Article
Neurosciences
Maria-Eleftheria Evangelopoulos, Georgios Koutsis, Fotini Boufidou, Manolis Markianos
Summary: Cholesterol levels may be associated with disease characteristics in multiple sclerosis, particularly with demyelination and immune response. This study found lower levels of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid cholesterol in patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients with positive oligoclonal bands had even lower cerebrospinal fluid cholesterol levels, which may be related to disease progression and enhanced humoral immune response.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Christopher Martin Allen, Ellen Mowry, Mar Tintore, Nikos Evangelou
Summary: Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is a single attack of inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system, which can predict the development of multiple sclerosis. MRI scanning remains the most influential prognostic investigation during diagnosis, while multiple testing methods and medical history information also contribute to the diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tianrong Yeo, Halwan Bayuangga, Marcus Augusto-Oliveira, Megan Sealey, Timothy D. W. Claridge, Rachel Tanner, David Leppert, Jacqueline Palace, Jens Kuhle, Fay Probert, Daniel C. Anthony
Summary: Metabolomics analysis of serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples can detect clinically silent neuroinflammation in patients with multiple sclerosis. In the DTH animal model, the most significant metabolic perturbations were observed only on day 12, when the inflammatory response was most intense.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Klaus Berek, Gabriel Bsteh, Michael Auer, Franziska Di Pauli, Anne Zinganell, Thomas Berger, Florian Deisenhammer, Harald Hegen
Summary: The study found that the CSF parameters in MS patients varied across disease courses, with less frequent blood-CSF-barrier dysfunction and intrathecal IgA/IgM synthesis when the novel RL were applied.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shinji Ashida, Takayuki Kondo, Chihiro Fujii, Mio Hamatani, Toshiki Mizuno, Hirofumi Ochi
Summary: This study found that the inflammatory profile in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. This suggests that combined CSF and MRI analysis may help identify different MS phenotypes related to the heterogeneity of underlying immune processes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sungtaek Oh, Yura Jang, Chan Hyun Na
Summary: This study used discovery-based approaches and quantitative comparative analyses to identify differential proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with ALS. They found 15 proteins that showed significant differences between ALS and the control group, providing a foundation for biomarker research in ALS.
Article
Neurosciences
Sook Yoong Chia, Ashwati Vipin, Kok Pin Ng, Haitao Tu, Ananth Bommakanti, Brian Zhiyang Wang, Yi Jayne Tan, Fatin Zahra Zailan, Adeline Su Lyn Ng, Shuo-Chien Ling, Katsutomo Okamura, Eng-King Tan, Nagaendran Kandiah, Li Zeng
Summary: This study aimed to identify a novel blood-based biomarker for dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). The research found that miR-150-5p expression was significantly upregulated in DAT patients and correlated with AD pathology and clinical measures of DAT.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Manon Rival, Eric Thouvenot, Lucile Du Trieu de Terdonck, Sabine Laurent-Chabalier, Christophe Demattei, Ugur Uygunoglu, Giovanni Castelnovo, Mikael Cohen, Darin T. Okuda, Orhun H. Kantarci, Daniel Pelletier, Christina Azevedo, Philippe Marin, Sylvain Lehmann, Aksel Siva, Thibault Mura, Christine Lebrun-Frenay
Summary: This study evaluates the predictive value of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and CSF NfL (cNfL) in patients with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) for evidence of disease activity and clinical conversion. The results indicate that both sNfL and cNfL can independently predict disease activity and clinical conversion.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamas Biernacki, Zsofia Kokas, Daniel Sandi, Judit Fuvesi, Zsanett Fricska-Nagy, Peter Farago, Tamas Zsigmond Kincses, Peter Klivenyi, Krisztina Bencsik, Laszlo Vecsei
Summary: MS is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting young people, with significant impact on quality of life. Early recognition and treatment are crucial. Current therapies aim to reduce disease activity, but monitoring measures have limitations. New biomarkers in blood and CSF may improve diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marie Dreger, Robert Steinbach, Nayana Gaur, Klara Metzner, Beatrice Stubendorff, Otto W. Witte, Julian Grosskreutz
Summary: The study investigated the correlation between CSF NfL levels and disease aggressiveness in ALS using the D50 disease progression model. Significant differences in NfL concentrations were found between different disease aggressiveness subgroups, indicating an increase of NfL levels with more aggressive disease progression. The study suggests that CSF NfL could potentially serve as a biomarker for disease aggressiveness in ALS, but further research is needed to address analytical variations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bastian Weiss, Alexander Pichler, Anna Damulina, Arabella Buchmann, Sonja Hochmeister, Thomas Seifert-Held, Christian Enzinger, Juan-Jose Archelos, Michael Khalil
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of quantitative kappa free light chains (k-FLC) in patients with an isolated band in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The results showed that positive k-FLC can indicate the possibility of neuroinflammatory diseases in patients with an isolated band in isoelectric focusing (IEF). Therefore, measuring k-FLC can provide support in the diagnosis of neurological diseases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qi Wang, Qingwen Lin, Haiyan Wang, Minjie Tang, Kengna Fan, Zeqin Zhang, Er Huang, Weiqing Zhang, Fengqing Wang, Qishui Ou, Xiaofeng Liu
Summary: CSF NGAL may serve as a potential biomarker for distinguishing between acute bacterial meningitis (BM) and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) or cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Additionally, it holds clinical significance in monitoring the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy for BM.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Baumgartner, Radim Mazanec, Jitka Hanzalova
Summary: This study measured the levels of NfL and p-NfH in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and p-NfH in serum to assess their diagnostic performance as markers of MND. The results showed that NfL and p-NfH in CSF were reliable diagnostic markers for MND, while p-NfH in serum had limited diagnostic ability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Visesha Kakarla, Scott L. Letendre, Ronald J. Ellis
Summary: Accumulation of soluble proteins and metabolites during wakefulness and their clearance during sleep via the glymphatic system is disturbed in some neurological conditions and has not been evaluated in people with HIV.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Keld-Erik Byg, Helle H. Nielsen, Tobias Sejbaek, Jonna Skov Madsen, Dorte Aalund Olsen, Nina Nguyen, Astrid Kindt, Jakob Grauslund, Zsolt Illes, Torkell Ellingsen
Summary: NFL levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma are significantly higher in neurosarcoidosis patients compared to extra-neurologic patients and healthy controls, and the levels correlate to the extent of inflammation on MRI.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniela Pinter, Michael Khalil, Lukas Pirpamer, Anna Damulina, Alexander Pichler, Viktoria Fruhwirth, Stefan Ropele, Reinhold Schmidt, Siegrid Fuchs, Christian Enzinger
Summary: Long-term study findings indicate that thalamic volume plays a crucial role in predicting cognitive function in MS patients and differentiating those with cognitive decline. The study also suggests that age, disease duration, and baseline cognition are related to cognitive function.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Menno M. Schoonheim, Daniela Pinter, Stefanos E. Prouskas, Tommy A. A. Broeders, Lukas Pirpamer, Michael Khalil, Stefan Ropele, Bernard M. J. Uitdehaag, Frederik Barkhof, Christian Enzinger, Jeroen J. G. Geurts
Summary: This study found that in patients with multiple sclerosis, thalamic functional connectivity is related to disability severity and cortical network atrophy, but not to thalamic atrophy or lesion volumes.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Carlos Milovic, Mathias Lambert, Christian Langkammer, Kristian Bredies, Pablo Irarrazaval, Cristian Tejos
Summary: The novel L1-norm data fidelity approach effectively prevents streaking artifacts in QSM reconstructions and is robust against outliers. It demonstrates better performance in testing and does not require the use of additional brain masks.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johanna Oechtering, Therese Lincke, Sabine Schaedelin, Bernhard F. Decard, Aleksandra Maceski, Annette Orleth, Stephanie Meier, Eline Willemse, Arabella Buchmann, Michael Khalil, Tobias Derfuss, Pascal Benkert, Ingmar Heijnen, Axel Regeniter, Stefanie Muller, Lutz Achtnichts, Patrice Lalive, Anke Salmen, Caroline Pot, Claudio Gobbi, Ludwig Kappos, Cristina Granziera, David Leppert, Regina Schlaeger, Johanna M. Lieb, Jens Kuhle
Summary: In early multiple sclerosis, intrathecal IgM synthesis is strongly associated with spinal cord manifestation and more pronounced neuroaxonal injury, suggesting a distinct clinical phenotype and pathophysiology.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Grueter, Franziska E. Moellers, Anja Tietz, Justina Dargvainiene, Nico Melzer, Anna Heidbreder, Christine Strippel, Andrea Kraft, Romana Hoeftberger, Florian Schoeberl, Franziska S. Thaler, Jonathan Wickel, Ha-Yeun Chung, Frank Seifert, Marlene Tschernatsch, Michael Nagel, Jan Lewerenz, Sven Jarius, Brigitte C. Wildemann, Lucie de Azevedo, Fedor Heidenreich, Raphaela Heusgen, Ulrich Hofstadt-van Oy, Andreas Linsa, Jannis Justus Maass, Til Menge, Marius Ringelstein, David J. Pedrosa, Josef Schill, Thomas Seifert-Held, Caspar Seitz, Silke Tonner, Christian Urbanek, Simone Zittel, Robert Markewitz, Mirjam Korporal-Kuhnke, Thomas Schmitter, Carsten Finke, Norbert Brueggemann, Corinna Bien, Ingo Kleiter, Ralf Gold, Klaus-Peter Wandinger, Gregor Kuhlenbaeumer, Frank Leypoldt, Ilya Ayzenberg
Summary: In a study of a large group of anti-IgLON5 disease patients, Gruter et al. found that early inflammatory CSF changes, subacute relapses, and HLA-DRB1*10:01 were associated with higher autoantibody levels, supporting the autoimmune nature of the disease. They also found that immunotherapy is effective if initiated early, before major neurodegeneration occurs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bastian Weiss, Alexander Pichler, Anna Damulina, Arabella Buchmann, Sonja Hochmeister, Thomas Seifert-Held, Christian Enzinger, Juan-Jose Archelos, Michael Khalil
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of quantitative kappa free light chains (k-FLC) in patients with an isolated band in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The results showed that positive k-FLC can indicate the possibility of neuroinflammatory diseases in patients with an isolated band in isoelectric focusing (IEF). Therefore, measuring k-FLC can provide support in the diagnosis of neurological diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margret Paar, Katharina Seifried, Gerhard Cvirn, Arabella Buchmann, Michael Khalil, Karl Oettl
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the redox state of human serum albumin (HSA) in patients with multiple sclerosis in serum and CSF and its possible correlations with disease activity and severity. The results showed significant differences in the redox state of albumin in CSF compared to controls, while there was no difference in serum. The redox state of albumin in serum was associated with physical disability in remission, while the redox state in CSF was related to disease activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harald Hegen, Georgina Arrambide, Sharmilee Gnanapavan, Batia Kaplan, Michael Khalil, Ruba Saadeh, Charlotte Teunissen, Hayrettin Tumani, Luisa Maria Villar, Maria Alice Willrich, Henrik Zetterberg, Florian Deisenhammer
Summary: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is crucial for diagnosing and differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Detection of CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and kappa-free light chains (FLCs) proves the inflammatory nature of the disease and enhances diagnostic accuracy. Kappa-FLCs offer advantages such as fast, easy, cost-effective, reliable detection, and quantitative results, which can improve the prediction of MS disease activity. The international panel of experts recommends including intrathecal kappa-FLC synthesis in the next revision of MS diagnostic criteria.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Harald Hegen, Janette Walde, Klaus Berek, Georgina Arrambide, Sharmilee Gnanapavan, Batia Kaplan, Michael Khalil, Ruba Saadeh, Charlotte Teunissen, Hayrettin Tumani, Luisa M. Villar, Maria Alice Willrich, Henrik Zetterberg, Florian Deisenhammer
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of kappa-FLC index compared to OCB in identifying patients with CIS or MS, and to determine the cut-off for kappa-FLC index. The findings indicate that kappa-FLC index has similar diagnostic accuracy in MS as OCB.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Seiberl, Julia Feige, Patrick Hilpold, Wolfgang Hitzl, Lukas Machegger, Arabella Buchmann, Michael Khalil, Eugen Trinka, Andrea Harrer, Peter Wipfler, Tobias Moser
Summary: This study investigated the impact of cladribine on serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and its potential as a predictor of long-term treatment response. The results showed that cladribine significantly reduced sNfL levels, but baseline and 12-month sNfL assessments failed to predict clinical and radiological treatment response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Irina Balazs, Angela Horvath, Bettina Heschl, Michael Khalil, Christian Enzinger, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Thomas Seifert-Held
Summary: This study analyzed the functional characteristics of neutrophils obtained from patients with and without anti-CD20 treatment. It found that anti-CD20 treatment does not affect chemotaxis and reactive oxygen species production of neutrophils in vitro, but may restore impaired phagocytosis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Additionally, patients with anti-CD20 treatment showed a predisposition to early neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in vitro, which may contribute to the associated risks of neutropenia and infections.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adil Harroud, Pernilla J. Stridh, Jacob H. McCauley, Janna Saarela, Aletta M. R. van den Bosch, Hendrik Engelenburg, Ashley Beecham, Lars Alfredsson, Katayoun Alikhani, Lilyana Amezcua, Till F. M. Andlauer, Maria Ban, Lisa Barcellos, Nadia Barizzone, Tone Berge, Achim Berthele, Stefan Bittner, Steffan Bos, Farren B. S. Briggs, Stacy Caillier, Peter Calabresi, Domenico Caputo, David Carmona-Burgos, Paola Cavalla, Elisabeth Celius, Gabriel Cerono, Angel Chinea, Tanuja Chitnis, Ferdinando Clarelli, Manuel Comabella, Giancarlo Comi, Chris Cotsapas, Bruce C. A. Cree, Sandra D'Alfonso, Efthimios Dardiotis, Philip De Jager, Silvia Delgado, Benedicte Dubois, Sinah Engel, Federica Esposito, Marzena Fabis-Pedrini, Massimo Filippi, Kathryn Fitzgerald, Christiane Gasperi, Lissette Gomez, Refujia Gomez, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Joerg Hamann, Friederike Held, Roland Henry, Jan Hillert, Jesse Huang, Inge Huitinga, Talat Islam, Noriko Isobe, Maja Jagodic, Allan L. Kermode, Michael Khalil, Trevor Kilpatrick, Ioanna Konidari, Karim Kreft, Jeannette Lechner-Scott, Maurizio Leone, Felix Luessi, Sunny Malhotra, Ali Manouchehrinia, Clara Manrique, Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi, Andrea Martinez, Viviana Martinez-Maldonado, Elisabetta Mascia, Luanne Metz, Luciana Midaglia, Xavier Montalban, Jorge Oksenberg, Tomas Olsson, Annette Oturai, Kimmo Paakkonen, Grant P. Parnell, Nikolaos Patsopoulos, Margaret Pericak-Vance, Fredrik Piehl, Justin Rubio, Adam Santaniello, Silvia Santoro, Catherine Schaefer, Finn Sellebjerg, Hengameh Shams, Klementy Shchetynsky, Claudia Silva, Vasileios Siokas, Helle Sondergaard, Melissa Sorosina, Bruce Taylor, Marijne Vandebergh, Elena Vasileiou, Domizia Vecchio, Margarete Voortman, Howard Weiner, Dennis Wever, V. Wee Yong, David Hafler, Graeme Stewart, Alastair Compston, Frauke Zipp, Hanne Harbo, Bernhard Hemmer, An Goris, Joost Smolders, Stephen Hauser, Ingrid Kockum, Stephen Sawcer, Sergio Baranzini, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Yolanda Blanco, Sara Llufriu, Lohith Madireddy, Albert Saiz, Pablo Villoslada, Kari Stefansson, Hanne F. Harbo, Bernhard Hemmer, An Goris, Ingrid Kockum, Stephen J. Sawcer, Sergio E. Baranzini
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) and results in significant neurodegeneration. A genome-wide association study identified a significant association between the rs10191329 polymorphism in the DYSF-ZNF638 locus and MS severity. This polymorphism was also associated with earlier need for a walking aid and increased brain pathology. Another polymorphism in the DNM3-PIGC locus showed suggestive association with MS, and there was significant heritability enrichment in CNS tissues. Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a potential protective effect of higher educational attainment in MS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniela Kern, Michael Khalil, Lukas Pirpamer, Arabella Buchmann, Edith Hofer, Peter Dal-Bianco, Elisabeth Stoegmann, Christoph Scherfler, Thomas Benke, Gerhard Ransmayr, Reinhold Schmidt
Summary: This study investigated the associations between serum NfL levels and cognitive, behavioral, and brain volumetric findings in AD patients. The results showed that higher sNfL concentrations were associated with worse cognitive performance, presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, and smaller brain volumes. Additionally, sNfL levels predicted short-term cognitive decline.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Slaven Pikija, Alexander B. Kunz, Raffaele Nardone, Christian Enzinger, Johannes A. R. Pfaff, Eugen Trinka, Thomas Seifert-Held, Johann Sellner
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed spontaneous spinal cord infarction (SCI) patients in two tertiary care centers in Austria, with a total of 88 cases. The study found that the characteristics of spontaneous SCI included a median age of 65.5 years, anterior spinal artery infarction being the most common syndrome, and differences in etiology and diagnostic certainty between the two centers. The article also emphasized the importance of establishing standards for pre- and in-hospital care to improve treatment outcomes.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2022)