in functional outcomes and healing rates compared to those who did not receive PRP injections.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Xiaohui Zhang, Shuo Yuan, Jun Wang, Bagen Liao, De Liang
Summary: This study used finite element modeling to evaluate the stress distribution and meniscus displacement of the tibiofemoral joint under different loads, finding that contact stress on both articular cartilage and meniscus increased with flexion degree, and the lateral meniscus had a larger maximum position shift value.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
F. Veronesi, B. Di Matteo, N. D. Vitale, G. Filardo, A. Visani, E. Kon, M. Fini
Summary: Research focused on developing and studying meniscal scaffolds, emphasizing the importance of preserving the meniscus to prevent osteoarthritis. While positive results were seen in preclinical studies, limitations in clinical research point to the need for further innovation.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Phaedra Winstanley-Zarach, Gregor Rot, Shweta Kuba, Aibek Smagul, Mandy J. J. Peffers, Simon R. R. Tew
Summary: Polyadenylation (polyA) defines the 3' boundary of a transcript's genetic information. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) transcripts can exist for a gene, causing variance in regulatory domains and potential coding sequence changes. This study analyzed the polyA site distribution in healthy and osteoarthritic knee articular chondrocytes and found modest differential use of polyadenylation sites between the two conditions, suggesting potential functional relevance in affected genes. This characterization of polyadenylation landscape contributes to understanding the role of polyA in knee osteoarthritis, distinguishing it from other pathologies such as cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Taku Saito
Summary: The superficial zone of articular cartilage produces PRG4, which contributes to smooth joint motion. PRG4, besides being an extracellular matrix protein, has novel signaling effects. Various molecules and signaling pathways regulate the expression of PRG4 and the superficial zone. Further research on PRG4-related pathways and cells may uncover the mechanisms underlying joint homeostasis.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
M. Jarraya, A. Guermazi, J. W. Liew, I. Tolstykh, J. A. Lynch, P. Aliabadi, D. T. Felson, M. Clancy, M. Nevitt, C. E. Lewis, J. Torner, T. Neogi
Summary: The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of CT-detected intra-articular mineralization. It was found that 9.8% of knees had intra-articular mineralization based on CT imaging. Mineralization predominantly occurred in the three compartments of the joint, especially the patellofemoral compartment.
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Warren R. Dunn, Brian R. Wolf, Carolyn M. Hettrich
Summary: Patient-specific variables, including preoperative symptoms duration, baseline activity level, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), number of dislocations, smoking status, and race, are associated with shoulder activity level in patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery. Understanding these factors can help predict postoperative outcomes and guide treatment decisions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Michael S. Nichols, Cale A. Jacobs, Nicole G. Lemaster, Justin A. Magnuson, Scott D. Mair, Shannon F. Ortiz, Carolyn M. Hettrich
Summary: Previous studies have shown that psychosocial factors and comorbid depression affect preoperative symptoms in patients undergoing shoulder surgery. This study aimed to determine if these factors have a different impact on patients with traumatic vs. atraumatic shoulder instability. The results indicate that worse psychosocial factors are more strongly associated with shoulder-related pain and function in patients with atraumatic instability.
JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Young Mi Oh, Seong Won Lee, Woo Kyung Kim, Shawei Chen, Victoria A. Church, Kitra Cates, Tiandao Li, Bo Zhang, Roland E. Dolle, Sonika Dahiya, Stephen C. Pak, Gary A. Silverman, David H. Perlmutter, Andrew S. Yoo
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of neurodegeneration in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and found that age-associated upregulation of miR-29b-3p impairs autophagy and leads to neuronal degeneration. The researchers also demonstrated that reducing miR-29b-3p or promoting autophagy can increase the resilience of HD-MSNs against neurodegeneration.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Tomoyuki Kamenaga, Jie Shen, May Wu, Robert H. H. Brophy, John C. C. Clohisy, Regis J. J. O'Keefe, Cecilia Pascual-Garrido
Summary: This study examined the catabolic state of articular chondrocytes and the expression of DNMT3B and ABAT during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in hip femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The findings showed that early-FAI and late-FAI-OA patients exhibited a histological OA phenotype and increased expression of catabolic markers. DNMT3B was underexpressed and ABAT was overexpressed in advanced disease. IL1 beta stimulus further accentuated catabolic marker overexpression through ABAT promoter hypomethylation, while TGF beta normalized these alterations. Suppression of ABAT through methylation control could be a potential therapeutic target for preventing OA progression in hip FAI.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Kent Jason Lowry
Summary: Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guideline is a comprehensive guide that provides recommendations and options for managing ACL injuries based on the best available evidence. It serves as a valuable resource for healthcare practitioners and guideline developers, and also identifies gaps in the literature and informs areas for future research and quality measure development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haocheng Qin, Cuicui Wang, Yonghua He, Aiwu Lu, Tiandao Li, Bo Zhang, Jie Shen
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease and a leading cause of disability, but its underlying pathogenesis is poorly understood. Inflammation is known to disturb joint homeostasis in OA, and microRNA-146a-5p (miR-146a-5p) has been identified as a key regulator of inflammation in this study. Increased expression of miR-146a-5p was found in human OA cartilage, and experimental results showed that miR-146a-5p can regulate inflammatory responses and catabolism in chondrocytes. Silencing miR-146a-5p alleviated cartilage destruction and reduced OA-induced pain in a mouse model.
Article
Orthopedics
Carolyn M. Hettrich, Justin A. Magnuson, Keith M. Baumgarten, Robert H. Brophy, Michael Kattan, Julie Y. Bishop, Matthew J. Bollier, Jonathan T. Bravman, Gregory L. Cvetanovich, Warren R. Dunn, Brian T. Feeley, Rachel M. Frank, John E. Kuhn, Drew A. Lansdown, C. Benjamin Ma, Robert G. Marx, Eric C. McCarty, Andrew S. Neviaser, Shannon F. Ortiz, Adam J. Seidl, Matthew V. Smith, Rick W. Wright, Alan L. Zhang, Kevin J. Cronin, Brian R. Wolf
Summary: This study aimed to investigate predictors of glenoid and humeral head bone loss in patients undergoing surgery for anterior shoulder instability. The results showed that an increasing number of dislocations was associated with bone loss. Early surgical stabilization may be the most effective method for preventing progression to clinically significant bone loss.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Muhammad Farooq Rai, Lei Cai, Qiang Zhang, R. Reid Townsend, Robert H. H. Brophy
Summary: The proteomics of knee synovial fluid changes over time after ACL injury, with an increase in inflammatory/catabolic proteins and a decrease in chondroprotective proteins.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Alexander W. Aleem, Muhammad Farooq Rai, Lei Cai, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: This study found that shoulder instability is associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis (OA). Gene expression in the glenoid cartilage differs significantly between patients with instability and those with OA. Patients with OA displayed higher expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-anabolic genes, while patients with instability had higher expression of extracellular matrix and pro-anabolic genes. Furthermore, patients with acute instability had greater metabolic activity compared to those with chronic instability.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Richard M. Silverman, Kent Jason Lowry
Summary: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) has released a clinical practice guideline in 2022 to provide optimal management for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. The guideline was developed with input from various medical societies and is based on the best available evidence. The cases presented in this article serve as examples to demonstrate the clinical application of these guidelines.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Cale A. Jacobs, Shannon F. Ortiz, Brian R. Wolf, Carolyn M. Hettrich, MOON Shoulder Grp
Summary: This study assessed the validity and responsiveness of a shortened version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (Short-WOSI). The Short-WOSI demonstrated excellent internal consistency and construct validity, and was similarly responsive as the full WOSI. Using instability-specific instruments such as the Short-WOSI is advantageous in assessing shoulder instability patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Andrew W. Kuhn, Joseph M. Rund, Brian R. Wolf, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of multicenter studies in the orthopedic literature compared to general medicine and other surgical subspecialties. The results showed an increase in the number of multicenter research studies in orthopedic surgery journals compared to a previous study, but orthopedic surgery still lags behind other fields. Multicenter trials have played a significant role in musculoskeletal care, but further efforts are needed to promote and support their participation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
P. M. Inclan, R. H. Brophy
Summary: ACL graft failure can cause knee instability and require revision ACL reconstruction surgery. Prior evaluation is necessary to identify predisposing factors and select the optimal graft. Revision ACLr often includes additional procedures and has worse clinical outcomes and reoperation rates compared to primary ACLr.
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Cale A. Jacobs, Shannon F. Ortiz, Brian R. Wolf, Carolyn M. Hettrich, MOON Shoulder Grp
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the validity and responsiveness of a shortened version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (Short-WOSI) compared to the full WOSI and other shoulder-related PROM instruments. The results show that the Short-WOSI demonstrates excellent internal consistency, good construct validity, and similar responsiveness to the full WOSI over time. Neither the Short-WOSI nor the WOSI correlates well with more general shoulder PROMs, highlighting the advantage of using instability-specific instruments for this population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)