Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shawn P. Laursen, Samuel Bowerman, Karolin Luger
Summary: The three domains of life employ various strategies to organize their genomes. Archaea utilize features similar to those found in both eukaryotic and bacterial chromatin to organize their DNA. Each protein introduces a unique phenotype to chromatin organization, and these structures are put into the context of in vivo and in vitro data.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Elina S. Rantala, Micaela M. Hernberg, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Hans E. Grossniklaus, Tero T. Kivela
Summary: Treatment of primary intraocular uveal melanoma has advanced significantly, but the risk of distant metastases remains high. There is no consensus on surveillance, staging, and treatment of disseminated disease, making it difficult to improve survival rates. Solving these issues is the key to curing metastatic uveal melanoma.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maham Hayat, Dennis Yang, Peter Draganov
Summary: Over the years, our experience with endoscopic submucosal dissection and technological advances has improved our understanding of working in the submucosa. Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was the first procedure to demonstrate the feasibility and clinical benefits of endoscopic esophagogastric myotomy. The launch of POEM has accelerated the development of third-space endoscopy with various clinical applications.
GASTROENTEROLOGY REPORT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Patrick N. O'Mahen, Laura A. Petersen
Summary: This Viewpoint discusses the reasons for the lack of Medicaid expansion in all US states and proposes strategies to achieve expansion in the remaining 10 states.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Political Science
Guy D. Whitten, Laron K. Williams, Cameron Wimpy
Summary: The use of spatial econometric models in political science has been increasing in recent years, however, the interpretation of these models often overlooks the substantive and spatial nature of the estimated effects. A general approach to interpreting spatial models is introduced, with applications to various models in the spatial econometric taxonomy, as demonstrated through the example of the diffusion of democracy in modern political science research.
POLITICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH AND METHODS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dipan J. Shah
Summary: Echocardiography has been the primary tool for evaluating valvular regurgitation, but may have limitations in certain cases. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the preferred modality for many institutions, offering a comprehensive assessment and direct health information on myocardial tissue.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saul Utrera-Barrios, Raquel Verdejo, Miguel Angel Lopez-Manchado, Marianella Hernandez Santana
Summary: This article provides an exhaustive summary of the developments in self-healing rubber materials over the past decade and highlights the achievements and breakthroughs made by Spain in implementing this strategy. It emphasizes that self-healing capability is the final challenge in the pursuit of truly sustainable materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David J. Goldfeld, Jeffrey H. Schott
Summary: University safety initiatives have expanded to cover all areas of chemistry, but efforts to improve safety in extracurricular student groups have been hindered by various factors. Through collaboration with the University of Minnesota Rocket Team, a framework was developed to encourage safe and constructive activities in potentially hazardous situations for undergraduate student groups.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alan C. Foster, Bonnie E. Jacques, Fabrice Piu
Summary: Despite the high prevalence of hearing loss, there are currently no approved drugs for its treatment. However, research in the past two decades has greatly improved our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms in the cochlea and led to the development of innovative strategies. These advancements, along with local drug delivery methods, have paved the way for promising therapies that are now being investigated in clinical trials.
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nadine C. Chapman, Theotime Colin, James Cook, Carmen R. B. da Silva, Ros Gloag, Katja Hogendoorn, Scarlett R. Howard, Emily J. Remnant, John M. K. Roberts, Simon M. Tierney, Rachele S. Wilson, Alexander S. Mikheyev
Summary: Studying the introduction of the Varroa destructor into native ecosystems can provide valuable insights into ecological and evolutionary theory. The detection of Varroa in Australia in 2022 poses potential risks and opportunities for studying its impact on honeybee populations and pollination. The invasion of Varroa can also serve as a model for studying evolution, virology, and ecological interactions between parasites, hosts, and other organisms.
Article
Environmental Studies
Eva Hershaw, Sergio Sauer
Summary: The Cerrado biome in Brazil is now a major economic force and agricultural frontier, attracting global attention. This article focuses on the Matopiba sub-region within the Cerrado, discussing land grabbing and the process of financialization. Foreign individuals have played a role as intermediaries, leveraging their knowledge of local land dynamics to facilitate financialization in the region. This shift towards financialization poses risks and exacerbates conflicts around land and territorial rights in the Cerrado, especially with the entry of foreign and transnational capital into the Brazilian countryside.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arun Kalyanasundaram, Ashok Seth
Summary: Increasing operator experience and transitioning to retrograde approach when antegrade technique fails have improved success rates in CTO PCI. The upfront retrograde approach is used in some cases with moderate success, and the presence of usable collateral is the most important predictor. While pursuing improved revascularization rates, patient safety and complications rates should also be considered.
CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Enrique Jelvez, Nelson Morales, Julian M. Ortiz
Summary: In the context of planning the exploitation of an open-pit mine, this study presents a stochastic programming model for the final pit limit problem. By modeling the uncertainty of ore grades using conditional simulations, the model maximizes the expected profit of mining business while minimizing the risk of losses. It generates a set of optimal solutions in the expected return vs. risk space for decision makers to choose from.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer E. Klomp, Jeff A. Klomp, Channing J. Der
Summary: The RAF-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is extensively studied and targeted by pharmaceutical industry. The ERK-MAPK cascade, initially thought to be a linear pathway, is now understood as a complex network with dynamic signaling inputs and outputs. Despite advances in understanding, the adaptability of cancer cells to inhibition of key nodes reveals a complexity that is not fully understood.
BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Review
History
Benjamin W. Goossen
Summary: The Blue Marble photograph excludes Europe and highlights the importance of the Global North, but it also raises historical and geopolitical contradictions. The photograph symbolizes human unity and the protection of the earth, while also echoing the issue of inequality from the era of imperialism.
CONTEMPORARY EUROPEAN HISTORY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dmitry Velmeshev, Lucas Schirmer, Diane Jung, Maximilian Haeussler, Yonatan Perez, Simone Mayer, Aparna Bhaduri, Nitasha Goyal, David H. Rowitch, Arnold R. Kriegstein
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas Schirmer, Dmitry Velmeshev, Staffan Holmqvist, Max Kaufmann, Sebastian Werneburg, Diane Jung, Stephanie Vistnes, John H. Stockley, Adam Young, Maike Steindel, Brian Tung, Nitasha Goyal, Aparna Bhaduri, Simone Mayer, Jan Broder Engler, Omer A. Bayraktar, Robin J. M. Franklin, Maximilian Haeussler, Richard Reynolds, Dorothy P. Schafer, Manuel A. Friese, Lawrence R. Shiow, Arnold R. Kriegstein, David H. Rowitch
Article
Polymer Science
Vijay K. Rana, Anthony Tabet, Julian A. Vigil, Christopher J. Balzer, Aurimas Narkevicius, John Finlay, Clement Hallou, David H. Rowitch, Harry Bulstrode, Oren A. Scherman
Article
Neurosciences
Martina de Majo, Mark Koontz, David Rowitch, Erik M. Ullian
Article
Neurosciences
Heather L. Smith, Oliver J. Freeman, Adrian J. Butcher, Staffan Holmqvist, Ibrahim Humoud, Tobias Schatzl, Daniel T. Hughes, Nicholas C. Verity, Dean P. Swinden, Joseph Hayes, Lis de Weerd, David H. Rowitch, Robin J. M. Franklin, Giovanna R. Mallucci
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Huang, Aparna Bhaduri, Dmitry Velmeshev, Shaohui Wang, Li Wang, Catherine A. Rottkamp, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, David H. Rowitch, Arnold R. Kriegstein
Article
Neurosciences
Manideep Chavali, Maria Jose Ulloa-Navas, Pedro Perez-Borreda, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Patrick S. McQuillen, Eric J. Huang, David H. Rowitch
Review
Neurosciences
Jun Nagai, Xinzhu Yu, Thomas Papouin, Eunji Cheong, Marc R. Freeman, Kelly R. Monk, Michael H. Hastings, Philip G. Haydon, David Rowitch, Shai Shaham, Baljit S. Khakh
Summary: Astrocytes play crucial roles in the nervous system, regulating neural circuits to affect various behavioral outcomes. Recent studies have uncovered diverse mechanisms of astrocytes and their association with certain human diseases. Including astrocytes in neural circuit research offers new perspectives for understanding behavior, its regulation, and manifestations related to diseases.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
D. H. Rowitch, S. O'Rahilly, G. C. S. Smith
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
D. H. Rowitch, S. O'Rahilly, G. C. S. Smith
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Carole Escartin, Elena Galea, Andras Lakatos, James P. O'Callaghan, Gabor C. Petzold, Alberto Serrano-Pozo, Christian Steinhauser, Andrea Volterra, Giorgio Carmignoto, Amit Agarwal, Nicola J. Allen, Alfonso Araque, Luis Barbeito, Ari Barzilai, Dwight E. Bergles, Gilles Bonvento, Arthur M. Butt, Wei-Ting Chen, Martine Cohen-Salmon, Colm Cunningham, Benjamin Deneen, Bart De Strooper, Blanca Diaz-Castro, Cinthia Farina, Marc Freeman, Vittorio Gallo, James E. Goldman, Steven A. Goldman, Magdalena Gotz, Antonia Gutierrez, Philip G. Haydon, Dieter H. Heiland, Elly M. Hol, Matthew G. Holt, Masamitsu Iino, Ksenia V. Kastanenka, Helmut Kettenmann, Baljit S. Khakh, Schuichi Koizumi, C. Justin Lee, Shane A. Liddelow, Brian A. MacVicar, Pierre Magistretti, Albee Messing, Anusha Mishra, Anna V. Molofsky, Keith K. Murai, Christopher M. Norris, Seiji Okada, Stephane H. R. Oliet, Joao F. Oliveira, Aude Panatier, Vladimir Parpura, Marcela Pekna, Milos Pekny, Luc Pellerin, Gertrudis Perea, Beatriz G. Perez-Nievas, Frank W. Pfrieger, Kira E. Poskanzer, Francisco J. Quintana, Richard M. Ransohoff, Miriam Riquelme-Perez, Stefanie Robel, Christine R. Rose, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, Nathalie Rouach, David H. Rowitch, Alexey Semyanov, Swetlana Sirko, Harald Sontheimer, Raymond A. Swanson, Javier Vitorica, Ina-Beate Wanner, Levi B. Wood, Jiaqian Wu, Binhai Zheng, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Robert Zorec, Michael V. Sofroniew, Alexei Verkhratsky
Summary: The article highlights the challenges and uncertainties surrounding reactive astrocytes, advocating for comprehensive research that includes assessment of multiple molecular and functional parameters, preferably in vivo, along with multivariate statistics and determination of impact on pathological hallmarks in relevant models.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Vien Nguyen, Manideep Chavali, Amara Larpthaveesarp, Srikirti Kodali, Ginez Gonzalez, Robin J. M. Franklin, David H. Rowitch, Fernando Gonzalez
Summary: The Sonic hedgehog agonist SAG demonstrated neuroprotective effects in neonatal stroke and adult white matter injury, reducing brain damage and improving long-term behavioral outcomes. This study expands the potential use of Sonic hedgehog in treating developing brain injury, adding to previous research in models of Down syndrome and cerebellar injury.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Lucas Schirmer, Dorothy P. Schafer, Theresa Bartels, David H. Rowitch, Peter A. Calabresi
Summary: Recent advances in research have identified various glial cell subtypes under inflammatory conditions, which play important roles in the progression of neurological diseases. Through the application of new technologies, we are able to better understand the pathology of multiple sclerosis.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Magda Gerigk, Harry Bulstrode, HaoTian Harvey Shi, Felix Tonisen, Camilla Cerutti, Gillian Morrison, David Rowitch, Yan Yan Shery Huang
Summary: The development of an in vitro model for studying the migration of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and their interactions with perivascular niches in the tumor microenvironment was demonstrated in this study. The model showed maintenance of stemness of patient-derived GSCs and fetal neural stem cells, as well as upregulation of neovascularization-related genes in endothelial cells co-cultured with GSCs. The on-chip platform enabled live-cell imaging of GSC-microvessel interaction and quantitative analysis of GSC polarization and migration, showing a different interaction pattern compared to non-tissue specific vascular niches of human origin.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anthony Tabet, Thomas Gebhart, Guanglu Wu, Charlie Readman, Merrick Pierson Smela, Vijay K. Rana, Cole Baker, Harry Bulstrode, Polina Anikeeva, David H. Rowitch, Oren A. Scherman
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2020)
