Article
Plant Sciences
Adam Kuzdralinski, Justyna Lesniowska-Nowak, Michal Nowak, Magdalena Kawecka, Anna Kot, Karolina Rozaniecka, Agnieszka Ostrowska, Marta Muszynska, Adam Wasko, Hubert Szczerba
Summary: New primer sets were developed for species-specific identification of Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat leaf samples, showing high specificity and sensitivity in both in silico validation and in vitro tests on common wheat samples with visual symptoms of Septoria tritici blotch conducted in Poland.
Article
Agronomy
Pierre Hellin, Maxime Duvivier, Thies M. Heick, Bart A. Fraaije, Charlotte Bataille, Aurelie Clinckemaillie, Anne Legreve, Lise N. Jorgensen, Bjorn Andersson, Berit Samils, Bernd Rodemann, Gunilla Berg, Fiona Hutton, Maxime Garnault, Moussa El Jarroudi, Gilles Couleaud, Steven Kildea
Summary: The study evaluated the frequency of key alterations causing resistance in commercial wheat crops across European countries, revealing the highest frequencies in Ireland and Great Britain, with a gradual increase over the past decade. While these alterations are becoming dominant in certain regions, there is still potential to delay their selection across the wider European population, highlighting the need for the implementation of fungicide antiresistance measures.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samara Mejri, Alina Ghinet, Maryline Magnin-Robert, Beatrice Randoux, Cristina-Maria Abuhaie, Benoit Tisserant, Philippe Gautret, Benoit Rigo, Patrice Halama, Philippe Reignault, Ali Siah
Summary: The current global focus on agroecology and green agriculture requires the discovery of new ecofriendly and sustainable plant protection tools. This study synthesized 30 molecules from pyroglutamic acid, sourced from sugar beet byproducts, and examined their biological activity on wheat-Zymoseptoria tritici. The molecules provided significant disease protection when applied to the leaves, with up to 63% reduction in disease severity. Further investigation revealed that their activity was dependent on the activation of plant defense mechanisms. This study introduces a new family of bio-sourced resistance inducers and contributes to the development of sustainable agriculture.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maxime Garnault, Clementine Duplaix, Pierre Leroux, Gilles Couleaud, Olivier David, Anne-Sophie Walker, Florence Carpentier
Summary: A study conducted in France found that the evolution of fungicide resistance is mainly determined by the regional scale of fungicide use. The results of the study suggest that collective management at the regional scale can effectively complement local actions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sahbi Ferjaoui, Lamia Aouini, Rim B. Slimane, Karim Ammar, Suzanne Dreisigacker, Henk J. Schouten, Suraj Sapkota, Bochra A. Bahri, Sarrah Ben M'Barek, Richard G. F. Visser, Gert H. J. Kema, Sonia Hamza
Summary: This study identified broad resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession 'Agili39' and mapped two major and two minor QTL associated with the resistance. The findings suggest that the natural pyramiding of these QTL in 'Agili 39' contributes to its broad efficacy against STB and can be utilized for effective breeding of Z. tritici resistance in durum wheat.
Article
Agronomy
Steven Kildea, Pierre Hellin, Thies M. Heick, Stephen Byrne, Fiona Hutton
Summary: This study reveals a wide range of sensitivity to mefentrifluconazole in European Z. tritici populations. The Irish population showed the lowest sensitivity to the tested azoles. Further analysis of the Irish population in 2021 demonstrated that sensitivity differences were associated with the frequencies of key resistance mechanisms. Reductions in the efficacy of mefentrifluconazole were observed towards strains with the lowest sensitivity under glasshouse conditions.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lukas Meile, Maria Garrido-Arandia, Zoe Bernasconi, Jules Peter, Alissa Schneller, Alessio Bernasconi, Julien Alassimone, Bruce A. McDonald, Andrea Sanchez-Vallet
Summary: Successful host colonization by plant pathogens requires evasion of host defense responses through sequence modifications in avirulence factors. The contribution of natural sequence polymorphisms in avirulence factors to virulence diversity in natural pathogen populations has been largely unexplored. We used molecular genetic tools to show that natural variation in the avirulence factor Avr3D1 contributes to adaptive changes in virulence in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. We also demonstrated that Avr3D1 homologues in nonpathogenic sister species of Z. tritici can elicit resistance responses in some wheat cultivars, suggesting a role for Avr-R gene-for-gene interactions in nonhost resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Karolina Lavrukaite, Thies M. Heick, Jurate Ramanauskiene, Rita Armoniene, Antanas Ronis
Summary: Zymoseptoria tritici is a major cause of yield loss in winter wheat worldwide due to its ability to cause septoria leaf blotch. Fungicides are commonly used by farmers to protect their crops, but the effectiveness of these measures is decreasing rapidly as the pathogen develops resistance through natural mutation mechanisms. This study conducted sensitivity tests, mutation detection, and field experiments in Lithuania to assess the current situation of fungicide resistance. The findings reveal an increase in resistance mutations and provide important information on the status of fungicide resistance in the Lithuanian Z. tritici population.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fateme Ghiasi Noei, Mojtaba Imami, Fardad Didaran, Mohammad Amin Ghanbari, Elham Zamani, Amin Ebrahimi, Sasan Aliniaeifard, Mohsen Farzaneh, Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah, Angela Feechan, Amir Mirzadi Gohari
Summary: This study investigates the biochemical and physiological changes in wheat during gene-for-gene interaction with the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. It reveals the immune response triggered by the recognition of AvrStb6 by the resistance gene Stb6 and analyzes plant responses to pathogen infection, including transient stomatal closure and maintenance of photosynthesis. The findings demonstrate the coordination of antioxidant enzyme expression and activity to counteract oxidative stress in the Stb6-AvrStb6 interaction.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Melissa Battache, Marc-Henri Lebrun, Kaori Sakai, Olivier Soudiere, Florence Cambon, Thierry Langin, Cyrille Saintenac
Summary: Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a major wheat disease in Europe. The genetic resistance to STB is an effective strategy, but the mechanisms underlying resistance are not well understood, hindering the implementation of management strategies based on knowledge.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Eoghan Curran, James I. I. Burke, Angela Feechan
Summary: Zymoseptoria tritici is a globally important fungal pathogen causing a foliar disease in wheat. Co-infection of multiple strains of this fungus is known to be common in the field, yet its impact on disease severity and plant defense remains unclear.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Elena Fantozzi, Sreedhar Kilaru, Sarah J. Gurr, Gero Steinberg
Summary: The fungus Zymoseptoria tritici causes Septoria tritici blotch of wheat. Time post inoculation shows asynchronous development stages co-existing in infected tissues, suggesting synchronization of pathogen population prior to sporulation. Later stages of pathogen development also occur asynchronously amongst the population of infecting cells, which should be considered when interpreting transcriptomics or proteomics data from infected plants.
FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Minely Ceron-Bustamante, Francesco Tini, Giovanni Beccari, Paolo Benincasa, Lorenzo Covarelli
Summary: The wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici responds to light by modulating its gene expression, and different light wavelengths have specific effects on its growth and host colonization. Blue light reduces colony growth, while dark and red light promote fungal development. White light stimulates host colonization, while red light represses it. This study demonstrates the importance of light in the interaction between Z. tritici and wheat.
Article
Microbiology
Riinu Kiiker, Marite Juurik, Thies Marten Heick, Andres Mae
Summary: The study assessed fungicide sensitivity in the Estonian Zt population and found that it is mainly sensitive to DMIs, with varying frequencies of CYP51 gene alterations and stable sensitivity to SDHIs. Additionally, isolates with reduced sensitivity to SDHIs showed a mutation in the SdhB subunit. The ongoing evolution of fungicide sensitivity in Estonia highlights the importance of knowledge-based decisions for optimizing anti-resistance strategies in the field.
Article
Agronomy
Holger Klink, Joseph-Alexander Verreet, Mario Hasler, Tim Birr
Summary: Research suggests that the sensitivity of Z. tritici towards older triazole fungicides has been decreasing over the years, while the new isopropanol triazole mefentrifluconazole has shown consistent efficacy in inhibiting the fungal growth of Z. tritici.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana K. Machado Wood, Vinay Panwar, Mike Grimwade-Mann, Tom Ashfield, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, Kostya Kanyuka
Summary: Plants have developed intricate defense mechanisms called innate immunity to protect against pathogens, with vesicular trafficking playing a crucial role in plant-pathogen interactions. This study found that components of the vesicular trafficking system involved in immunity in Arabidopsis also play a role in the interaction between wheat and the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hui Tian, Craig I. MacKenzie, Luis Rodriguez-Moreno, Grardy C. M. van den Berg, Hongxin Chen, Jason J. Rudd, Jeroen R. Mesters, Bart P. H. J. Thomma
Summary: Chitin is a major component of fungal cell walls and triggers immune responses in plants. The wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici secretes LysM effector proteins to avoid host immune activation. Three LysM effectors, including Mgx1LysM, play roles in disarming chitin-triggered wheat immunity with varying degrees of contribution to the virulence of Z. tritici.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Christopher Stephens, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, Kostya Kanyuka
Summary: WAKs, as a key gene family, play a major role in helping plants resist pathogen invasion. They act as immune receptors that recognize pathogens and also enhance innate immunity by modifying and strengthening the cell wall.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Christopher Stephens, Fatih Olmez, Hannah Blyth, Megan McDonald, Anuradha Bansal, Emine Burcu Turgay, Florian Hahn, Cyrille Saintenac, Vladimir Nekrasov, Peter Solomon, Andrew Milgate, Bart Fraaije, Jason Rudd, Kostya Kanyuka
Summary: Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a major economically important disease of wheat. Recent research has identified gene-for-gene interaction factors between Z. tritici and wheat, namely the wheat receptor-like kinase Stb6 and the Z. tritici secreted effector protein AvrStb6. Studies show a high diversity of AvrStb6 haplotypes in earlier Z. tritici isolates, but a complete absence of the avirulence isoform among modern isolates, indicating a trend towards elimination of avirulence haplotypes in subsequent Z. tritici populations.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Kostya Kanyuka, Alina A. Igna, Peter S. Solomon, Richard P. Oliver
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stuart D. Desjardins, James Simmonds, Inna Guterman, Kostya Kanyuka, Amanda J. Burridge, Andrew J. Tock, Eugenio Sanchez-Moran, F. Chris H. Franklin, Ian R. Henderson, Keith J. Edwards, Cristobal Uauy, James D. Higgins
Summary: FANCM suppresses crossovers in plants and maintains obligatory crossovers in wheat, promoting generation of novel allelic combinations. It plays a role in first-end capture and non-crossover formation. Additionally, fancm could be an effective tool for accelerating breeding in wheat.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Darino, Kostya Kanyuka, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack
Summary: The apoplast is the intercellular space that plays a crucial role in plant immunity, including pathogen recognition and immune response. It restricts pathogen infection through secretion of molecules, production of reactive oxygen species, and modulation of sugar pool, among other mechanisms.
ESSAYS IN BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Harry T. Child, Michael J. Deeks, Ken Haynes, Jason J. Rudd, Steven Bates
Summary: This study shows that autophagy does not contribute to the virulence of the fungal plant pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. However, ZtATG8 plays an autophagy-independent role in the development of pathogenicity.
FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Duoduo Wang, Kostya Kanyuka, Matevz Papp-Rupar
Summary: Contrary to the classical cell-wall model, the role of pectin metabolism in cell-wall integrity, pathogen detection, and defense response is discussed. A new metabolic and regulatory model linking pectin to cell-wall-mediated immunity, including disease susceptibility in tomato ripening, is proposed.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Welch, Carlos Bayon, Jason J. Rudd, Kostya Kanyuka, Graeme J. Kettles
Summary: Cell death processes in eukaryotes have significant impacts on normal development and responses to the environment. This study demonstrates the important role of host cell death initiation in plant-microbe interactions. The expression of different Z. tritici SSPs triggers distinct transcriptional reprogramming in plant cells, depending on whether cell death occurs through a cell surface immune receptor-dependent or -independent manner.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Henry Tidd, Jason J. J. Rudd, Rumiana V. V. Ray, Ruth Bryant, Kostya Kanyuka
Summary: Septoria tritici blotch (STB), a damaging fungal disease of wheat in Europe, has become resistant to current protection methods. This study assessed the effectiveness of 19 known STB resistance genes in wheat genotypes, and found that Stb10, Stb11, Stb12, Stb16q, Stb17, and Stb19 provided broad spectrum disease resistance. Synthetic hexaploid wheat lines were identified as promising sources of effective STB resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Hongxin Chen, Robert King, Dan Smith, Carlos Bayon, Tom Ashfield, Stefano Torriani, Kostya Kanyuka, Kim Hammond-Kosack, Stephane Bieri, Jason Rudd
Summary: Studying genomic variation in rapidly evolving pathogens can identify genes that support their core biology, which are present, functional, and expressed in all strains. The wheat-pathogenic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici represents a rapidly evolving threat to global food security and was the subject of this study.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jason J. Rudd
Article
Plant Sciences
Narayana M. Upadhyaya, Rohit Mago, Vinay Panwar, Tim Hewitt, Ming Luo, Jian Chen, Jana Sperschneider, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Aihua Wang, Diana Ortiz, Luch Hac, Dhara Bhatt, Feng Li, Jianping Zhang, Michael Ayliffe, Melania Figueroa, Kostya Kanyuka, Jeffrey G. Ellis, Peter N. Dodds
Summary: Stem rust caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is a devastating disease of wheat globally. Breeding for disease resistance is the most cost-effective control method, but new virulent strains of Pgt pose a threat to global wheat production.
