Article
Environmental Sciences
Ellen Foley, Alan D. Steinman
Summary: Road salt runoff is having a growing impact on water quality globally, particularly on freshwater ecosystems. This study focuses on the influence of road salt on an urban lake in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The research found that high chloride concentrations prevent complete mixing in the lake, leading to hypoxia in the deepest regions. Additionally, high phosphorus concentrations in the lake are likely to have accumulated over a long period of time. The study highlights the need for managing both internal and external sources of phosphorus and chloride in lake management actions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Christopher T. Solomon, Hilary A. Dugan, William D. Hintz, Stuart E. Jones
Summary: The widespread and increasing use of road deicing salt is causing an increase in lake chloride concentrations, which has negative impacts on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. A simple model was used to study the factors affecting road salt concentrations and predict equilibrium concentrations in lakes across the contiguous United States. The model shows that equilibrium salt concentration depends on salt application rate, road density, and runoff. By controlling or reducing salt application rates, it is possible to achieve equilibrium concentrations below recommended thresholds in many lakes. The analysis provides insights into the current trends of road salt pollution in lakes and suggests achievable goals for protecting aquatic organisms.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mia E. Forgione, Steven P. Brady
Summary: Organisms that rely on aquatic habitats in roaded landscapes, such as wood frogs, face negative consequences due to pollution, particularly freshwater salinization. This study found that roadside populations of wood frogs are less fit and more sensitive to road salt compared to woodland populations. The research showed that the survival disadvantage for roadside wood frog embryos persisted and developmental rates were delayed compared to woodland populations. These findings suggest that local maladaptation in roadside wood frog populations is driven by embryonic sensitivity to salt and delayed developmental rates.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sagan Leggett, Jonathan Borrelli, Devin K. Jones, Rick Relyea
Summary: Chemical pollution may have an impact on animal sex ratios, but its effects are smaller compared to biological stressors.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Richard Szeligowski, Jules A. Scanley, Christine C. Broadbridge, Steven P. Brady
Summary: In this study, exposure experiments were used to quantify the effects of salinity on larval gill morphology in wood frogs. It was found that larvae raised in elevated salinity developed changes in gill morphology, impacting ionoregulatory and respiratory function. These changes may diminish the functionality of gill tufts and compromise feeding capability of gill filters.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hilary A. Dugan, Shelley E. Arnott
Summary: Salt pollution poses a threat to freshwater ecosystems by altering the salinity of lakes and streams, which in turn affects the structure and function of these ecosystems. It directly impacts species through osmoregulatory stress and also has community-level effects on energy and material flow in food webs.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Philippe Sorrel, Kevin Jacq, Antonin Van Exem, Gilles Escarguel, Benjamin Dietre, Maxime Debret, Suzanne McGowan, Jules Ducept, Emilie Gauthier, Hedi Oberhaensli
Summary: This study utilizes visible and near infrared (VNIR), and short-wave infra-red (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging combined with geochemical analyses to reconstruct the lake stratification history, redox status, and mixing conditions in Lake Son Kol over the last 8500 years. The research reveals multiple episodes of hypolimnetic anoxia coinciding with increased snowmelt and warmer temperatures, leading to the deposition of dark organic sediments in the lake. The disappearance of hypolimnetic anoxia in Lake Son Kol is linked to strengthened wind conditions and enhanced lake overturning, highlighting the potential for abrupt ecosystem changes even without anthropogenic climate change.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aniyah Woodley, Leslie L. Hintz, Bayley Wilmoth, William D. Hintz
Summary: Rising salinity from road deicing salts poses a threat to the survival and reproduction of freshwater organisms. Two experiments were conducted to examine the impact of road salt concentration and water hardness on Daphnia pulex. The results showed that D. pulex survival was significantly reduced at higher salt concentrations and in hard water. The number of offspring produced per individual also declined with increasing chloride concentration and water hardness.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Edward J. Matheson, Peir K. Pufahl, Alexandre Voinot, J. Brendan Murphy, Danielle M. Fitzgerald
Summary: This study provides evidence supporting the ferruginous upwelling model through geochemical analysis of Paleozoic ironstones. The results show that ironstone primarily formed from unmixed marine fluids, including components from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal waters. The study also suggests that oxygen deficiency in the deep oceans was necessary for the formation of iron-enriched ironstone, and the redox conditions in the Paleozoic oceans were dynamically changing.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Stephen F. Jane, Joshua L. Mincer, Maximilian P. Lau, Abigail S. L. Lewis, Jonathan T. Stetler, Kevin C. Rose
Summary: The concentration of dissolved oxygen is important for aquatic ecosystems. A study on lakes found that most lakes have experienced summertime increases in the amount of water below ecologically important threshold concentrations, indicating a reduction in habitat and potential changes in lake chemistry. These trends are expected to be exacerbated by future warming.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yin Wang, Chengxiao Hu, Xu Wang, Guangyu Shi, Zheng Lei, Yanni Tang, Huan Zhang, Hada Wuriyanghan, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: Soil salinization negatively affects soybean production, but rhizosphere microorganisms can improve plant salt tolerance. Selenium is known to optimize the rhizosphere microbial community, and this study investigated whether selenium-induced rhizosphere microorganisms can enhance plant salt tolerance. Pot experiments were conducted using salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive soybean varieties, and the results showed that selenium application improved soybean salt tolerance by optimizing the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community. Furthermore, the application of four salt-tolerant bacteria isolated from selenium-fertilized soil led to significant increases in plant growth and reductions in stress-related compounds in salt-sensitive soybean.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aleksandra Gorecka, Sebastian Szklarek, Piotr Frankiewicz, Krzysztof Kukula, Adrianna Wojtal-Frankiewicz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of chloride ion concentration and inter-pond environmental variability on zooplankton density in urban ponds. The results showed that both environmental variables and pond location had significant contributions to the variability in zooplankton densities, with pond variables playing a larger role. Although chloride content was not the main determinant, its presence in aquatic ecosystems and potential interactions with other pollutants could have negative biological and ecological effects.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Freya Olsson, Eleanor B. Mackay, Phil Barker, Sian Davies, Ruth Hall, Bryan Spears, Giles Exley, Stephen J. Thackeray, Ian D. Jones
Summary: The study assessed the manipulation of lake residence time to inhibit internal phosphorus loading in Elterwater in the English Lake District. Despite a 40% reduction in water residence time, the lake continued to stratify and developed hypolimnetic anoxia, resulting in little significant change in phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, indicating limited impact of the management measure.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
David James Cannon, Cary Troy, Harvey Bootsma, Qian Liao, Rae-Ann MacLellan-Hurd
Summary: This study reports on turbulent mixing observed during the annual stratification cycle in the hypolimnetic waters of Lake Michigan, highlighting stratified, convective, and transitional mixing periods. Results show a shallow, wind-driven surface mixed layer and locally elevated dissipation rates in the thermocline during the stratified summer, while turbulence is weak and buoyancy-suppressed below the thermocline.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nan Li, Bin Yang, Tinglin Huang, Fan Si, Yue Gao, Lingyun Zhao
Summary: This study investigates oxygen depletion in both the hypolimnion and sediments in a stratified reservoir, finding that factors such as primary productivity, inflows during rainfall, and oxygen concentrations significantly affect hypolimnetic anoxia. Results show that the areal hypolimnetic oxygen demand (AHOD) and sediment oxygen demand (SOD) vary during summer stratification, with varying contributions from oxygen uptake and flux of reduced substances from sediment layers.
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
D. Allie Wyman, Carla M. Koretsky
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
D. Allie Wyman, Jessica L. Conroy, Christina Karamperidou
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
D. A. Wyman, J. L. Conroy, M. R. Osburn, A. R. Atwood
Summary: This study presents a reconstruction of tropical Pacific hydroclimate variability over the past millennium using a sediment record from Kiritimati Atoll. The findings suggest the presence of distinct hydrologic regimes on Kiritimati, including periods of aridity and extreme dry conditions, as well as wetter conditions in recent decades. Comparison with nearby sediment records reveals similar patterns of aridity through the last millennium and subsequent wetter conditions.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhen-Min Ge, Xiao-Long Huang, Wei Xie, Tobias W. Hofig, Fan Yang, Yang Yu, S. Khogenkumar Singh
Summary: The mantle source composition of the nascent oceanic crust in the central part of the Gulf of California has been investigated using basaltic glass samples. These samples show trace element patterns similar to enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts, suggesting that the nascent oceanic crust in the Guaymas Basin might be generated through partial melting of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by subducted slab materials.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jean-Michel Brazier, Katja E. Goetschl, Martin Dietzel, Vasileios Mavromatis
Summary: This study estimated the distribution coefficient of Zn2+ between calcite/aragonite and reactive fluids and found that the growth rate strongly influences D-Zn(2+) in both minerals. Additionally, a linear correlation was found between D-Zn(2+) and the saturation degree of the reactive fluid.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ming Lei, Michele Lustrino, Jifeng Xu, Zhiqiang Kang, Zhengfu Guo, Jianlin Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive geochronological, mineralogical, and geochemical analysis of olivine leucitites in the Maiga area of southern Tibet, suggesting that these rocks originate from a carbonated peridotite mantle source and highlighting the possibility of carbonates being recycled deep into the mantle during continental subduction.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuntao Ye, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Haifeng Fan, Zhigang Chen, Qingjun Guo, Ziteng Wang, Chaodong Wu, Donald E. Canfield, Shuichang Zhang
Summary: Phosphorus is an essential element for life and its cycle in the ocean is closely connected with the carbon and oxygen cycles. The study of phosphate oxygen isotopes can provide insights into various reactions related to phosphorus. By analyzing carbonate fluorapatite samples from the Mesoproterozoic Era in North China, it was found that the oxygen isotope values were lower compared to modern samples, indicating a warmer climate during that time period and a potential reason for the scarcity of phosphorite.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Vincent Busigny, Oanez Lebeau, Didier Jezeduel, Carine Chaduteau, Sean Crowe, Magali Ader
Summary: This study conducted high-precision Mo isotope research on hydrothermal metal sulfides from a porphyry copper deposit in Southwest China and found that different stages of mineralization have distinct Mo isotope compositions, providing valuable insights into the behavior of Mo isotopes in magmatic-hydrothermal systems.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Min Ji, Xiao-Ying Gao, Yong-Fei Zheng, Bing Gong
Summary: The study examines the anatectic mechanisms in the Himalayan orogen, finding that pressure and temperature control the reaction, while water content mainly affects the solid-phase composition. Dehydration and hydration melting likely occur at different depths in the crust. This research provides important insights into the melting processes in collisional orogens.
