Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Isabel Blum, Tuba Tekin, Bjorn Delfs, Ann-Britt Schonfeld, Ralf-Peter Kapsch, Bjorn Poppe, Hui Khee Looe
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of two diode-type detectors in a transverse magnetic field under small field conditions, finding that the dose response is affected by the magnetic field. However, Monte Carlo simulations show good agreement with experimental results.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Hyun Su Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Junyoung Lee, Chan Hyeong Kim
Summary: The development of a gamma-ray imaging device named LAHGI with high imaging sensitivity and good resolution was reported. The system utilizes a hybrid collimation method and large-area scintillation detectors to achieve stable imaging performance. Evaluated under various source conditions, the system demonstrated excellent imaging resolution and high sensitivity, successfully imaging Cs-137 source at a distance of 15m with low dose rate.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Rastgo Hawrami, Elsa Ariesanti, Abi Farsoni, Diane Szydel, Hamid Sabet
Summary: Scintillators, such as CsI:Tl and NaI:Tl, have been widely used in radiation detection and imaging. This paper presents improved scintillation performance of CsI(Tl) and NaI(Tl) crystals developed by Xtallized Intelligence Inc. The newly developed crystals show enhanced energy resolution and signal amplitudes compared to commercially available ones.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Michael A. Hupman, Ian G. Hill, Alasdair Syme
Summary: A 1D stemless plastic scintillation detector (SPSD) array was fabricated and used for measuring small field profiles and output factors. The results showed that the segmented scintillator had good agreement with film for all three field sizes and had consistent output factors compared to an ion chamber. In comparison to other bulk scintillators, the segmented scintillator had reduced signal due to lower cross-talk interference.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Moad Aldbissi, Paolo Vinai, Alessandro Borella, Riccardo Rossa, Imre Pazsit
Summary: The paper discusses the use of a dedicated neutron detector for measuring the neutron flux and its gradient within a fuel assembly to detect missing or replaced fuel pins. It is found that considering the neutron current vector or its diffusion approximation can significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of the unfolding procedure.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tae Hoon Kim, Hye Jeong Yang, Jae Young Jeong, Thomas Schaarschmidt, Yong Kyun Kim, Hyun-Tai Chung
Summary: This study calculated the volume averaging effect using scintillation detectors based on a gamma knife dose distribution. The results showed that the output factors measured by the scintillation detectors were consistent with a commercial synthetic micro-diamond detector and recent studies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seongjin Maeng, Sang Hoon Lee, Seong Jin Park, Woo Cheol Choi
Summary: Measurements and simulations were conducted to improve the characterization of the NaI(Tl) scintillation detector in the low energy range. The X-ray escape correction factors were compared between a Tl-204 disk source and MCNP simulations, showing similar results. Correcting the X-ray escape and using fewer sources improved the detection efficiency for the NaI(Tl) detector in the low energy range.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Yifan Hu, Peng Fan, Zhenlei Lyu, Jianwei Huang, Shi Wang, Yan Xia, Yaqiang Liu, Tianyu Ma
Summary: Gamma hotspots imaging is crucial in nuclear-related industrial and homeland security activities. While Compton cameras offer higher sensitivity and portability, they are limited to middle-or high-energy isotopes. A novel gamma camera design utilizing a 3-D position-sensitive scintillation detector shows promising results in terms of imaging accuracy, resolution and energy range.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Diego Diegues Francisca, Wilson Siguemasa Iramina, Anna Luiza Marques Ayres da Silva, Giorgio de Tomi
Summary: Physical and chemical agents in workplace environments, such as radon, can pose health risks to employees. This study aimed to measure occupational exposure to radon in mining environments and assess the potential risk to employees through a proposed methodology. The results showed that radon in outdoor mining workplaces posed a low risk to employees' health. The laboratory tests and the field evaluations were found to have a statistical correlation, indicating that the laboratory tests can be used to estimate risks in a preliminary way and are more practical and faster compared to field evaluations.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Kyuseok Kim, Youngjin Lee
Summary: In this study, a gamma camera system with a lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) scintillation detector and a pinhole collimator is modeled and evaluated for image resolution. The simulation results show that increasing the diameter of the pinhole collimator decreases the values of full width at half maximum (FWHM) and natural image quality assessment (NIQE), indicating improved spatial resolution. Additionally, increasing the magnification factor under the same pinhole diameter condition also enhances the spatial resolution. A FWHM value of 0.57 mm is obtained with the LYSO scintillation detector in the modeled gamma camera system. These findings suggest that a gamma camera imaging system with a LYSO scintillation detector and pinhole collimator holds promise.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Biying Dong, Yingzhi Xu, Qiunan Li
Summary: China faces a challenging task in reducing emissions under the carbon peaking and neutrality goals. This study examines the carbon footprint and driving factors of carbon transfers across different provinces. The results indicate that despite an increase in carbon emissions, the carbon intensity has been decreasing in most regions. Domestic demand emissions play a significant role in both production and consumption sides. Additionally, carbon leakage from abroad to China is decreasing. The study also proposes recommendations to promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maria Daniela Falco, Marco Fusella, Stefania Clemente, Christian Fiandra, Elena Gallio, Cristina Garibaldi, Paolo Bagala, Giuseppina Borzi, Michelina Casale, Marta Casati, Rita Consorti, Anna Delana, Marco Esposito, Tiziana Malatesta, Enrico Menghi, Giacomo Reggiori, Serenella Russo, Michele Stasi, Pietro Mancosu
Summary: In this study, the influence of basic plan parameters on calculated small field output factors was evaluated, with modern treatment planning systems slightly overestimating the calculated OFs. Results indicated that grid resolution, algorithm, center number, and field size are factors that influence the calculation of small field output factors.
PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mario A. Hernandez-Becerril, Jose M. Larraga-Gutierrez, Belem Saldivar, J. A. Hernandez-Servin
Summary: The recent publication of a new code of practice introduces output correction factors to correct detector response changes in small photon beams, which were validated and found to agree fully. Monte Carlo calculated output correction factors were shown to be within 1% of those reported in the code, demonstrating their suitability for small field dosimetry.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yang Wang, Remina Shataer, Zhichao Zhang, Hui Zhen, Tingting Xia
Summary: Based on land-use change data from 1990 to 2020 in Xinjiang, this study quantitatively analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of land-use change and ecosystem service values in the area. The study also explored the driving mechanism behind the spatial variation of ecosystem service values using a geographic probe model. The findings show significant changes in land use in Xinjiang, leading to an overall increase and decrease in ecosystem service values.
Article
Oncology
D. Martin, T. Schreckenbach, P. Ziegler, N. Filmann, G. Kalinauskaite, I Tinhofer, V Budach, C. Gani, D. Zips, T. Schimek-Jasch, H. Schaefer, A. L. Grosu, E. Thomas, M. Krause, H. Dapper, S. Combs, C. Hoffmann, M. Stuschke, F. Walter, C. Belka, I Kurth, W. W. Hadiwikarta, M. Baumann, C. Roedel, E. Fokas
Summary: Prognosis after chemoradiotherapy for anal squamous cell carcinoma varies according to TNM subgroups. Individualized risk assessment tools are lacking. T-category, N-category, age, and KPS remain significant prognostic factors. HIV and elevated platelets are associated with worse prognosis in early-stage patients.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. Pucella, E. Alessi, S. Almaviva, B. Angelini, M. L. Apicella, G. Apruzzese, M. Aquilini, G. Artaserse, B. Baiocchi, M. Baruzzo, F. Belli, W. Bin, F. Bombarda, L. Boncagni, S. Briguglio, A. Bruschi, P. Buratti, G. Calabro, M. Cappelli, A. Cardinali, N. Carlevaro, D. Carnevale, L. Carraro, C. Castaldo, F. Causa, R. Cavazzana, S. Ceccuzzi, P. Cefali, C. Centioli, R. Cesario, S. Cesaroni, C. Cianfarani, M. Ciotti, G. Claps, F. Cordella, F. Crisanti, Y. Damizia, M. De Angeli, E. Di Ferdinando, S. Di Giovenale, C. Di Troia, A. Dodaro, B. Esposito, M. Falessi, F. Fanale, D. Farina, L. Figini, G. Fogaccia, D. Frigione, V Fusco, L. Gabellieri, G. Gallerano, S. Garavaglia, G. Ghillardi, G. Giacomi, E. Giovannozzi, G. Gittini, G. Granucci, G. Grosso, L. A. Grosso, M. Iafrati, L. Laguardia, E. Lazzaro, D. Liuzza, M. Lontano, G. Maddaluno, S. Magagnino, M. Marinucci, D. Marocco, G. Mazzitelli, C. Mazzotta, C. Meineri, V Mellera, M. Mezzacappa, A. Milovanov, D. Minelli, F. C. Mirizzi, G. Montani, A. Moro, F. Napoli, S. Nowak, F. P. Orsitto, D. Pacella, F. Pallotta, S. Palomba, L. Panaccione, A. Pensa, V Pericoli-Ridolfini, P. Petrolini, V Piergotti, C. Piron, A. Pizzuto, S. Podda, M. E. Puiatti, G. Ramogida, B. Raspante, G. Ravera, D. Ricci, N. Rispoli, G. Rocchi, A. Romano, G. Rubino, S. Rueca, M. Sciscio, L. Senni, A. Sibio, A. Simonetto, C. Sozzi, U. Tartari, A. Taschin, B. Tilia, G. Trentuno, A. A. Tuccillo, O. Tudisco, R. Tulli, M. Valisa, M. Vellucci, B. Viola, E. Vitale, G. Vlad, D. Zannetti, B. Zaniol, M. Zerbini, F. Zonca, V. K. Zotta, M. Angelone, C. Barcellona, L. Calacci, L. Caneve, F. Colao, B. Coppi, S. Galeani, C. Galperti, P. Gasior, W. Gromelski, M. Hoppe, M. Kubkowska, V Lazic, M. Lehnen, M. Marinelli, F. Martinelli, E. Milani, P. Mosetti, P. Muscente, E. Nardon, M. Passeri, A. Reale, M. Sassano, A. Selce, C. Verona, G. Verona-Rinati
Summary: Since the 2018 IAEA FEC Conference, FTU operations have conducted various experiments covering a wide range of topics, including the behavior of a liquid tin limiter, mitigation and control of runaway electrons, stabilization of tearing modes, spectroscopy of heavy metal ions, electron density in helium-doped plasmas, electron cyclotron assisted start-up, and electron temperature measurements in high temperature plasmas.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Marco Marinelli, Giuseppe Felici, Federica Galante, Alessia Gasparini, Lucia Giuliano, Sophie Heinrich, Matteo Pacitti, Giuseppe Prestopino, Verdi Vanreusel, Dirk Verellen, Claudio Verona, Gianluca Verona Rinati
Summary: The study investigates the use of a diamond detector for FLASH radiotherapy (RT), a technique using ultra-high dose rates and dose per pulse. The response linearity of the diamond prototypes is shown to be affected by the size of their active volume and series resistance. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using a diamond detector for FLASH-RT applications.
Article
Oncology
Nicola Lambri, Damiano Dei, Victor Hernandez, Isabella Castiglioni, Elena Clerici, Leonardo Crespi, Chiara De Philippis, Daniele Loiacono, Pierina Navarria, Giacomo Reggiori, Roberto Rusconi, Stefano Tomatis, Stefania Bramanti, Marta Scorsetti, Pietro Mancosu
Summary: An automatic procedure was developed for treatment planning and field junction creation in total marrow (and lymphoid) irradiation (TMI-TMLI). The automatic plans achieved clinically acceptable dosimetric results, with significant differences found only in the junction region compared to manual plans. The introduction of the automatic procedure reduced treatment time and improved efficiency and standardization.
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Nicola Lambri, Victor Hernandez, Jordi Saez, Marco Pelizzoli, Sara Parabicoli, Stefano Tomatis, Daniele Loiacono, Marta Scorsetti, Pietro Mancosu
Summary: In this study, a machine learning ensemble model was used to predict the gamma passing rate for VMAT plans. The model performed well and provided a conservative estimation of the GPR. It can be integrated into the radiotherapy workflow, but center-specific validation is necessary before clinical use.
PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Damiano Dei, Nicola Lambri, Sara Stefanini, Veronica Vernier, Ricardo Coimbra Brioso, Leonardo Crespi, Elena Clerici, Luisa Bellu, Chiara De Philippis, Daniele Loiacono, Pierina Navarria, Giacomo Reggiori, Stefania Bramanti, Marcello Rodari, Stefano Tomatis, Arturo Chiti, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Marta Scorsetti, Pietro Mancosu
Summary: The contouring of lymph node clinical target volume (CTV_LN) in total marrow and lymph node irradiation (TMLI) is complex and time-consuming. The introduction of internal guidelines reduced inter- and intraobserver variability in CTV_LN delineation. The guidelines improved the consistency of contouring in TMLI treatments.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ciro Franzese, Damiano Dei, Nicola Lambri, Maria Ausilia Teriaca, Marco Badalamenti, Leonardo Crespi, Stefano Tomatis, Daniele Loiacono, Pietro Mancosu, Marta Scorsetti
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive description of the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the radiotherapy (RT) process for head and neck cancer (HNC). The majority of the selected studies focused on the segmentation of organs at risk (OARs), while limited research was found on the impact of AI on clinical outcomes. It is suggested that future studies should be conducted by interdisciplinary groups, including clinicians and computer scientists, to ensure the effective alignment of AI technologies with clinical needs in RT.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marco Marinelli, Fabio di Martino, Damiano Del Sarto, Jake Harold Pensavalle, Giuseppe Felici, Luigi Giunti, Veronica De Liso, Rafael Kranzer, Claudio Verona, Gianluca Verona Rinati
Summary: A dosimetric system based on flashDiamond detector is proposed for measuring the instantaneous dose rate in ultra high dose rate electron beams. The system shows good signal to noise ratios and fast response time, enabling accurate measurements of absolute dose and instantaneous dose rate.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Stefano Tomatis, Pietro Mancosu, Giacomo Reggiori, Francesca Lobefalo, Pasqualina Gallo, Nicola Lambri, Lucia Paganini, Francesco La Fauci, Andrea Bresolin, Sara Parabicoli, Marco Pelizzoli, Pierina Navarria, Ciro Franzese, Domenico Lenoci, Marta Scorsetti
Summary: This study analyzed the evolution of radiation therapy protocols over a twenty-year period and demonstrated that hypo-fractionation, supported by proper technology, can lower costs and increase patient access to advanced radiation therapy. The findings provide valuable insights for management teams and highlight the importance of patient-focused reimbursement policies.
Article
Oncology
Nicola Lambri, Simone Leopoldo Antonetti, Damiano Dei, Luisa Bellu, Stefania Bramanti, Ricardo Coimbra Brioso, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Isabella Castiglioni, Elena Clerici, Leonardo Crespi, Chiara De Philippis, Carmela Galdieri, Daniele Loiacono, Pierina Navarria, Giacomo Reggiori, Roberto Rusconi, Stefano Tomatis, Marta Scorsetti, Pietro Mancosu
Summary: Delivery of total marrow (lymph node) irradiation (TMI/TMLI) takes longer than standard radiotherapy treatments due to patient's extremity movements. The study evaluated the reproducibility of TMI/TMLI patient's extremities in order to find the best positioning and minimize unwanted movements.
Article
Oncology
Ciro Franzese, Stefano Tomatis, Sofia Paola Bianchi, Marco Pelizzoli, Maria Ausilia Teriaca, Marco Badalamenti, Tiziana Comito, Elena Clerici, Davide Franceschini, Pierina Navarria, Luciana Di Cristina, Damiano Dei, Carmela Galdieri, Giacomo Reggiori, Pietro Mancosu, Marta Scorsetti
Summary: Adaptive radiotherapy can help manage anatomical changes in head-neck cancer patients during radiotherapy and ensure adequate dose coverage and organ protection. This study investigated the effects of adaptive radiotherapy on patients treated with volumetric-modulated arc radiation therapy compared to simulated non-adaptive plans.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
L. Crespi, P. Roncaglioni, D. Dei, N. Lambri, P. Mancosu, D. Loiacono
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
C. Franzese, D. Poretti, T. Comito, R. Muglia, L. Lo Faro, C. Ceriani, V. Pedicini, A. Teriaca, E. Lanza, F. D'antuono, L. Solbiati, P. Mancosu, S. Tomatis, M. Scorsetti
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
C. De Santi, L. Pavanello, A. Nardo, C. Veron, G. Verona Rinati, D. Cannata, F. Di Pietrantonio, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, M. Meneghini
Summary: In this paper, the changes in electrical performance induced by operating time in hydrogen-terminated diamond MESFETs for high power and high frequency applications are discussed. It was found that the current flowing in the sample increases during the stress step, while the drain current decreases in the full experiment. The on-resistance increases and the threshold voltage shifts during the characterization phase. The time-dependent behavior is attributed to the creation of defects inside the structure. Furthermore, a decrease in electroluminescence was observed, indicating increased carrier-defect scattering.
TERAHERTZ, RF, MILLIMETER, AND SUBMILLIMETER-WAVE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XV
(2022)
