Article
Optics
Ziliang Ruan, Kaixuan Chen, Zong Wang, Xuancong Fan, Ranfeng Gan, Lu Qi, Yiwei Xie, Changjian Guo, Zhonghua Yang, Naidi Cui, Liu Liu
Summary: This study introduces a SiN and LN heterogeneous integration platform that supports high-performance EO modulators on SiN waveguide circuits. An efficient evanescent coupling structure is realized for low-loss light transitions between the SiN waveguide and the LN ridge waveguide. Based on this platform, an unprecedented EO Mach-Zender interference modulator on SiN is built with remarkable loss, efficiency, and bandwidth performances.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Eylon Eliyahu Krause, Dror Malka
Summary: A commercial thermo-optic phase shifter (TOPS) is an efficient solution to the imbalance problem in Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) arms. In this study, a new optimal double titanium nitride heater model was proposed with low electrical power consumption and low losses.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Srinivasa Reddy Tamalampudi, Ghada Hamed Dushaq, Juan E. Villegas, Bruna Paredes, Mahmoud S. Rasras
Summary: In this study, the tuning of the optical index of refraction based on hybrid integration of multi-layered anisotropic GaGeTe on a silicon micro-ring resonator (Si-MRR) is demonstrated. The device exhibits a linear resonance shift under TE polarization and both amplitude and phase modulation under TM polarization. The device also shows good dynamic RF response and has great potential for integrated photonic applications on the silicon photonics platform.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tao Ma, Yongsheng Tian, Linxing Su, Huan Wang, Heng Liu, Fang Wang
Summary: The performance of EO modulators based on polymer-embedded silicon racetrack resonators is investigated, and the modulation performances of different materials are compared. The results show that modulators embedded with lithium niobate achieve high modulation depth and low wavelength tuning, while modulators embedded with hybrid materials have high wavelength tuning but low modulation depth.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Feng Gao, Wu Xie, James Y. S. Tan, Chewping Leong, Chao Li, Xianshu Luo, Guo-Qiang Lo
Summary: This article provides a detailed investigation and comparison of 14 different thermal phase shifter designs on the same fabrication platform, including dimensions, material, and heat dissipation approaches. The comparison indicates that both suspended heater and doped silicon design could significantly improve thermo-optic phase modulation efficiency. On the choice of waveguide material, the electrical power consumption of SiN waveguide is about eight times higher than that of Si waveguide. Furthermore, the characterization of thermal crosstalk and breakdown current of the thermo-optic phase shifters is also detailed. Such comprehensive investigation can serve as a useful design guideline for photonic integrated circuit (PIC) designers.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Ruben Alemany, Pascual Munoz, Daniel Pastor, Carlos Dominguez
Summary: The paper presents a systematic design for manufacturing analysis for thermo-optic phase tuners on a silicon nitride platform, analyzing heat distribution and conducting parametric simulations. Deep air-filled trenches are shown to significantly reduce power consumption and thermal crosstalk, although with a slight decrease in bandwidth.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Li, Shuyu Ni, Yan Jiang, Jie Li, Wei Wang, Jialei Yuan, Dabing Li, Xiaojuan Sun, Yongjin Wang
Summary: The research team proposed and realized a monolithic photonic chip with multifunctional light emission/detection and electro-optic modulation capabilities on an InP-based wafer, which can be potentially used for transmitting optical signals in the near-infrared range.
Article
Optics
Yutao Bo, Chunying Guan, Rang Chu, Tailei Cheng, Li Xu, Lu Liu, Jing Yang, Jinhui Shi, Pengfei Wang, Jun Yang, Libo Yuan
Summary: The study presents an all-fiber thermo-optic modulator based on a side-polished twin-core fiber Michelson interferometer coated with NaNdF4 nanoparticles for optical switching. The device shows a significant modulation phase shift near the wavelength of 1260 nm and fast rise (fall) times of 152 (50) ms. With its compact structure and strong robustness, the proposed device has great potential for applications in optical modulators.
Article
Optics
Forrest Valdez, Viphretuo Mere, Shayan Mookherjea
Summary: This study demonstrates integrated hybrid thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) electro-optic Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) that utilize TFLN bonded to planarized silicon nitride waveguides. The design eliminates the need for TFLN etching or patterning. The MZM achieves a half-wave voltage length product (V pi L) of 0.8 V.cm at 784 nm. MZM devices with modulation lengths of 0.4 cm and 0.8 cm display a broadband electro-optic response, with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 100 GHz and a high extinction ratio exceeding 30 dB, showcasing record performance.
Article
Physics, Applied
Dongdong Li, Hongbin Ma, Qiwei Zhan, Jie Liao, Wen-Yan Yin, Hongsheng Chen, Haoliang Qian
Summary: A high-speed and efficient on-chip electro-optic modulator based on midinfrared hyperbolic metamaterials is proposed, with a modulation region length of 60 nm and high integration. It features a maximum modulation depth of 30 dB and a 3-dB modulation speed of up to 50 GHz.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Niels Quack, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Hamed Sattari, Pierre Edinger, Gaehun Jo, Simon J. Bleiker, Carlos Errando-Herranz, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Frank Niklaus, Umar Khan, Peter Verheyen, Arun Kumar Mallik, Jun Su Lee, Moises Jezzini, Padraic Morrissey, Cleitus Antony, Peter O'Brien, Wim Bogaerts
Summary: Silicon photonics is a mature technology with various applications, such as optical communications, sensing, computing, and quantum information processing. It offers excellent performance, high yield, and high-volume capacity through standardized manufacturing technology. However, the weak electro-optic effects of silicon limit the integration scale. By incorporating MEMS technology, the limitations can be overcome, allowing for compact, low-loss, broadband, fast, and low-power devices. This integration enables the scaling of photonic integrated circuits for telecommunications, neuromorphic computing, sensing, programmable photonics, and quantum computing.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Xinyu Su, Guolei Liu, Hongyan Yu, Dasai Ban, Niping Deng, Feng Qiu
Summary: This study presents an electro-optic polymer/silicon hybrid metasurface modulator with a high modulation bandwidth, utilizing a specially designed high-Q resonance structure for high-speed and low-energy applications in intelligent tunable metasurfaces and space optical communication.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boris Zabelich, Edgars Nitiss, Anton Stroganov, Camille-Sophie Bres
Summary: This study demonstrates the implementation of thermally assisted electric-field poling in stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides. This method allows for the formation of a strong electric field, enabling linear electro-optic modulation and paving the way for the development of chi((2))-based devices on Si3N4.
Article
Physics, Applied
Katrin Pingen, Stefan Neuhaus, Niklas Wolff, Lorenz Kienle, Agne Zukauskaite, Elizabeth von Hauff, Alexander M. Hinz
Summary: The increasing demand for More than Moore devices requires epitaxy technology to keep up with the discovery and deployment of new semiconductors. An emerging technology for cost-effective, device-quality growth is magnetron sputter epitaxy, though detailed studies on the process itself remain scarce.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Weiyu Tong, Yanxian Wei, Hailong Zhou, Jianji Dong, Xinliang Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a novel design method for a thermo-optic phase shifter is proposed, which achieves low insertion loss and high response speed by placing high-loss materials close to the optical waveguide. The optimized structure also reduces the power consumption, showing potential for application in large-scale silicon photonic integrated circuits.
