Article
Clinical Neurology
Jules M. Janssen Daalen, Sabine Schootemeijer, Edo Richard, Sirwan K. L. Darweesh, Bastiaan R. Bloem
Summary: The prevalence of Parkinson disease is increasing, leading to a greater need for disease-modifying therapies, particularly in the early stages. Aerobic exercise is a promising lifestyle intervention for preventing progression from prodromal to manifest PD. Studies have shown that exercise may have disease-modifying potential and is associated with a reduced risk of developing PD. It is also a feasible intervention with minimal side effects.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Liping Dong, Gang Zhang, Xianting Li, He Liu, Huijuan Pei, Xiaoyu Song, Qin Liao, Yanfei Liu, Yibo Niu
Summary: Shifting diets in China have a significant impact on arable land depletion, water resource shortages, and climate change. Understanding the economic and social factors behind environmental footprints of diet is crucial for promoting sustainable development and addressing the diet-resource environment dilemma.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mayuko Kano, Hiroo Sasaki, Tsutomu Miwata, Hidetaka Suga
Summary: In this study, a simple and efficient method for generating hypothalamic and pituitary tissues from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) was presented. By providing key exogenous factors, hPSCs spontaneously formed spherical organoids with two distinct tissues, hypothalamus and adenohypophysis, in three-dimensional culture. These hypothalamus-pituitary organoids not only secreted relevant hormones, but also exhibited positive and negative feedback mechanisms, mimicking mature endocrine organs in vivo. Moreover, transplantation experiments in mouse models revealed the potential of these organoids as engraftment organs. They can be used not only for transplantation in patients with hypopituitarism, but also for disease modeling and research in vitro. Hypothalamus-pituitary organoids hold great promise as a powerful tool in regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and pituitary development research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Sarah M. Hird
Summary: In a recent study, Keady et al. investigated the milk microbiomes of 47 mammalian species and observed that their assembly is mostly influenced by stochastic processes. Although host-associated microbiomes are not entirely random, the role of random events in microbiome assembly, persistence, and ecology is often underestimated.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabrina Folie, Bernhard Radlinger, Georg Goebel, Karin Salzmann, Gabriele Staudacher, Claudia Ress, Herbert Tilg, Susanne Kaser
Summary: The study suggests that switching from a metabolically harmful Western diet to a balanced standard diet can improve adipose tissue inflammation, while long-term consumption of a Western diet negatively impacts the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue and inhibits beiging of white adipose tissue.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sha Jiang, Xinyu Zou, Miao Mao, Mi Zhang, Wenjun Tu, Meilan Jin
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of a low calcium diet on the gut microbiota-bone axis and related egg production and bone health in laying hens. The results showed that the low calcium diet led to decreased bone strength, eggshell thickness, and eggshell strength. It also affected the population structure of the gut microbiota. This study provides insights for understanding and preventing osteoporosis in laying hens.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Holger A. Russ, Ali H. Shilleh, Lori Sussel
Summary: Two reports from a multicenter clinical trial by Viacyte suggest that transplanting macro-encapsulated human stem cell-derived pancreatic endoderm cells into patients with type 1 diabetes is a feasible, safe, and potentially effective therapeutic approach.
News Item
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Morten Kjaergaard
Summary: The reliability of quantum computers is dependent on error correction which requires additional resources. Experiments on superconducting qubits have shown the effectiveness of a less-demanding error detection scheme.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Libby
Summary: Emerging evidence has led to a significant evolution of concepts related to atherosclerosis, with a shifting risk profile that is no longer limited to specific regions or demographics. Recent research has highlighted new risk factors and mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, opening doors to potential therapeutic interventions for this widespread disease.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hao Wang, Guosheng Lin, Steven C. H. Hoi, Chunyan Miao
Summary: This study focuses on learning structural representations for lengthy recipes, aiming to improve recipe generation and food cross-modal retrieval tasks. By proposing a novel method to unsupervisedly learn sentence-level tree structures and integrating them into the recipe generation and food cross-modal retrieval process, our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on the Recipe1M dataset.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Proietti Ilaria, Tolino Ersilia, Bernardini Nicoletta, Trovato Federica, Vizzaccaro Andrea, Skroza Nevena, Potenza Concetta
Summary: This paper reports a case of a patient with atopic dermatitis who achieved complete recovery by combining dupilumab therapy with a Mediterranean diet regimen.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Malgorzata Kowalska, Lukasz Michalski, Aneta Kiraga, Anna Zbikowska
Summary: The study aims to explore the use of different flour types, such as pea, hemp, or pumpkin flour, in making sponge cakes, which showed positive effects on technological and physicochemical properties but lower scores in sensory evaluation. The findings suggest that replacing all wheat flour with other types may not significantly impact the final evaluation of the products but can lead to the development of new products with higher nutritional values.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dirce Maria Marchioni, Leandro Teixeira Cacau, Eduardo De Carli, Aline Martins de Carvalho, Maria Cristina Rulli
Summary: The study assessed the adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet among the Brazilian population and found low overall adherence. Women, the elderly, overweight/obese individuals, those with higher incomes, and those living in urban areas had higher scores in adherence.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Alexander Raun, Evelyn Hu
Summary: The III-nitride material family has advanced efficient solid-state lighting sources, notably InGaN/GaN quantum dot lasers for enhancing photon performance in the blue wavelength regime. Despite challenges, studies on microdisk lasers have shown potential for optimizing QD laser performance and expanding III-nitride QD applications in devices.
Article
Geography, Physical
Philippe Crombe, Annelies Storme, Yves Perdaen, Hans Vandendriessche
Summary: Hazelnuts were an important food source for hunter-gatherers in Northwestern and Central Europe during the Early to Mid-Holocene. However, in the Scheldt basin in Belgium, the exploitation and consumption of hazelnuts started to decline early, possibly due to the expansion of oak trees. The Mesolithic hunter-gatherers responded to this change by increasing mobility, intensifying the use of other edible plants, and consuming more fish.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)