Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Naoki Yamamoto, Ryo Yokokura
Summary: This article investigates the instability of 0-form and higher-form symmetries in the presence of background fields and provides a counting rule to describe the number of unstable NG modes.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuki Minami, Hiroyoshi Nakano, Yoshimasa Hidaka
Summary: In studying an O(N) scalar model under shear flow, it was found that the Nambu-Goldstone mode splits into an infinite number of gapless rainbow modes, each with different group velocities and a fractional dispersion relation omega similar to k(1)(2/3) where k(1) is the wave number along the flow direction. These behaviors are not present in an equilibrium state.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yoshimasa Hidaka, Yuji Hirono, Ryo Yokokura
Summary: In this study, we discuss the counting of Nambu-Goldstone modes associated with the spontaneous breaking of higher-form global symmetries. Effective field theories of NG modes are developed based on symmetry-breaking patterns, using a generalized coset construction for higher-form symmetries. The formula derived for the number of gapless NG modes involves expectation values of the commutators of conserved charges, possibly of different degrees.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masaru Hongo, Suro Kim, Toshifumi Noumi, Atsuhisa Ota
Summary: This study develops the effective field theory to describe diffusive Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes associated with spontaneous internal symmetry breaking in nonequilibrium open systems. The derived effective Lagrangian and matching conditions for low-energy coefficients reveal the diffusive gapless behaviors of the NG modes unique to open systems. Two typical situations in condensed matter physics and high-energy physics are demonstrated, showing the appearance of diffusive type-A or type-B NG modes.
Article
Optics
Rodney E. S. Polkinghorne, Tapio P. Simula
Summary: This study investigates rotating finite-size vortex arrays in Bose-Einstein condensates confined by cylindrically symmetric external potentials, demonstrating the presence of two Nambu-Goldstone zero modes associated with spontaneously broken continuous symmetries. The analytical results were verified through direct numerical diagonalizations of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, and comparisons were made between rotating vortex lattices in superfluids, supersolids, and discrete time crystals.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yoshihiko Abe, Takashi Toma, Koji Tsumura, Naoki Yamatsu
Summary: The study discusses a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) dark matter model based on a gauged U(1)(B-L) symmetry, and proposes a pNGB dark matter model within the framework of an SO(10) grand unified theory. By solving the renormalization group equations for gauge coupling constants, key parameters such as the gauge coupling constants of U(1)(B-L) and the kinetic mixing parameter can be determined, leading to consistency with all constraints.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hyun Min Lee, Adriana G. Menkara
Summary: We propose a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone inflation mechanism where twin waterfall fields facilitate the graceful exit of the inflaton from inflation through a waterfall transition. The Z2 symmetry of the waterfall fields and the inflaton shields the inflaton potential from dangerous quantum corrections. Our findings demonstrate a broad range of viable inflationary models with natural parameters and initial conditions, and we discuss the reheating process involving the perturbative decay of the waterfall field through a Z2 invariant Higgs portal. Additionally, we present a microscopic model for the interaction between the inflaton and twin waterfall fields within the framework of dark QCD with light and heavy quarks.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Shuta Ishigaki, Masataka Matsumoto
Summary: The study investigates the dispersion relation of Nambu-Goldstone modes in a dissipative system using the AdS/CFT correspondence, showing that these modes exhibit linear and diffusive behaviors in a non-equilibrium steady state.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yong-Jing Chen, Yang Su, Guoxiang Dong, Li-Le Liu, Zhigang Ge, Xiaobao Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of pairing correlations on the fission properties of Pu-240 by calculating the potential energy surfaces using density functional theory. The results show that an enhancement in pairing correlations significantly lowers the barrier heights, affects the shape of the fission valleys, and influences the total kinetic energy.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ian Low, Laurentiu Rodina, Zhewei Yin
Summary: In this study, it was found that the higher derivative operators for Nambu-Goldstone bosons exhibit a double copy structure at different orders, with certain operators showing flavor-kinematics duality in their amplitudes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yoshihiko Abe, Takashi Toma
Summary: In this paper, the authors investigate the elastic scattering behavior of pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson dark matter and its detectability, finding that the relationship between mediator mass and momentum transfer has a significant impact on the elastic scattering cross section, potentially leading to a recoil energy spectrum different from that for usual thermal dark matter. The study also considers relevant constraints such as thermal relic abundance, indirect detection, and Higgs decays, and explores the detectability through current and future dark matter direct detection experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mousumi Maitra, Debaprasad Maity, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi
Summary: The study investigates the Goldstone modes of Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes, finding that the effective semi-classical temperature of the Goldstone modes is proportional to the Hawking temperature, suggesting a potentially important role in understanding the microscopic description of horizon thermalization.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. Kargar, Sh. Afrookhteh
Summary: This study investigates the effects of nuclear deformation and angular momentum on the thermodynamic properties of 184Re, using the MEGBCS model to account for thermal fluctuations. The results show that the pairing gap increases with temperature at high angular momentum, indicating thermally assisted pairing correlation. Furthermore, the S-shaped heat capacity associated with pairing phase transition disappears with increased angular momentum and nuclear deformation.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yu Qiang, J. C. Pei
Summary: This work presents a microscopic study of dissipation in fission dynamical evolutions with the time-dependent Hartree-Fock + BCS method, extracting friction coefficients and dissipation energies. It is shown that dissipation increases with increasing initial excitation energies or decreasing pairing strengths, playing a significant role in the final stage of scission. The characteristics of dissipations demonstrated in this study will be valuable for calibrations of various fission models.
Article
Optics
Wan-Dong Yu, Hao Liang, Lei Geng, Liang-You Peng
Summary: Attosecond charge migration modes in halogenated hydrocarbon chains are investigated using first principles. The initial hole state is created and the charge migration dynamics are tracked. The attosecond mode is mainly recorded in the spin channel where the electron is initially ionized. The results provide insights into understanding molecular modes and can motivate future experiments on ultrafast charge migration detection methods.
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Paulo Bedaque, Amber Boehnlein, Mario Cromaz, Markus Diefenthaler, Latifa Elouadrhiri, Tanja Horn, Michelle Kuchera, David Lawrence, Dean Lee, Steven Lidia, Robert McKeown, Wally Melnitchouk, Witold Nazarewicz, Kostas Orginos, Yves Roblin, Michael Scott Smith, Malachi Schram, Xin-Nian Wang
Summary: This report summarizes the outcomes of the workshop "AI for Nuclear Physics" held at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility on March 4-6, 2020.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2021)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
D. R. Phillips, R. J. Furnstahl, U. Heinz, T. Maiti, W. Nazarewicz, F. M. Nunes, M. Plumlee, M. T. Pratola, S. Pratt, F. G. Viens, S. M. Wild
Summary: The paper introduces the BAND framework for Bayesian analysis of nuclear dynamics, aiming to unify the treatment of nuclear models, experimental data, and associated uncertainties, with a focus on leveraging insights from multiple models using Bayesian methodology. Four case studies demonstrate how the framework enables progress in solving complex, far-ranging problems in nuclear physics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. M. Wang, W. Nazarewicz
Summary: Three-body decay is a rare decay mode observed in unbound rare isotopes, where the angular and energy correlations between emitted nucleons provide valuable information on the structure and reaction aspects of the nuclear open quantum system. A time-dependent approach has been developed to study the mechanism of two-nucleon emission, showing that the evolution of the two-nucleon wave function is influenced by diproton/dineutron dynamics and crucial information on dinucleon structure in the initial state can be obtained from correlations between emitted nucleons.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer, S. Kaufmann, S. Bacca, C. Barbieri, J. Billowes, M. L. Bissell, K. Blaum, B. Cheal, T. Duguet, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, W. Gins, C. Gorges, G. Hagen, H. Heylen, J. D. Holt, G. R. Jansen, A. Kanellakopoulos, M. Kortelainen, T. Miyagi, P. Navratil, W. Nazarewicz, R. Neugart, G. Neyens, W. Noertershauser, S. J. Novario, T. Papenbrock, T. Ratajczyk, P. G. Reinhard, L. Rodriguez, R. Sanchez, S. Sailer, A. Schwenk, J. Simonis, V Soma, S. R. Stroberg, L. Wehner, C. Wraith, L. Xie, Z. Y. Xu, X. F. Yang, D. T. Yordanov
Summary: Collinear laser spectroscopy was used to study the nuclear charge radii of nickel isotopes. Three ab initio methods were compared, with agreement in differential radii but only the NNLOsat method showing consistent absolute radii. The Skyrme functional SV-min was found to match experimental results more closely in nuclear density functional theory.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hana Gil, Nobuo Hinohara, Chang Ho Hyun, Kenichi Yoshida
Summary: This study demonstrates that the KIDS functional can appropriately describe the ground-state properties of nuclei and reduce the discrepancy from experimental data by adjusting the parameter of symmetry energy.
JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mengzhi Chen, Tong Li, Bastian Schuetrumpf, Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: The HFBFFT solver, based on Sky3D code, is developed to study the weakly bound nuclei affected by the quasiparticle continuum space. It solves the underlying equations directly in the canonical basis using fast Fourier transform, and implements measures like soft energy cutoff and pairing annealing to address the problems encountered in the pairing collapse. The accuracy and performance of HFBFFT have been tested and compared with other HFB codes for various nuclei.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Felix Sommer, Kristian Konig, Dominic M. Rossi, Nathan Everett, David Garand, Ruben P. de Groote, Jason D. Holt, Phillip Imgram, Anthony Incorvati, Colton Kalman, Andrew Klose, Jeremy Lantis, Yuan Liu, Andrew J. Miller, Kei Minamisono, Takayuki Miyagi, Witold Nazarewicz, Wilfried Noertershaeuser, Skyy V. Pineda, Robert Powel, Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Laura Renth, Elisa Romero-Romero, Robert Roth, Achim Schwenk, Chandana Sumithrarachchi, Andrea Teigelhofer
Summary: Nuclear charge radii of Ni-55;56 were measured using collinear laser spectroscopy, and it was found that the trend of charge radii across shell closures is similar to that of calcium. The study also revealed the impact of M1 excitations between spin-orbit partners.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Amber Boehnlein, Markus Diefenthaler, Nobuo Sato, Malachi Schram, Veronique Ziegler, Cristiano Fanelli, Morten Hjorth-Jensen, Tanja Horn, Michelle P. Kuchera, Dean Lee, Witold Nazarewicz, Peter Ostroumov, Kostas Orginos, Alan Poon, Xin-Nian Wang, Alexander Scheinker, Michael S. Smith, Long-Gang Pang
Summary: The advances in machine learning methods have broadened their applicability in scientific research, including nuclear physics, which has been greatly transformed by these techniques.
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Xavier Roca-Maza, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: The recent experimental determination of the parity violating asymmetry APV in 48Ca and 208Pb at Jefferson Lab is important for understanding the arrangement of neutrons and protons inside atomic nuclei. To assess the impact of these measurements, a rigorous theoretical investigation and evaluation of associated uncertainties were conducted. The study concluded that accurate description of APV in 48Ca and 208Pb cannot be achieved by their models.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
V Cirigliano, Z. Davoudi, J. Engel, R. J. Furnstahl, G. Hagen, U. Heinz, H. Hergert, M. Horoi, C. W. Johnson, A. Lovato, E. Mereghetti, W. Nazarewicz, A. Nicholson, T. Papenbrock, S. Pastore, M. Plumlee, D. R. Phillips, P. E. Shanahan, S. R. Stroberg, F. Viens, A. Walker-Loud, K. A. Wendt, S. M. Wild
Summary: This article presents the results of a study on the calculation of nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double-beta decay. It discusses recent progress, uncertainty quantification, and future plans to provide accurate and precise matrix elements.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: In this study, the impact of local shell effects on the statistical correlations between quadrupole deformations and charge radii in Er, Yb, and Hf isotopes is investigated. The results show that the correlations between nuclear deformations and charge radii are affected by the underlying shell structure, and the correlation range is rather short even for well deformed nuclei.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Nobuo Hinohara, Jonathan Engel
Summary: The study examines the matrix elements of two-neutrino double-beta decay and predicts the matrix elements of unmeasured nuclei for neutrinoless double-beta decay, using a computational scheme and nuclear energy density functionals.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: Differences in charge radii of mirror nuclei are suggested to contain information on the slope of the symmetry energy. However, statistical correlation analysis shows that the difference in charge radii, Delta R-ch(mir), is an inferior indicator compared to other observables such as neutron skin or electric dipole polarizability. The presence of pairing correlations and low-lying proton continuum affects Delta R-ch(mir). Therefore, the precise data on mirror charge radii cannot provide a stringent constraint on the slope of the symmetry energy L.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Markus Kortelainen, Zhonghao Sun, Gaute Hagen, Witold Nazarewicz, Thomas Papenbrock, Paul-Gerhard Reinhard
Summary: The radii of nuclear charge distributions provide information about the forces inside the atomic nucleus. The global behavior of nuclear charge radii is determined by nuclear matter properties, while the local trends are influenced by the motion of protons and neutrons. By analyzing even-even nuclei from calcium to zinc, two advanced theories based on nuclear interactions reveal a universal pattern and demonstrate the impact of nuclear properties and shell structure on the differential charge radii.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Jhilam Sadhukhan, Samuel A. Giuliani, Witold Nazarewicz
Summary: This paper introduces a global modeling approach to fission fragment distributions and investigates the effects of odd-even staggering in charge yields and neutron evaporation. The results show that this approach can accurately predict the mass and charge yields of fissioning nuclei, including the odd-even staggering. The method also successfully describes the isotopic yields and provides insights into the fragment distributions of neutron-rich and superheavy systems.
