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Neurosciences
Nian-Sheng Ju, Shu-Chen Guan, Louis Tao, Shi-Ming Tang, Cong Yu
Summary: The study utilized long-term 2-photon calcium imaging to investigate the microstructures of orientation functional maps and population tuning properties in the superficial layers of V1 in awake macaques, revealing that cellular orientation preferences result in horizontal and vertical clustering, and narrower tuning bandwidths than previously estimated.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chen Fang, Xingya Cai, Haidong D. Lu
Summary: In mammals, there is a higher number of neurons in the V1 area dedicated to cardinal orientations than to oblique orientations. However, studies on macaque monkeys have produced conflicting results regarding the orientation distribution in their visual cortex. It has also been unclear whether different visual areas in the cortex exhibit different orientation anisotropies. This study analyzed optical imaging data and found that both V1 and V4 exhibit significant orientation anisotropies, but with different overrepresented orientations. These findings suggest that different cortical areas have evolved to prioritize different features for their functional purposes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Polina Petriakova, Sergey G. Rubin
Summary: The research presents an inflationary model without small parameters based on multidimensional f(R) gravity and a minimally coupled scalar field. The model goes through two stages of space expansion, with the first stage starting at energy scales around the D-dimensional Planck mass and ending with the de Sitter metric of our space and maximally symmetric extra dimensions. Subsequently, quantum fluctuations generate a wide variety of inhomogeneous extra metrics in causally disconnected regions in the de Sitter space.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Biology
Heng Ma, Pengcheng Li, Jiaming Hu, Xingya Cai, Qianling Song, Haidong D. Lu
Summary: Macaque monkeys were trained to discriminate motion boundaries, and results showed that V2 neurons exhibited orientation selectivity to motion boundaries and correlated with monkeys' performance. Additionally, direction-selective neurons in V2 showed correlated activity with motion boundary neurons for specific stimuli, suggesting a specific functional contribution in motion boundary discrimination tasks. These findings support the critical role of V2 in motion boundary analysis through a neural circuit.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rong J. B. Zhu, Xue-Xin Wei
Summary: This article introduces an unsupervised statistical approach called Poisson functional principal component analysis (Pf-PCA) to accurately capture the moment-to-moment tuning variability in neural representation. By decomposing the neural tuning variability into interpretable components, this method enables the discovery of unexpected structure in the neural code and captures the influence of both external stimulus drive and internal states simultaneously.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Loic Daumail, Brock M. Carlson, Blake A. Mitchell, Michele A. Cox, Jacob A. Westerberg, Cortez Johnson, Paul R. Martin, Frank Tong, Alexander Maier, Kacie Dougherty
Summary: The visual system dynamically adapts to changing environments and there is evidence of adaptation to stimuli that are changing, interrupted, or repeated. In this study, we found that the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of awake monkeys showed significant adaptation to repeated cycles of a drifting grating stimulus. Adaptation was observed in all cell classes, but only magnocellular neurons showed adaptation in population responses. The adaptation effect was monocular in nature and did not affect response variability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ying Zhang, Kenneth E. Schriver, Jia Ming Hu, Anna Wang Roe
Summary: Spatial frequency is an important attribute in the visual scene and how it is encoded in extrastriate areas of primate visual cortex remains unclear. This study used optical imaging to investigate the relationship between spatial frequency maps and visual topography, color, and orientation maps. The findings suggest a population-based spatial frequency organization that is related to color and orientation in different cortical areas.
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Thachil Francis, Anna Rozenboym, Lee von Kraus, Shaohua Xu, Pratik Chhatbar, Mulugeta Semework, Emerson Hawley, John Chapin
Summary: Microstimulation can restore lost sensations, such as touch, and our method determines a mapping between thalamic microstimulation and cortical responses to achieve natural sensation. In macaque experiments, we found a high correlation between thalamic stimulation and natural touch in neural responses.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mary Kate P. Joyce, Laura G. Marshall, Shimrani L. Banik, Jingyi Wang, Danqing Xiao, Jamie G. Bunce, Helen Barbas
Summary: This study investigates the composition and connections of the reuniens nucleus (RE) in the rhesus monkey. The results show that RE has bidirectional connections with the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and basal amygdalar complex. The presence of inhibitory and excitatory neurons in RE suggests its role in memory, cognition, and emotional context. The findings highlight the importance of RE in coordinating neural activity and its potential implications for psychiatric and neurologic diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Bernhard, Frederic L. W. V. J. Schaper, Marcus L. . F. Janssen, Erik D. Gommer, Bernadette M. Jansma, Vivianne Van Kranen-Mastenbroek, Rob P. W. Rouhl, Peter de Weerd, Joel Reithler, Mark J. Roberts
Summary: In this study, sleep spindles were investigated through thalamic recordings, revealing systematic coordination of multichannel spindle patterns at both thalamic and thalamocortical levels. Different subtypes of spindles were associated with distinct topographical patterns of thalamocortical spindle overlap.
Article
Biology
Alexandriya M. X. Emonds, Ramanujan Srinath, Kristina J. Nielsen, Charles E. Connor
Summary: This study is a prospective observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with recovered ejection fraction who underwent mitral valve repair combined with the Cox-maze procedure. The results showed that a significant proportion of patients had heart failure with recovered ejection fraction among those who underwent the procedure at our center from 2010 to 2019.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Arnaz Khan, Andy Taylor
Summary: This paper presents a minimal, self-tuning scalar field model that can dynamically cancel a large quantum vacuum energy and produce accelerated expansion. The model belongs to the Kinetic Gravity Braiding sub-class of Horndeski theory and is not excluded by observations.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Steliana Yanakieva, Mathias L. Mathiasen, Eman Amin, Andrew J. D. Nelson, Shane M. O'Mara, John P. Aggleton
Summary: This study compared collateral projections from different rostral thalamic nuclei terminating in different cortical areas. The results showed that these projections predominantly arise from separate populations of neurons with discrete cortical termination zones.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stephen Appleby, Reginald Christian Bernardo
Summary: This article studies the effects of variations in the degeneracy condition on scalar-tensor gravitational models. The study finds that the metric maintains an asymptotic Minkowski state when shift symmetry is preserved, but the asymptotic behavior can radically alter when shift symmetry is broken. Additionally, non-degenerate models have the attractive quality of having low energy, late-time asymptotic states that are independent of the vacuum energy.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Siddhartha Joshi, Joshua Gold
Summary: In awake monkeys, activation of the locus coeruleus (LC) results in changes in coordinated activity patterns in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). These changes are independent of firing rates of individual ACC neurons and depend on the type of LC activation and arousal state.
Article
Biology
Jean Laurens, Dora E. Angelaki
Article
Neurosciences
Byounghoon Kim, Michele A. Basso
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2010)
Article
Biology
Byounghoon Kim, Shobha Channabasappa Kenchappa, Adhira Sunkara, Ting-Yu Chang, Lowell Thompson, Raymond Doudlah, Ari Rosenberg
Article
Neurosciences
Jean Laurens, Dora E. Angelaki
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jean Laurens, Dora E. Angelaki
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dora E. Angelaki, Julia Ng, Amada M. Abrego, Henry X. Cham, Eftihia K. Asprodini, J. David Dickman, Jean Laurens
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Biology
Ting-Yu Chang, Raymond Doudlah, Byounghoon Kim, Adhira Sunkara, Lowell W. Thompson, Meghan E. Lowe, Ari Rosenberg
Article
Neurosciences
Eunha Baeg, Raymond Doudlah, Robert Swader, Hyowon Lee, Minjun Han, Seong-Gi Kim, Ari Rosenberg, Byounghoon Kim
Summary: This study presents a MRI compatible microdrive for delivering EM during MRI procedures with minimal imaging artifacts, allowing for multiple electrodes to be inserted, removed, and repositioned. The design was validated in a study with a male macaque monkey and has potential applications in neuronal recordings and targeted drug delivery. The provided CAD templates and parts list offer a cost-effective approach to fabricating MRI compatible microdrives for neuroscience research.
Article
Neurosciences
Min-Jun Han, Chan-Ung Park, Sangyun Kang, Byounghoon Kim, Aki Nikolaidis, Michael P. Milham, Seok Jun Hong, Seong-Gi Kim, Eunha Baeg
Summary: Advances in functional MRI have improved our understanding of the striatal system in humans and non-human primates, but its circuit level functional anatomy remains poorly understood. By combining microstimulation and whole-brain fMRI mapping in NHPs, this study revealed the complex functional circuit of the striatum and showed consistent embedding profiles of the striatal system across the whole brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Lowell W. Thompson, Byounghoon Kim, Zikang Zhu, Bas Rokers, Ari Rosenberg
Summary: Results show that there are differences in the integration of left- and right-eye perspective cues and stereoscopic cues in three-dimensional motion perception, suggesting that signals undergoing independent neural processing can influence 3-D perception.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Akis Stavropoulos, Kaushik J. Lakshminarasimhan, Jean Laurens, Xaq Pitkow, Dora Angelaki
Summary: This study investigated the impact of sensory observation and latent control dynamics on human path integration using a novel motion-cueing algorithm. The results showed that vestibular signals alone are unable to support accurate path integration without sustained acceleration. Furthermore, the study found that performance in all conditions reflected a failure to fully adapt to changes in the underlying control dynamics.
Article
Biology
Raymond Doudlah, Ting-Yu Chang, Lowell W. Thompson, Byounghoon Kim, Adhira Sunkara, Ari Rosenberg
Summary: This study reveals parallel representations, hierarchical transformations, and functional associations of visual and saccade-related signals at a key juncture in the dorsal 'where' pathway through investigating the relationship between CIP and V3A.
Article
Biology
Jean Laurens, Sheng Liu, Xiong-Jie Yu, Raymond Chan, David Dickman, Gregory C. DeAngelis, Dora E. Angelaki