Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Andrea Villa, Roger Schurch, Giacomo Buccella, Luca Barbieri, Christian Laurano, Roberto Malgesini, Daniele Palladini
Summary: Plasma simulation is becoming increasingly important in electrical engineering to replicate technically relevant configurations, such as the evolution of partial discharges. A proper numerical filter can address the challenges caused by high surface conductivity and greatly enhance the performance of simulation algorithms.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hui Li, Chengxun Yuan, Anatoly Kudryavtsev, Aleksandr Astafiev, Evgeny Bogdanov, T. Yasar Katircioglu, Ismail Rafatov
Summary: This study investigates atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) through numerical and experimental methods. Experimental measurements are made on the current and voltage of DBDs sustained in an argon flow in a coaxial discharge cell. Numerical models are based on drift-diffusion theory and different modeling approaches are implemented, considering electron kinetics based on Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) as well as more realistic EEDF obtained from the solution of the electron Boltzmann equation, while also taking into account energy loss due to gas heating.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Villa, Luca Barbieri, Roberto Malgesini, Giacomo Buccella
Summary: This paper aims to simulate plasma-solid interaction in real insulating components using first-principle partial differential equations. A filtering method is applied to allow the use of larger time steps in simulating realistic components. The novel theoretical analysis shows that the filter does not affect the accuracy of the method, as supported by significant numerical experiments.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
N. Yu Babaeva, G. Naidis
Summary: The study focuses on CO2 molecule conversion through electron impact dissociation, estimating efficiency using various dissociation cross sections. The best fit with experimental data for corona and dielectric-barrier discharges is found using Phelps' cross section for excitation of electronic states with an energy threshold of 10.5 eV under specific electric field conditions.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Andrea Villa, Roger Schurch, Luca Barbieri, Roberto Malgesini, Giacomo Buccella
Summary: The study of cold plasma is a highly active field of applied physics with a wide range of technical applications. Various models, including the local electric field approximation and the local mean energy approximation, have been considered. This research explores a new numerical scheme and tests its performance in different scenarios.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Min Jeong Seong, Yun Jeong Ha, Gun Hyeon Park, Sun Ja Kim, Hea Min Joh, T. H. Chung
Summary: This article presents a dielectric-barrier-discharge-based square unipolar microsecond-pulsed helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). A simplified equivalent circuit model and transferred charge measurement were used to characterize the APPJ. The effects of operational parameters on the performance of the plasma jet and the properties of liquid media treated by the plasma were investigated, and the correlation between plasma characteristics and properties of plasma-treated liquid was discussed.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Aleksandar P. Jovanovic, Tomas Hoder, Hans Hoeft, Detlef Loffhagen, Markus M. Becker
Summary: This study investigates the formation mechanisms of striations in a single-filament dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in argon at atmospheric pressure using a time-dependent, spatially two-dimensional fluid-Poisson model. The model is applied to a one-sided DBD arrangement with a 1.5 mm gap and sinusoidal high voltage. The results show that the striations form during the transient glow phase, following the streamer breakdown phase, and are explained by repetitive stepwise ionisation and disturbance of charge carriers' spatial distribution.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Aurelien Lepoetre, Stephanie Ognier, Mengxue Zhang, Julien Wengler, Safwan Al Ayoubi, Cyril Ollivier, Louis Fensterbank, Xavier Duten, Michael Tatoulian
Summary: A miniaturized flow device combining microfluidics technology and plasma process successfully synthesized cyclohexylamine with 50% selectivity and 20% molar conversion of cyclohexane. Numerical simulations confirmed the generation of NH2 radicals in the plasma, reacting with cyclohexyl radicals to achieve the reaction. Effects of voltage and frequency on selectivity and conversion rate were studied and discussed.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Johnatan M. Rodriguez-Serna, Ricardo Albarracin-Sanchez
Summary: Partial discharges in cavities cause the highest aging rate in polymeric solid dielectrics due to various deteriorating mechanisms activated by charge carriers, UV radiation, and temperature rise during discharge activity. Developing diagnostic tools based on PD measurements is necessary to predict the time-to-breakdown and improve the reliability of electrical assets subjected to high electrical stresses. The degradation induced by PDs in polymeric materials is discussed, evaluated quantitatively through simulations, and compared with experimental results, showing good agreement. Additionally, the impact of voltage magnitude and frequency on degradation rate is analyzed, and the effectiveness of a degradation indicator proposed by other authors is assessed under different stress conditions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jin Park, Min Suk Cha
Summary: Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) have a long history of application and pose interesting scientific questions. The concept of positive streamers describes the temporal development of microdischarges, while the memory charge effect explains the spatially distributed microdischarges across the entire DBD area. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution of microdischarges is essential for accurately modeling plasma chemistry in a DBD. This study presents experimental results of successive microdischarges occurring at the same location, revealing the physical mechanism behind them. Further investigation will explore the interactions between spatially separated microdischarges and the impact of successive microdischarges on plasma chemistry.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Rasek, F. X. Bronold, H. Fehske
Summary: This study investigates the self-consistent ambipolar charge kinetics across a negatively biased semiconducting plasma-solid interface. By calculating and visualizing, the study shows that the current-voltage characteristic is influenced by the electron microphysics of the semiconductor, indicating that the perfect absorber model commonly used for plasma-solid interfaces cannot be maintained for semiconducting interfaces.
Article
Physics, Applied
Xu-Cheng Wang, Yuan-Tao Zhang
Summary: Non-thermal plasma technology is a promising solution for decomposing CO (2), and this study proposes a deep neural network (DNN) to describe the discharge characteristics and plasma chemistry of CO (2) pulsed discharge at atmospheric pressure. The DNN is trained using fluid model simulation data and shown to provide accurate results in a fraction of the time compared to traditional simulations. The DNN prediction results indicate the influence of pulse rise rate and plateau duration on discharge current, breakdown voltage, electric field, and product species density. Overall, this study demonstrates the reliability and potential of DNN-based methods in non-thermal plasma applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hang Hu, Dongsheng Li, Weijun Zhu
Summary: This paper proposes a novel PTFE-PDMS sandwich structure with enhanced piezoelectric performances, high stability, and applicability in the field of energy harvesting. The structure demonstrates remarkable sensitivity, thermal stability, and the ability to retain piezoelectric activity even after immersion in water for 24 hours. The experiment of lighting an LED by hand pressing successfully highlights the potential of this structure for practical applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xu-Cheng Wang, Shu-Han Gao, Yuan-Tao Zhang
Summary: DBDs have been considered as potential candidates for in situ resource utilization of CO2 in the Martian atmosphere, and understanding the nonlinear behaviors in DBDs can enhance the ability to control the plasmas. This study investigates the temporal nonlinear behaviors in CO2 DBDs under Martian pressure by applying tailored sinusoidal voltages. The results show that the discharge evolves from period-one state to period-four state through period-two state, and the heavy ions of CO2+ and CO3- become dominant charged particles after the discharge is extinguished.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
K-M Lin, C-C Ou, K-C Wang, Z-W Liou, S-Y Chuang
Summary: This study investigates the gas heating process and flow dynamics evolution of a single microdischarge (MD) using a transient 3D gas flow model. The heating sources of different mechanisms are calculated and validated to model the gas heating process and flow dynamics evolution. Results show significant variations in heating characteristics at different phases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
T. Huiskamp, C. Ton, M. Azizi, J. J. van Oorschot, H. Hoeft
Summary: In this paper, we presented a solid-state nanosecond pulse source that is capable of generating arbitrary waveforms for pulsed discharge generation. The study demonstrated the control of discharge propagation using stepped waveforms, while showing little effect of rise-time variation. Differences in streamer velocity and structure were observed between discharges in nitrogen and air for the same applied voltage waveform.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. R. Wubs, H. Hoeft, M. Kettlitz, M. M. Becker, K-D Weltmann
Summary: This study investigates the impact of electrode proximity on the breakdown and development of pulsed-driven dielectric barrier discharges. The results show that a smaller gap distance leads to slower but more accelerated streamer propagation. However, the discharge structure in front of the anode is independent of the actual gap distance once the streamer has crossed the gap.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Aleksandar P. Jovanovic, Detlef Loffhagen, Markus M. Becker
Summary: In this study, an atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in argon was investigated using a time-dependent and spatially two-dimensional fluid-Poisson model in axisymmetric geometry. The focus was on the interaction between the streamer and the surface, as well as the formation of the cathode layer during the initial discharge event in a single-filament DBD driven by sinusoidal voltage. The analysis revealed that the radial deflection of the volume streamer was driven by free electrons remaining in the volume from the Townsend pre-phase and guided by the radial component of the electric field. The surface discharge between the deflected volume streamer and the dielectric surface was governed by ion-induced secondary electron emission and accumulated surface charges on the dielectric.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
H. Hoeft, M. M. Becker, M. Kettlitz, R. Brandenburg
Summary: A study was conducted on the scalability of discharge characteristics of a single-filament dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to a one-dimensional multi-filament arrangement driven by the same high-voltage (HV) pulses. The study found that the electrical quantities scaled with the filament number and that the discharge could be manipulated by varying the HV pulse widths. Filament formation occurred rapidly in the entire gap during pulsed operation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Luis L. Alves, Markus M. Becker, Jan van Dijk, Timo Gans, David B. Go, Katharina Stapelmann, Jonathan Tennyson, Miles M. Turner, Mark J. Kushner
Summary: The field of low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) excels by its intellectual diversity, interdisciplinarity, and range of applications. Communication challenges arise due to diverse reporting practices and expectations. This paper addresses these challenges by discussing standards for measurements, diagnostics, computations, reporting, and plasma sources to improve communication and transparency within the LTP field.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Hans Hoeft, Markus M. Becker, Manfred Kettlitz, Simon Dap, Nicolas Naude, Ronny Brandenburg, Klaus-Dieter Weltmann
Summary: The effects of nitrous oxide (N2O) in nitrogen (N-2) on the development and morphology of sine driven dielectric barrier discharges were studied. The characteristics of the discharge and its development were analyzed through various measurements and numerical modeling. The results showed that even with small amounts of N2O, the associative ionization of atomic nitrogen and oxygen played a crucial role in sustaining the volume memory effect and causing the formation of a diffuse discharge.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Laurent Invernizzi, Corinne Y. Duluard, Hans Hoeft, Khaled Hassouni, Guillaume Lombardi, Kristaq Gazeli, Swaminathan Prasanna
Summary: We present a detailed methodology for accurately capturing and processing ps-TALIF signals of H-atom in low- and atmospheric-pressure plasmas using a streak camera. By carefully configuring the experimental setup and applying mathematical signal processing techniques, we are able to extract the actual shape and decay time of the TALIF signals.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Aleksandar P. Jovanovic, Detlef Loffhagen, Markus M. Becker
Summary: This paper introduces the finite element discharge modelling (FEDM) code, developed using the open-source computing platform FEniCS. The code extends FEniCS by allowing the automated implementation and numerical solution of fully coupled fluid-Poisson models with particle balance equations. It is verified using exact solutions and benchmarking, and its performance is compared to COMSOL Multiphysics, showing comparable parallel speed-up and good performance on high-performance compute clusters.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Aleksandar P. Jovanovic, Tomas Hoder, Hans Hoeft, Detlef Loffhagen, Markus M. Becker
Summary: This study investigates the formation mechanisms of striations in a single-filament dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in argon at atmospheric pressure using a time-dependent, spatially two-dimensional fluid-Poisson model. The model is applied to a one-sided DBD arrangement with a 1.5 mm gap and sinusoidal high voltage. The results show that the striations form during the transient glow phase, following the streamer breakdown phase, and are explained by repetitive stepwise ionisation and disturbance of charge carriers' spatial distribution.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Julia Berner, Lea Miebach, Luise Herold, Hans Hoeft, Torsten Gerling, Philipp Mattern, Sander Bekeschus
Summary: Cancer is a devastating disease, and gas plasma has been promoted as a novel tool for cancer treatment. Gas plasma has shown promising antitumor effects in laboratory models of various cancers. This study aimed to enhance the antitumor effects by testing two adapters for plasma jet devices, which increase the amount of ambient air and add a filter for free radical deposition. The results showed that the filter enhanced the antitumor effects of the argon plasma jet.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ronny Brandenburg, Milko Schiorlin, Michael Schmidt, Hans Hoeft, Andrei V. Pipa, Volker Brueser
Summary: A planar volume dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in pure carbon dioxide (CO2) for the formation of carbon monoxide (CO) is investigated in this study. The influence of electrode type, barrier material, barrier thickness, and discharge gap on plasma power and CO formation is systematically analyzed. The stackable discharge arrangement enables the elucidation of the influence of parasitic capacitances, which can be overlooked in the application of plasma sources. The determination of discharge voltage and the validity of the Manley power equation are revised to account for non-uniform coverage and parasitic capacitances.
