Article
Veterinary Sciences
Wenjun Zhu, Bradley Pickering, Greg Smith, Mathieu Pinette, Thang Truong, Shawn Babiuk, Darwyn Kobasa, Logan Banadyga, Ming Yang
Summary: A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant NiV glycoprotein (G) was developed and evaluated for the detection of Nipah virus and Hendra virus. The cELISA showed comparable or better results than the commonly used plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), making it a suitable screening test for these viruses.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Shania Sanchez, Hinh Ly
Summary: A new virus called Langya henipavirus (LayV) has been found in Shandong and Henan provinces, China, infecting 35 people from April 2018 to August 2021. It is closely related to other known henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra viruses) that can result in up to 70% human fatality. Although LayV has not been proven fatal in humans or transmitted human-to-human, it is an RNA virus that can genetically evolve in infected hosts (e.g. shrews) and infect humans (e.g. farmers in close contact with shrews), making it important to remain vigilant about this new viral outbreak.
Article
Virology
Camilla M. Donnelly, Olivia A. Vogel, Megan R. Edwards, Paige E. Taylor, Justin A. Roby, Jade K. Forwood, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: Nipah and Hendra viruses are highly pathogenic viruses that cause severe respiratory disease and encephalitis. This study investigates the interaction between viral proteins and cellular structures to gain a better understanding of viral transmission and develop potential therapeutics.
Article
Immunology
Neeltje van Doremalen, Victoria A. A. Avanzato, Kerry Goldin, Friederike Feldmann, Jonathan E. E. Schulz, Elaine Haddock, Atsushi Okumura, Jamie Lovaglio, Patrick W. W. Hanley, Kathleen Cordova, Greg Saturday, Emmie de Wit, Teresa Lambe, Sarah C. C. Gilbert, Vincent J. J. Munster
Summary: ChAdOx1 NiV vaccine shows strong protection in the lethal African green monkey NiV challenge model, preventing virus replication and inducing a robust immune response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhaoqian Wang, Ha Dang, Moushimi Amaya, Yan Xu, Randy Yin, Lianying Yan, Andrew C. Hickey, Edward J. Annand, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Peter A. Reid, Ina Smith, John-Sebastian Eden, Kai Xu, Christopher C. Broder, David Veesler
Summary: A new variant of Hendra virus, HeV-g2, with significant genetic divergence from the original strain, has been discovered in regions of Australia previously not considered at risk for HeV spillover. Despite the genetic differences, HeV-g2 retains similar receptor tropism and antigenic properties as the original strain. A tetravalent monoclonal antibody mixture has been formulated, capable of neutralizing both HeV and HeV-g2, providing a potential treatment option for HNV infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ming Yang, Wenjun Zhu, Thang Truong, Bradley Pickering, Shawn Babiuk, Darwyn Kobasa, Logan Banadyga
Summary: In this study, a detection method for Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) was developed, using ephrin B2 as the capture ligand and specific monoclonal antibodies as detection reagents. This method enables rapid and accurate differentiation between these two viruses.
Article
Immunology
Thomas W. Geisbert, Kathryn Bobb, Viktoriya Borisevich, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross, Abhishek N. Prasad, Karla A. Fenton, Hao Yu, Timothy R. Fouts, Christopher C. Broder, Antony S. Dimitrov
Summary: A human subunit vaccine based on the attachment glycoprotein of Hendra virus was found to provide protection against both Nipah and Hendra viruses in a nonhuman primate model, starting as early as 7 days post immunization with a low dose. This vaccine could potentially serve as an efficient emergency tool to control the spread of Nipah disease during outbreaks.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Diego Cantoni, Martin Mayora-Neto, Mariliza Derveni, Kelly Da Costa, Joanne Del Rosario, Veronica O. Ameh, Claude T. Sabeta, Bethany Auld, Arran Hamlet, Ian M. Jones, Edward Wright, Simon D. Scott, Efstathios S. Giotis, Ashley C. Banyard, Nigel Temperton
Summary: This study conducted a serological survey of E. helvum fruit bats captured in Makurdi, Nigeria, and found neutralizing antibodies against known pathogenic viruses in these bats. These findings suggest a potential risk of zoonotic spillover from E. helvum fruit bats.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yao Yu Yeo, David W. Buchholz, Amandine Gamble, Mason Jager, Hector C. Aguilar
Summary: This study quantitatively demonstrates that CedV is significantly less fusogenic than NiV at equivalent G and F cell surface expression levels. Additionally, it was found that CedV G/F combinations are less fusogenic than NiV or HeV G/F combinations, and the G head/stalk junction plays a key role in modulating cell-cell fusion. These findings support the notion that head domains play central roles in modulating stalk domain fusion promotion in Henipavirus infections.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephanie L. Foster, Courtney Woolsey, Viktoriya Borisevich, Krystle N. Agans, Abhishek N. Prasad, Daniel J. Deer, Joan B. Geisbert, Natalie S. Dobias, Karla A. Fenton, Robert W. Cross, Thomas W. Geisbert
Summary: Nipah virus is an emerging highly lethal zoonotic disease that can be transmitted via respiratory droplets. A study has shown that a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine can rapidly protect monkeys from lethal Nipah virus infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Moushimi Amaya, Randy Yin, Lianying Yan, Viktoriya Borisevich, Bishwo N. Adhikari, Andrew Bennett, Francisco Malagon, Regina Z. Cer, Kimberly A. Bishop-Lilly, Antony S. Dimitrov, Robert W. Cross, Thomas W. Geisbert, Christopher C. Broder
Summary: Using a recombinant Cedar virus (rCedV) reverse genetics platform, chimeric viruses (rCedV-NiV-B and rCedV-HeV) were generated with the fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoprotein genes of Nipah virus (NiV-Bangladesh) or Hendra virus in place of those of rCedV. These chimeras induced an interferon response and utilized specific entry receptors compared to rCedV. Neutralization tests with monoclonal antibodies showed a high correlation between the chimeras and authentic NiV-B and HeV. A high-throughput fluorescence reduction neutralization test (FRNT) using the chimeras was established and showed highly correlated results with plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). The FRNT assay also measured serum neutralization titers from henipavirus G glycoprotein immunized animals. These rCedV chimeras provide a rapid and cost-effective henipavirus-based surrogate neutralization assay.
Article
Microbiology
Stephen R. Welch, Jessica R. Spengler, Jessica R. Harmon, Joann D. Coleman-McCray, Florine E. M. Scholte, Sarah C. Genzer, Michael K. Lo, Joel M. Montgomery, Stuart T. Nichol, Christina F. Spiropoulou
Summary: This study demonstrates that treatment with virus-like particles containing defective interfering particles (DIs) can significantly improve the clinical course and outcome of viral disease, supporting the development of this approach for treating high-consequence viral pathogens.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julien Cappelle, Neil Furey, Thavry Hoem, Tey Putita Ou, Thona Lim, Vibol Hul, Oudam Heng, Veronique Chevalier, Philippe Dussart, Veasna Duong
Summary: Recent studies have shown that coronaviruses are widely circulated in Southeast Asian bat species, with indications that the SARS-CoV-2 virus may have originated in rhinolophid bats in the region. The research from Cambodia indicates a correlation between positive coronavirus detections and juvenile and immature bats, suggesting seasonal patterns in CoV circulation. Long-term monitoring and understanding of bat ecology in Southeast Asia are needed for biodiversity conservation and public health reasons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Virology
Philip Lawrence, Beatriz Escudero-Perez
Summary: This review provides an overview of the pathogenicity mechanisms of Nipah henipavirus (NiV) and Hendra henipavirus (HeV), as well as their interactions with the immune systems of different host species. A better understanding of these interactions could facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies and vaccines against these highly pathogenic viruses.
Article
Virology
Erik M. Contreras, Gunner P. Johnston, David W. Buchholz, Victoria Ortega, I. Abrrey Monreal, J. Lizbeth R. Zamora, Tracy Cheung, Hector C. Aguilar
Summary: Cholesterol is involved in various stages of the viral life cycle for enveloped viruses. Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic enveloped virus in the Henipavirus genus within the Paramyxoviridae family, and cholesterol levels influence both cell-cell membrane fusion during syncytium formation and virus-cell membrane fusion during viral entry. The levels of cholesterol impact early and late steps during the membrane fusion cascade in NiV, expanding our understanding of viral entry and cell-cell fusion processes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)