Article
Immunology
Rebecca N. Kumar, En-Ling Wu, Valentina Stosor, William J. Moore, Chad Achenbach, Michael G. Ison, Michael P. Angarone
Summary: A retrospective case-control study found that treatment with bamlanivimab was associated with a lower 30-day hospitalization rate in high-risk ambulatory patients with COVID-19.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Megan H. Cooper, Paul A. Christensen, Eric Salazar, Katherine K. Perez, Edward A. Graviss, Duc Nguyen, James M. Musser, Howard J. Huang, Michael G. Liebl
Summary: This study reported the outcomes of high-risk, SARS-CoV-2-positive patients infused with antispike protein monoclonal antibody therapy. The results showed that treatment with bamlanivimab, bamlanivimab-etesevimab, or casirivimab-imdevimab significantly decreased the number of patients who progressed to severe COVID-19 disease and required hospitalization.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fatima Amanat, Shirin Strohmeier, Wen-Hsin Lee, Sandhya Bangaru, Andrew B. Ward, Lynda Coughlan, Florian Krammer
Summary: In this study, mouse monoclonal antibodies were generated against different epitopes on the RBD of SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating that neutralizing antibodies can lower viral titers in the lungs while non-neutralizing antibodies cannot. Most of the MAbs also cross-neutralize the B.1.351 and B.1.1.7 variants in vitro.
Article
Virology
Kristine A. Sobolewski, Steven M. Smoke, Alison Brophy, Andrew V. Vassallo, Brandon Chen, Patrick Hilden, Rebecca Patterson, Marina Pittiglio, Karan Raja, Eric Handler, Christopher Freer
Summary: Evidence from clinical trials suggests that treatment with anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mABs) may substantially reduce the risk of hospitalization among patients 65 years or older with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Fulvia Mazzaferri, Massimo Mirandola, Alessia Savoldi, Pasquale De Nardo, Matteo Morra, Maela Tebon, Maddalena Armellini, Giulia De Luca, Lucrezia Calandrino, Lolita Sasset, Denise D'Elia, Emanuela Sozio, Elisa Danese, Davide Gibellini, Isabella Monne, Giovanna Scroccaro, Nicola Magrini, Annamaria Cattelan, Carlo Tascini, Evelina Tacconelli
Summary: This study compared the clinical efficacy of different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Omicron variant of concern (VOC). The results showed that early treatment with sotrovimab reduced the time to recovery, while casirivimab/imdevimab may help prevent COVID-19 progression. However, the generalizability of the results is limited due to the early discontinuation of the trial.
Article
Microbiology
Marcel S. Woo, Thomas Theo Brehm, Marlene Fischer, Andreas Heyer, Dominic Wichmann, Sabine Jordan, Dominik Noerz, Marc Luetgehetmann, Marylyn M. Addo, Ansgar W. Lohse, Stefan Schmiedel, Stefan Kluge, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch
Summary: This study demonstrates that sotrovimab, either alone or in combination with remdesivir, did not reduce in-hospital mortality among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection at risk of disease progression. These real-world clinical findings, combined with previous in vitro data showing the lack of neutralizing activity of sotrovimab against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, do not support the use of sotrovimab as a treatment option in these patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Cimellaro, Desiree Addesi, Michela Cavallo, Francesco Spagnolo, Edoardo Suraci, Raffaella Cordaro, Ines Spinelli, Francesco Passafaro, Manuela Colosimo, Medea Pintaudi, Carmelo Pintaudi
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of long COVID in patients receiving early therapy with monoclonal antibodies or antivirals. It found that age, gender, and having at least three comorbidities were directly associated with long COVID, while vaccination and the use of mAbs/antivirals were independently associated with a reduced risk of long COVID.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lin Sun, Somanath Kallolimath, Roman Palt, Karin Stiasny, Patrick Mayrhofer, Daniel Maresch, Lukas Eidenberger, Herta Steinkellner
Summary: In this study, two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were expressed in glycoengineered Nicotiana benthamiana plants in three formats. The IgA1 dimers showed a significantly higher neutralization potency than monomers, indicating the positive impact of IgA structural features and multivalency on neutralization potency. Additionally, the study highlighted the versatile use of plants for rapid expression of complex human proteins.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Haein Kim, Young Rock Jang, Ji Yeon Lee, Jae-Hoon Ko, Jee Young Lee, Seongcheol Cho, Yong Dae Lee, Junghoon Song, Miri Hyun, Hyun Ah Kim, Soyoon Hwang, Sangmi Ryou, Yoo Jin Na, Joo-Yeon Lee, Changhee Lee, Nan Young Lee, Seunghwan Shin, Ki Tae Kwon, Jin Yong Kim, Kyong Ran Peck
Summary: A retrospective cohort study in South Korea assessed the clinical effectiveness of regdanvimab, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody, against emerging variants. The study found that regdanvimab effectively reduced progression to severe disease in the overall study population but showed limited effectiveness in patients with the Delta variant. The study highlights the need to evaluate increased dosage of monoclonal antibody agents for strains with reduced susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Riccardo Scotto, Antonio Riccardo Buonomo, Antonio Iuliano, Maria Foggia, Alessia Sardanelli, Riccardo Villari, Biagio Pinchera, Ivan Gentile
Summary: Early treatment with remdesivir in adult and fragile patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection showed low rates of disease progression and adverse drug reactions. The study included 62 patients who were treated with remdesivir alone or in combination with monoclonal antibodies. The results showed low rates of hospitalization, increase in oxygen supplementation, ICU admission, and death in the patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Malak Abbas, Nada Farhat, Zainab Hammoud, Curtis Dickey, Ali Shuayto, Nai-Wei Chen, Lama M. Hsaiky, Matthew Sims, David Sengstock, Joseph Schramski, Zafar Shamoon
Summary: In this study, a retrospective cohort and propensity score matching analysis were used to show that COVID-19 patients treated with the anti-spike monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab had a significantly reduced risk of hospitalization or death within 30 days. This demonstrates the efficacy of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against specific variants.
JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yuan-Hung Kuo, Sheng-Nan Lu, Yen-Yang Chen, Kwong-Ming Kee, Yi-Hao Yen, Chao-Hung Hung, Tsung-Hui Hu, Chien-Hung Chen, Jing-Houng Wang
Summary: In clinical practice, lenvatinib showed superior progression-free survival, disease control rates, and equivalent treatment-related adverse events compared to sorafenib for patients with unresectable HCC, while also reducing the risk of disease progression. However, lack of approved post-lenvatinib systemic therapies remains a significant issue in the real world.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sean W. X. Ong, Dongdong Ren, Pei Hua Lee, Stephanie Sutjipto, Christopher Dugan, Bo Yan Khoo, Jun Xin Tay, Shawn Vasoo, Barnaby E. Young, David C. Lye
Summary: This cross-sectional study evaluated the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for early treatment of unvaccinated hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. The study found that early treatment with sotrovimab can reduce the risk of in-hospital deterioration in patients at high risk of disease progression.
Article
Surgery
Alexander Buia, Sibel Oguz, Annette Lehn, Eva Herrmann, Ernst Hanisch
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether the use of 3D visualization could reduce postoperative complications in a real-world setting. The results showed no significant difference between the 3D and 2D groups in terms of overall complications and operation time.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Minah Park, Kelvin Bryan Tan, Shawn Vasoo, Borame L. Dickens, David Lye, Alex R. Cook
Summary: This economic evaluation examines the health outcomes and costs associated with the use of monoclonal antibodies for treating SARS-CoV-2, considering 14 scenarios based on age, vaccination status, and source of infection.
Article
Microbiology
G. L. Drusano, Robert A. Bonomo, Steven M. Marshall, Laura J. Rojas, Mark D. Adams, Maria F. Mojica, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Liang Chen, Nino Mtchedlidze, Meredith Bacci, Michael Vicchiarelli, Jurgen B. Bulitta, Arnold Louie
Summary: The study investigated the impact of Ceftazidime-avibactam combination on Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance and bacterial killing rate, finding a close relationship between AVI concentration and resistance emergence, and continuous infusion of AVI effectively suppressed resistance formation.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hyonmin Choe, Joscelyn M. Tatro, Bryan S. Hausman, Kristine M. Hujer, Steve H. Marshall, Ozan Akkus, Phillip N. Rather, Zhenghong Lee, Robert A. Bonomo, Edward M. Greenfield
Summary: Bacterial infections can cause inflammation and impair osseointegration of orthopedic implants. This study compared the effects of Acinetobacter strain M2 and Staphylococcus aureus in a murine implant infection model, and found that Acinetobacter spp. can impair osseointegration of the implants. Genetic deletion experiments showed that the effects of Acinetobacter strain M2 can be partially reduced by deleting TLR2 and TLR4 genes.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jill M. Huded, Albert Lee, Sunah Song, Colleen M. McQuown, Brigid M. Wilson, Todd Smith, Robert A. Bonomo
Summary: The GERI-VET program, aimed at screening for geriatric syndromes and coordinating care for at-risk older Veterans, was associated with reduced ED and 30-day admissions, along with increased multidisciplinary resource utilization, without increasing ED length of stay or revisit rates.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher E. Morgan, Zhemin Zhang, Robert A. Bonomo, Edward W. Yu
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a serious global health threat, and in the Gram-negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, the multidrug efflux pump (AdeJ) is a major resistance determinant. This study uses cryo-EM to reveal the structure of the novel tetracycline antibiotic TP-6076 bound to AdeJ and the ribosome, providing insights into their binding mechanisms.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Patricia A. Bradford, Robert A. Bonomo, Karen Bush, Alessandra Carattoli, Michael Feldgarden, Daniel H. Haft, Yoshikazu Ishii, George A. Jacoby, William Klimke, Timothy Palzkill, Laurent Poirel, Gian Maria Rossolini, Pranita D. Tamma, Cesar A. Arias
Summary: The inconsistent assignment of names to beta-lactamase variants has caused confusion in published literature. The widespread use of whole genome sequencing has led to a rapid increase in the number of new beta-lactamase genes. In November 2021, an international group of beta-lactamase experts met virtually to establish a consensus on the naming of naturally-occurring beta-lactamase genes. This document formalizes the process for naming novel beta-lactamases and their subsequent publication.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Biographical-Item
Microbiology
Karen Bush, David C. Hooper, Robert A. Bonomo, Patricia A. Bradford, George Eliopoulos, Pentti Huovinen, Antone A. Medeiros, Barbara Murray, Alain Philippon, Louis Rice
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Philip Hinchliffe, Catherine L. Tooke, Christopher R. Bethel, Benlian Wang, Christopher Arthur, Kate J. Heesom, Stuart Shapiro, Daniela M. Schlatzer, Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace, Robert A. Bonomo, James Spencer
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism of action of two β-lactamase inhibitors, enmetazobactam and tazobactam, on CTX-M-15 β-lactamase in Escherichia coli, including the formation of protein cross-link and epimerization of amino acids.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Arturo Casadevall, Robert A. Bonomo, Martin J. Blaser, Samuel Miller, Liise-anne Pirofski
Article
Microbiology
Vidmantas Petraitis, Ruta Petraitiene, Povilas Kavaliauskas, Ethan Naing, Andrew Garcia, Naoki Ishibashi, Benjamin Georgiades, Roger Echols, Robert A. Bonomo, Yoshinori Yamano, Michael J. Satlin, Thomas J. Walsha
Summary: Cefiderocol demonstrates high efficacy in the treatment of S. maltophilia pneumonia, leading to improved survival rate, reduced bacterial burden, and lung injury in a rabbit model.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Morgan K. Morelli, Amy Kloosterboer, Scott A. Fulton, Jennifer Furin, Nicholas Newman, Ahmed F. Omar, Laura J. Rojas, Steven H. Marshall, Mohamad Yasmin, Robert A. Bonomo
Summary: Resistant Gram-negative bacteria pose a growing concern in the United States, causing significant morbidity and mortality rates. We report a case of a 72-year-old female patient presenting with unilateral vision loss. She was diagnosed with a large corneal ulcer infected by extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Treatment involved a combination of systemic and topical antibiotics. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of bla(VIM-80), bla(GES-9), and other resistance determinants. This unique organism was linked to an over-the-counter artificial tears product.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Richard R. Watkins, Dipendra Thapaliya, Tracy L. Lemonovich, Robert A. Bonomo
Summary: The ongoing spread of antimicrobial resistance has led to difficulties in treating uncomplicated UTIs and urogenital gonorrhoea. Gepotidacin is a novel oral antibiotic that shows promising results in Phase II clinical trials for these infections. It inhibits bacterial DNA replication by blocking two essential topoisomerase enzymes and has the potential to maintain long-term effectiveness against resistance.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Zhemin Zhang, Christopher E. Morgan, Robert A. Bonomo, Edward W. Yu
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic and the rise of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections have significantly impacted global health. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Gram-negative pathogen, is a common cause of secondary bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients, with a mortality rate of 83%. The emergence of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae, with a mortality rate of up to 71%, has raised public attention. We report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of K. pneumoniae AcrB, which plays a crucial role in drug resistance, in the absence and presence of erythromycin, providing insights into drug recognition and pump-drug interactions.
Article
Microbiology
Zhipeng Zhang, Dasheng Wang, Yiyang Yao, Jiayu Yang, Zhangping Yang, Yi Yang
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzed T-cell responses in cows vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) using multi-parameter flow cytometry. The results revealed a significant reduction in CD4, CD8, and gamma delta T cells, and a marked increase in the proportion of CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) T cells following FMD vaccine inoculation. Cows with high vaccine potency exhibited a higher proportion of CD4(+)CD8(+) DP T cells post-vaccination. These groundbreaking findings shed light on the latent function of CD4(+)CD8(+) DP T cells in FMD vaccine-induced immune protection and established a novel method for evaluating FMD vaccine efficacy based on T-cell responses.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
German Matias Traglia, Cecilia Rodriguez, Camila Leal, Briea Gasca, Adiba Aziz, Christina Lopez, Maria Lucia Petrelli, Nicholas T. Salzameda, Robert A. Bonomo, Raul Raya, Maria Soledad Ramirez
Summary: We present a draft genome assembly of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL 2244, recovered from wastewater in Argentina. The genome has a size of 2,898,100 bp, with a G + C content of 46.73%. Comparative analysis shows its closest relative to be L. rhamnosus 1.0320 (GCF_006151905.1), with an average nucleotide identity of 97.46%.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)