Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuhiro Ayabe, Chika Takahashi, Rena Ohya, Yasuhisa Ano
Summary: Beta-lactolin improves mitochondrial functions and prevents neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease-related neuronal cell models, demonstrating its advantage in maintaining neuronal health.
Article
Cell Biology
Prameet Kaur, Ellora Hui Zhen Chua, Wen Kin Lim, Jiarui Liu, Nathan Harmston, Nicholas S. Tolwinski
Summary: In this study, the researchers used an optogenetic model to investigate the effect of Wnt signaling on amyloid-beta in patients with Alzheimer's disease. They found that Wnt activation can rescue the detrimental effects of amyloid expression and oligomerization, and identified changes in gene expression related to aging, protein misfolding, metabolism, and inflammation. They proposed that Wnt expression reduces inflammation through repression of Toll activating factors.
Review
Cell Biology
Xiaofang Xu, Huikang Xu, Zhaocai Zhang
Summary: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (A beta) and other amyloid proteins in the brain's blood vessels, leading to cerebrovascular and brain damage. CAA is often associated with cardiac injury, involving A beta, tau, and transthyroxine amyloid (ATTR). A beta acts as the main damaging factor, causing coronary artery atherosclerosis, aortic valve calcification, and cardiomyocyte degeneration. The progression of CAA can further impact the heart through amyloidosis, inflammation, and cerebral hemorrhage. The interaction between CAA and cardiac injury creates a vicious cycle that accelerates the progression of both conditions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne-Cathrine S. Vogt, Gary T. Jennings, Mona O. Mohsen, Monique Vogel, Martin F. Bachmann
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is responsible for 60-70% of cases. The number of people with dementia is expected to triple by 2050 due to an aging population. Currently, there are only symptomatic treatments available, making it crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease. This mini-review focuses on the understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathobiology and discusses current immunomodulating therapies targeting amyloid-beta protein.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Weimin Qiu, Hui Liu, Yijun Liu, Xin Lu, Lei Wang, Yanyu Hu, Feng Feng, Qi Li, Haopeng Sun
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a difficult to treat progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (A beta) plaques in the brain. A beta interacts with various receptors on the plasma membrane and mediates signaling pathways that contribute to the development of AD. Despite ongoing research, there are currently no effective medications for AD. This review discusses the importance of A beta in the pathogenesis of AD, recent progress in targeting A beta-related receptors and compounds, and the challenges and opportunities in developing effective therapies for AD.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Muhammad Ikram, Myeung Hoon Jo, Kyonghwan Choe, Amjad Khan, Sareer Ahmad, Kamran Saeed, Min Woo Kim, Myeong Ok Kim
Summary: Cycloastragenol demonstrated positive effects against oxidative stress, neurogenic dysfunction, MAP kinase activation, mitochondrial apoptosis, and memory impairment in an A beta-induced mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bong-Geum Jang, Jisun Lee, Boyoung Choi, Young Ho Koh, Min-Ju Kim
Summary: Resveratrol, a drug candidate for Alzheimer's disease, has shown beneficial effects in various models but may paradoxically increase Aβ production. This effect may be mediated by AMPK-proteasome signaling pathway.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingshu Liu, Sihan Liu, Li Zeng, Irene Tsilioni
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by the aggregation of toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neuroinflammation. Mast cells (MCs), an innate immune cell type, play a role in the immune response in AD. A 3D culture system using collagen gel was developed to investigate the activation of MCs by Aβ peptides. The study found that MCs responded to Aβ deposition by secreting inflammatory mediators, with Aβ1-42 inducing the highest level of activation. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding neuroinflammation in AD through investigating MCs in a 3D environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Elizaveta A. Dutysheva, Irina A. Utepova, Maria A. Trestsova, Alexander S. Anisimov, Valery N. Charushin, Oleg N. Chupakhin, Boris A. Margulis, Irina Guzhova, Vladimir F. Lazarev
Summary: Chemicals that induce the synthesis of heat shock proteins have been shown to improve neuronal survival and provide neuroprotective effects in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ly Porosk, Heleri Heike Hark, Renata Naporano Bicev, Ilja Gaidutsik, Jekaterina Nebogatova, Eger-Jasper Armolik, Piret Arukuusk, Emerson Rodrigo da Silva, Ulo Langel
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that causes dementia, and its pathophysiological dynamics are driven by genetics with high heterogeneity in biological alterations and causes. The disease is characterized by the progression of aggregated amyloid-beta (A beta) or Tau neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatments for AD are not efficient, but recent breakthroughs have led to the discovery of potential therapeutic targets such as reducing brain inflammation and limiting A beta aggregation. This study demonstrates the successful use of A beta interacting protein sequences, particularly derived from Transthyretin, to reduce or target amyloid aggregation, and also predicts anti-inflammatory properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Decheng Bi, Lijun Yao, Zhijian Lin, Lianli Chi, Hui Li, Hong Xu, Xiubo Du, Qiong Liu, Zhangli Hu, Jun Lu, Xu Xu
Summary: The study investigated the therapeutic effects of MOS derived from seaweed on Alzheimer's disease, showing that it can inhibit the aggregation of amyloid-beta and promote autophagy, suggesting it as a potential nutraceutical or natural medicine for AD therapy.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qinyuan Alis Xu, Pierre Boerkoel, Veronica Hirsch-Reinshagen, Ian R. Mackenzie, Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung, Geoffrey Charm, Elliott F. To, Alice Q. Liu, Katerina Schwab, Kailun Jiang, Marinko Sarunic, Mirza Faisal Beg, Wellington Pham, Jing Cui, Eleanor To, Sieun Lee, Joanne A. Matsubara
Summary: Amyloid beta deposits in the retina may serve as a useful diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. This study found significantly higher A beta load in the Alzheimer's retina compared to control eyes, particularly in the mid-peripheral region. Dysfunction of glial cells and microglia may play important roles in the pathology of Alzheimer's retina.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Akiko Amano, Nobuo Sanjo, Wataru Araki, Yasutaka Anraku, Makoto Nakakido, Etsuro Matsubara, Takami Tomiyama, Tetsuya Nagata, Kouhei Tsumoto, Kazunori Kataoka, Takanori Yokota
Summary: Researchers developed polymeric nanomicelles capable of passing through the blood-brain barrier to deliver specific antibodies to the brain. The administration of 6H4 antibody fragments in polymeric nanomicelles for 10 weeks significantly reduced the amounts of toxic A beta species in the brain and inhibited the formation of A beta plaques. Behavioral analysis also showed an improvement in spatial reference memory in mice with Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vita V. Hanzha, Nataliia M. Rozumna, Yevheniia V. Kravenska, Mykola Ya. Spivak, Elena A. Lukyanetz
Summary: The possibilities of using CNPs as nanoparticle materials in the biomedical field, specifically in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, are exciting due to their low toxicity and neuroprotective properties. In studies conducted, CNPs showed potential in reducing neuronal death induced by beta-amyloid peptide, a key factor in AD. These findings suggest that CNPs may hold promise for developing new treatments for AD based on their neuroprotective properties.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Tamagno, Michela Guglielmotto, Valeria Vasciaveo, Massimo Tabaton
Summary: The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease involves the accumulation of beta amyloid and vulnerability of the brain to oxidative stress, which are linked to each other. It is difficult to determine which comes first, Aβ or oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress occurs early in the development of Alzheimer's disease and plays a crucial role in the manifestation of clinical and pathological symptoms.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)