期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 16, 期 9, 页码 5469-5474出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01881
关键词
Low-energy electrons; holography; charge transfer; graphene; adatoms
类别
资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation [PZ00P2_148084, 200021_150049]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200021_150049, PZ00P2_148084] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
Visualizing individual charges confined to molecules and observing their dynamics with high spatial resolution is a challenge for advancing various fields in science, ranging from mesoscopic physics to electron transfer events in biological molecules. We show here that the high sensitivity of low-energy electrons to local electric fields can be employed to directly visualize individual charged adsorbates and to study their behavior in a quantitative way. This makes electron holography a unique probing tool for directly visualizing charge distributions with a sensitivity of a fraction of an elementary charge. Moreover, spatial resolution in the nanometer range and fast data acquisition inherent to lens-less low-energy electron holography allows for direct visual inspection of charge transfer processes.
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