期刊
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
卷 57, 期 5, 页码 1008-1019出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw039
关键词
Antifouling; Fatty acid derivatives; Hydrocarbons; Laurencia translucida; Storage compounds; Vacuoles
资金
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior [06/2011]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico, Tecnologico [06/2011, 09/2011]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [09/2011]
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia [06/2011]
- Ministerio da Educacao [06/2011]
We investigated the organelles involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid (FA) derivatives in the cortical cells of Laurencia translucida (Rhodophyta) and the effect of these compounds as antifouling (AF) agents. A bluish autofluorescence (with emission at 500 nm) within L. translucida cortical cells was observed above the thallus surface via laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). A hexanic extract (HE) from L. translucida was split into two isolated fractions called hydrocarbon (HC) and lipid (LI), which were subjected to HPLC coupled to a fluorescence detector, and the same autofluorescence pattern as observed by LSCM analyses (emission at 500 nm) was revealed in the LI fraction. These fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which revealed that docosane is the primary constituent of HC, and hexadecanoic acid and cholesterol trimethylsilyl ether are the primary components of LI. Nile red (NR) labeling (lipid fluorochrome) presented a similar cellular localization to that of the autofluorescent molecules. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) revealed vesicle transport processes involving small electron-lucent vesicles, from vacuoles to the inner cell wall. Both fractions (HC and LI) inhibited micro-fouling [HC, lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.1 A mu g ml(-1); LI, lower MIC value of 10 A mu g ml(-1)]. The results suggested that L. translucida cortical cells can produce FA derivatives (e.g. HCs and FAs) and secrete them to the thallus surface, providing a unique and novel protective mechanism against microfouling colonization in red algae.
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