Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ming Tang, Xu Chu, Jihua Hao, Bing Shen
Summary: This study found that the average thickness of active continental crust on Earth varies on billion-year time scales, with mountain-building processes closely related to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. The formation of the Nuna-Rodinia supercontinent led to a gradual thinning of the crust, impacting ocean nutrient cycling and the evolution of life.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hamed D. Ibrahim, Yunfang Sun
Summary: Characterizing the physical processes that modulate the heat partitioning between the ocean and atmosphere is important for monitoring the heat flow in the ocean due to climate change. The study finds that the rainfall sensible heat flux (Qp) is significant at both short and long time scales, accounting for up to 22.5% of sea surface net heat flux. Qp acts as a modulator by controlling the partitioning of heat energy and the cycle of heat flow between the ocean and atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Pierre Amato, Frederic Mathonat, Leslie Nunez Lopez, Raphaelle Peguilhan, Zeina Bourhane, Florent Rossi, Jonathan Vyskocil, Muriel Joly, Barbara Ervens
Summary: The atmosphere is a part of the Earth's microbiome and the abundance, viability, and diversity of microorganisms in the air are influenced by various factors including environmental variables and microbial properties. However, the aeromicrobiome is poorly understood and difficult to predict due to the heterogeneity of airborne microorganisms and their properties. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge and suggests future research directions to improve our understanding of the atmosphere as a biome.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhensheng Wang, Junfeng Zhang, Keqing Zong, Timothy M. Kusky, Yanxin Wang
Summary: Earth's habitability is due to its unique features of liquid water and plate tectonics, allowing for rapid recovery after major disasters. Plate tectonics plays a crucial role in connecting the surface environment with the deep interior, providing a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic events. This process also transfers essential elements for life from the deep to the near-surface environment and recycles toxic elements to the deep, shaping a long-term and stable habitable environment.
JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John C. H. Chiang, Anthony J. Broccoli
Summary: The seasonality of Earth's climate is influenced by the tilt of the Earth's rotation axis and the variation in the Earth-Sun distance. Recent modeling studies have shown that the distance effect is not negligible, particularly in the Pacific cold tongue region, and drives an annual cycle that is distinct from the tilt effect. The simulations also suggest that the distance effect is significant and pervasive in various regional climates. Considering both the tilt and distance effects provides new insights into Earth's seasonal cycle and is relevant to understanding long-term climate changes.
GEOSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Aleksandra Nina, Milan Radovanovic, Luka Popovic
Summary: Atmospheric properties significantly influence the propagation of electromagnetic waves, with changes in received signals used for detecting atmospheric disturbances. Outer space plays a key role in temporal and spatial variations of atmospheric parameters.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiv Priyam Raghuraman, David Paynter, V. Ramaswamy
Summary: Satellite observations reveal a significant positive trend in Earth's energy imbalance, but the contributing drivers have yet to be understood. Here, the authors show that it is exceptionally unlikely that this trend can be explained by internal variability; instead, anthropogenic forcing and feedbacks cause the trend.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan M. Tucker, Peter E. van Keken, Chris J. Ballentine
Summary: Oceanic crust subduction stores a significant amount of argon in the Earth's mantle, while the missing argon-40 from the atmosphere can be explained by high concentrations of argon-40 associated with potassium-rich subducted oceanic crust and unmelted material dispersed throughout the mantle.
Article
Remote Sensing
Panagiotis Vergados, Siddharth Krishnamoorthy, Leo Martire, Sebastijan Mrak, Attila Komjathy, Yu T. Jade Morton, Ivica Vilibic
Summary: We investigate the physical coupling and detectability of meteotsunamis in the earth's atmosphere. By analyzing data from different sources such as GNSS radio occultation, SABER temperatures, and ground-based GNSS ionospheric total electron content observations, we find evidence of gravity waves (GWs) generated by meteotsunamis. These GWs exhibit distinct activity at different atmospheric layers, confirming the dynamic coupling between meteotsunamis and the atmosphere. Our results suggest that RO measurements could improve the understanding of meteotsunamis and their interaction with the Earth's atmosphere, complementing ground-based GNSS TEC observations.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
H. Kurokawa, M. Laneuville, Y. Li, N. Zhang, Y. Fujii, H. Sakuraba, C. Houser, H. J. Cleaves
Summary: The origin of nitrogen in Earth's mantle is still unclear, and this study explores possible explanations. Modelling the partitioning of nitrogen during the early stages of Earth's formation and subsequent cycling between the surface and mantle, it is found that only a small fraction of nitrogen can be trapped in the solidified mantle. The excess nitrogen may have been eroded through impact events, and the mantle nitrogen could have originated from efficient subduction processes.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Barth, Eva E. Stueken, Christiane Helling, Lukas Rossmanith, Yuqian Peng, Wendell Walters, Mark Claire
Summary: Based on the results of spark discharge experiments, lightning-driven nitrogen fixation may have played a significant role in the development of Earth's earliest ecosystems, similar to modern times.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
A. V. Panchuk, K. G. Yakopov
Summary: A high-resolution diffraction-grating spectrograph has been developed for round-the-clock monitoring of the Earth atmosphere in the optical range. Equipped with a tracking device and an optical fiber for detecting direct solar radiation, the spectrograph is used to determine the water vapor content by individual band lines in the red and near IR spectrum ranges.
INSTRUMENTS AND EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Leonard Schulz, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier
Summary: This study compares the anthropogenic influx of objects in space to the natural influx due to meteoroids, indicating a significant increase in the former. The injection of anthropogenic aerosols into the atmosphere is disproportionately high compared to natural sources, which may have unknown effects on Earth's atmosphere and terrestrial habitat.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jofre Seira Curto, Maria Rosario Fernandez, Josep Cladera, Nuria Benseny-Cases, Natalia Sanchez de Groot
Summary: Homeostasis is crucial for cell function and disturbances in homeostasis can lead to health disorders. This study investigated how pH levels affect the aggregation of amyloid-beta-peptide (A beta) and the development of Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that the brain pH and different aggregated conformations play a role in the aggregation process. Furthermore, neutral pH and physiological salt concentrations were found to favor a slow aggregation with low cytotoxic effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manfred Vogt, Mario Trieloff, Ulrich Ott, Jens Hopp, Winfried H. Schwarz
Summary: Analyzing interior samples of the iron meteorite Washington County using high-resolution experiments revealed striking excesses of solar helium and neon, suggesting that Earth's core may have incorporated solar noble gases, contributing to the solar signatures observed in Earth's mantle.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
